Geoscience Research

49-60

Authors: YOUSRY M., AWADALLAH A.G., SALEM T

Considerable attention has been given to the monitoring of Nile River water quality and the establishment of a monitoring program carried out twice a year, in low and high flow seasons. A group of tests to quantify the physical, chemical, and biological quality are conducted for each water sample. The main objective of this paper is to assess Nile River water quality data using exploratory and cluster analysis to gain insight of spatial data grouping and relationships between variables. Having an insight of such variability is essential in detecting point source pollution. Exploratory data analysis (EDA) is undertaken on the 8 years monitored data (2000-2007) during February and August. Comparing the mean value of each variable with the national standards of Law 48 / year 1982, it is found that water quality variables have mean values within allowable limits except COD. Grouping main Nile and its two branches results in a non-homogeneous dataset especially for salinity and biological variables. The large variability of FC, TC, TSS, OP, COD, BOD, NO2 and NO3, depicted through box plots, indicates that the Nile and its branches are exposed to different point sources of pollution. A significant correlation is found between several variables following their expected chemical behavior and exhibits evidence of mutual dependency between water quality variables. Cluster analysis is used to identify a hierarchy of these correlations. The statistical methods undertaken in this research gave a clear picture about the behavior of the variables and the anthropogenic activities in the study area.

70-75

Authors: SULE B.M., BARAKADE A.J

In this paper the present study reveals the districtwise growth of population in Maharashtra State during 1991-2011. Maharashtra is the third largest State regarding the geographical area and second largest State in respect of population in India. It has studied on the basis census of India reports of 1991 and 2011. The secondary data have been collected and computed by recent research techniques and the results have been brought through tables and maps. About 42.04 per cent (4.10 Crores) of the State population resides in the urban areas as against 27.08 per cent (28.53 Crores) for all India. The total population of the Maharashtra stands second with its 35 district in the terms of Population in India. Growth rate of population in Maharashtra is 16.01 per cent where country’s population growth rate is 17.64 per cent during the 2011. Thane district is the biggest population of 1, 10, 54,131 and constitutes about 9.84 per cent of total population of the State. The highest growth rate of Thane district is 54.86 per cent in 1991-2001and 35.97 per cent in 2001-2011 and followed by Pune, Aurangabad and Nandurbar 30.49 % 26.54% and 25.74 % respectively. The lowest growth rate comes from the Mumbai city, Ratanagiri and Shidhudurg district as it is negative i.e. -5.75%, -4.94% and -1.49% respectively. The results have been discussed with the help of population growth rate refers to the change in population growth rate over a unit time period, often expressed as a percentage of the number of individuals in the population, at the beginning of that period.