Business and Economics Research Journal

1-17

Authors: Fatih Kirsanli

Corruption, abuse of public office for private gain, is mainly found to impact macroeconomic indicators adversely in the long run. In this vein, this paper investigates the impact of corruption on unemployment in Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries between 1996-2020. Utilizing World Governance Indicators (WGI) corruption data and implementing the system generalized method of moments (GMM) methodology to overcome endogeneity and reverse causality issues, the results indicate that corruption increases unemployment in all models when various variables are controlled for. The robustness checks with alternative econometric estimations (i.e., difference GMM, fixed effect, and ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions) and corruption index (i.e., Corruption Perception Index (CPI)) verify the conclusion of system GMM that higher corruption leads to higher unemployment. However, the magnitude depends on the model and specification. The results reveal that specific policies should be implemented to eliminate corruption in political and bureaucratic spheres so that the unemployment rate can be maintained around the natural rate of each country.

73-86

Authors: Gizem Dagasan, Hakan Kitapci, Eren Kilic

The high-level coordination needs of hospitals require a conscious and disciplined total quality management (TQM) to improve healthcare service quality. Besides, the effectiveness of TQM relies on how healthcare professionals perceive TQM principles and how they improve their job attitudes and performances accordingly. From this view, we aimed to examine how TQM principles in healthcare services (i.e., patient focus, continuous improvement, teamwork) affect healthcare professionals’ job performance. From the social learning perspective, we predicted that the relationship between TQM principles and job performance might differ by the locus of control (internal and external). We collected data through questionnaires from 347 nurses actively working in various departments of two different public hospitals in Turkey. We found that nurses’ perceptions of patient focus and continuous improvement positively relate to their job performance. In addition, we found that the relationship between teamwork perception and job performance differed regarding the locus of control. While teamwork negatively affects job performance in nurses with a higher internal locus of control, it positively affects job performance in those with a higher external locus of control.