Business and Economics Research Journal

13-26

Authors: Helmi Hamdi, Abdelaziz Hakimi

The aim of this paper is to define the optimal level of liquidity and to investigate its impact on the overall bank profitability. To achieve these goals, we use a large sample of 127 countries over the period 2005-2015. The whole sample is divided in two sub-samples. The first covers 46 high income countries and the second includes 81 low and middle income countries. We performed the Panel Smooth Transition Regression (PSTR) as econometric approach. Empirical results show that the optimal level of liquidity that affects bank profitability is 24.18% for high income countries and 40.45% for low and middle income countries. Findings also indicate that credit risk decreases significantly the level of profitability of the two groups of countries.

41-54

Authors: Mustafa Ozcag, E. Yasemin Bozdaglioglu, Hatice Kucukkaya

In the transition economies, together with the transition process, positive developments in economic growth performances can be seen. In this study, the impact of foreign direct investment on the economic growth rates of 27 transition economies for the period 1997- 2016 is modeled within the theories of neoclassical and endogenous growth. In order to investigate this effect in the framework of Neoclassical and endogenous growth theories, the human capital factor also plays an important role. For this reason, the relationship between foreign direct investment and economic growth for the specified period is tested with the estimators Arellano-Bond, Arellano-Bondmax and Arellano-Bond 2 Stage GMM (Generalized Method of Moments) which are current dynamic panel model estimators. Economic growth, human capital and trade volume variables are statistically significant and the coefficients are positive. The most striking result of working is; if foreign direct investment is supported by human capital growth, it will have much more impact on economic growth.

77-94

Authors: Betul Sari Aksakal

The World Bank is an international development and financial institution, which was founded with the name of International Reconstruction and Development Bank and based within the United Nations, offers customized resources, development prescriptions, consultancies and loans to countries in various parts of the world. The largest part of the World Bank group is the World Bank which is the largest organization working on private sector initiatives and projects in developing countries; providing technical assistance and development proposals to businesses and governments. The adopted development approaches of this organization and its policy prescriptions to countries have evolved parallel to the periodic charecteristics of capitalism and the change in the economic theory corresponding to these periods since its foundation. It is possible to state that, roughly in the first 30 years, the Keynesian economic policies has affected development discourse and policies of the Bank. However, in the mid-1970s the Keynesian impulse went into reverse and replaced by neoliberalism under the effects of Vietnam War and the OPEC oil price shocks. After that, neoliberalism was on the stage until the 2008 financial crisis started in America and brought the whole world under its impact. This crisis has led the bank to change rhetoric and adopt Keynesian development policies. The main objective of this study sheds light on what Keynesian economics is, its main aims Keynesian development period of the World Bank and its reflections on Bank’s development policies.

115-129

Authors: Melek Eker, Semih Eker

The subject of this study is the effects of three way interaction between environmental uncertainty, business strategy and management control system on firm performance. The data from 94 Turkish manufacturing company of 500 top class company is analyzed with the SPSS. The results of multiple regression analysis indicate that higher differentiation strategy, management control system, the three-way interaction between environmental uncertainty, differentiation strategy and management control system and the three-way interaction between environmental uncertainty, differentiation strategy and interactive control system lead to higher firm performance. According to the results of t-test, the firms with high performance tend to use differentiation strategy, management control system, three-way interaction between environmental uncertainty, differentiation strategy and management control system, three-way interaction between environmental uncertainty, cost leadership strategy and management control system, three-way interaction between environmental uncertainty, differentiation strategy and interactive control system, three-way interaction between environmental uncertainty, cost leadership strategy and diagnostic control system more than ones with low performance.

149-165

Authors: Bulent Yildiz

In this study, the effect of quality-focused leadership on education, customer and employee relationships and quality performance was investigated. In addition, the effect of training on the customer and employee relationships has been examined. For this purpose, survey data were collected from 170 manufacturing companies operating in Gaziantep, Kahramanmaraş and Adıyaman. The data were analyzed by the structural equation model. As a result of the analysis made, it was found that the quality-focused leadership has a significant effect on training, employee relations, customer relations and quality performance positively. It was found that education significantly influenced customer relationships and employee relations positively.

187-201

Authors: Esra Cinar, H. Nejat Basim

This study aimed to manifest the moderation effects of self-esteem and social role identity (local/cosmopolitan identity) on the relationship between organizational prestige and organizational identification. In order to test the research model, data were collected from 419 individuals working in private and public sectors by using questionnaire method. By using structural equation model and hierarchical regression model, the research model was analyzed. In consequence of the analyses run, a significant and positive relationship was found between organizational prestige and organizational identification. Then, the moderation effect of self-esteem on the relationship between these variables was analyzed. The results showed that high self-esteem had a significant effect on this relationship. On the contrary, it was understood that there was no significant effect of medium self-esteem on this relationship. Then, the moderation effect of social role identity (local/cosmopolitan) on the impact of organizational prestige on organizational identification was investigated. The results showed that cosmopolitan identity had a moderating effect on the relationship between organizational prestige and organizational identification but local identity had no moderating role on this relationship.

219-231

Authors: Ayse Elvan Pehlivan, Latife Kilicsal, Duygu Kizildag

Employees within the organization, which is also a political structure, conduct various behaviors in order to gain power or to stand up for their self. These behaviors, which are defined as political behavior, can create obstacles or negativities for other employees while they benefit from some of the employees and evaluate them positively. The political perception of behaviors and their positive or negative evaluations depends on the people, situation or time. Also, different generations can evaluate political behaviors from the varied perspective. In this context, the study aims to investigate the effect of generational differences on organizational political behavior perception. For this purpose, interviews with assumption questions based on three different scenarios were conducted with eight participants, who are the academic staff of Afyon Kocatepe University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences. After one-to-one interviews conducted as a pilot study, it was determined that generational differences have not a significant effect on the perception of political behavior.

245-258

Authors: Resul Ozturk, Suzan Coban

Political actors aim at persuading voters, who are the key elements of target market in order to win election by gaining a higher vote potential than their opponents. Whether voter preferences are shaped by political elements or by the effects of social environment has become the focus of the studies within the relevant literature. The main purpose of this study is to determine the effect of political marketing activities and word of mouth communication and to determine mediator role WOM communication on voter behaviours. The study is conducted in Konya on a sample consisting of 432 voters and the size of which is determined by convenience sampling method by using face-to-face survey method. Political marketing, word of mouth communication and voter behaviours are confirmed by structural equation modelling through confirmatory factor analysis. As a result of the study, political marketing activities and word of mouth communication are found to have a positive effect on voter behaviour. Furthermore, it is determined that word of mouth communication have mediator role in the effect of political marketing activities on voter behaviours.

277-296

Authors: Bilge Nur Ozturk, Serkan Akinci

In this research, the effect of advertising content on purchase intention through the consumers’ attitudes towards behavior depend on their environmental concern have questioned. For this purpose, two experiments were carried out using manipulated printed advertising banners. Three basic findings have been reached. First, results were support for the moderator role of environmental concern between advertising content and attitude toward behavior. Second, consumers’ attitudes toward behavior were determined to have a mediating role between advertising content and intent to purchase. The third finding is that the relationship between ad content and purchase intention, through the consumers’ attitude toward behavior were affected by the level of environmental concern. The research is based on the Planned Behavior Theory, which has a widespread use rate in consumer behavior studies. The research carried out in this framework has two important contributions. The first is that, within the conceptual model proposed, it has been determined when the consumer’s environmental concern affects green consumption behavior. Secondly, the research is carried out through the experimental design method through advertisements.