International Journal of Commerce and Finance

1-12

Authors: Ertuğrul Köse, Hüner Şencan

The performance of the manager, is partly related with decision-making competence. Making decisions properly at the right time and in the best period has the potential to increase the overall success of the manager. Decision-making which means comprehending, thinking, evalua-ting the alternatives and choosing one of the alternatives is a factor that affects manager’s performance directly and provides a competitive advantage for organisations. In this research, the relationships between decision-making competence and managerial performance were discus-sed. The main thesis of this research is that the managers who have high decision-making competence will have high managerial performance. The research was carried out with a population of 424 managers, subordinates, executives and customers/farmers. The evaluation of mana-gerial performance was conducted by taking the factors of subordinates, executives and customers into consideration. The research scales compiled from the literature review and measurement tools developed by the researcher were used in the research. The test of hypothesis was examined by the method of linear regression analysis. The results of this research provided that there was a statistically significant relationship between the decision-making competence of the managers and managerial performance. However, this preliminary study needs to be tested in other businesses and sectors because the data of this study were gathered from a single institution of business.

27-35

Authors: Hülya Aslan, Nilay Gemlik, Gülfer Bektaş

This research has been carried out in order to determine anger expression and anger management styles in operating room nurses. By applying an in-depth interview technique on operating room nurses working in a private hospital, a qualitative study has been performed in order to determine anger expression and anger management styles in operating room nurses. The interview consisted of ten questions such as demographic questions addressing the workers’ age, sex, education level and duration of employment in the organization they work, aiming to determine their anger expression and anger management styles. Since operating room environments contain various risk factors, and require active team work in a stressful dynamic setting under excessive workload, , it has been found that operating room nurses display their anger through loud speaking, fail to settle their anger positively, fail to control their anger in a behavioural pattern despite their cognitive awareness in anger management. Thus, it has been suggested that operating room nurses should be trained on anger management methods so that they can manage their anger in a stressful operating room environment.

61-70

Authors: Mehmet Saim Aşçı

Collective agreement system, which closely involves the content of social fabric and separation of powers in industrial society -some of the main problems constituting economic, political and judicial fabric of the society- and as the product of a historical development process, is applied in many countries as a dynamic process that is able to rapidly adapt to both changing economic and social conditions and changes in technological structure and plays the most effective role in determining employment conditions. A collective labor agreement is primarily formed for the purpose of improving working conditions of workers and to recover their material circumstances through other side benefits provided in goods and money in addition to salary increases. Naturally, aspiration of employees to benefit from collective labor agreement applied in the workp-lace they serve is for their self-interest. However, to be able to benefit from collective labor agreement, while only aspiring is not sufficient to utilize it; fulfilling a set of conditions is also necessary.

85-95

Authors: Serhat Yüksel, Mustafa Özsarı, İsmail Canöz

In this paper, we aimed to analyze the factors that affect currency risk of the banks. Within this scope, annual data of 23 deposit banks for the periods between 2005 and 2015 was evaluated. In addition to this situation, panel probit model was used in order to achieve this objective. Regarding the subject of the currency risk, this model was firstly used in this study. According to the results of the analysis, it was determined that 3 independent variables affect the currency risk of deposit banks in Turkey. Firstly, it was identified that there is a positive relationship between total assets and currency risk. This situation explains that when the size of the banks increases, they tend to take more currency risk. In addition to this variable, it was also defined that there is a direct relationship between economic growth and currency risk of the banks. This result refers that in case of an increment in the market stability; banks think that the market is safer and they increase their currency risk. Moreover, it was also concluded that there is a negative relationship between interest rate and currency risk of the banks. This aspect shows that when interest rate decreases, it will lower uncertainty in the market. Thus, banks would take higher currency risk in such markets

1-13

Authors: Ahmet Keleş, Ömer Özkan

The article is to show the twinning mechanism as a convergence tool in a states accession process. Since it’s beginning in 1998 more than 1300 projects have been carried out in the scope of candidate states’ convergence process. Due to these projects the states’ administrative and judicial systems have been restructured. Thus, the capacity of Union legislation’s applicability enhanced and the programs have been used to strengthen the institutional structures in all the sectors in the scope of instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance. Starting from the December 17, 2001 various funds were launched for use in Turkey in order to ensure compliance with the EU acquis communautaire within the accession process of the state and to facilitate the fulfillment of the obligations which are specified in the Accession Partnership Document and National Programme of Turkey. The EU funds and their use within the scope of the approach and the contributions provided to institutions implementing the projects to the Legislative System of Turkey are to be discussed in the research.

25-35

Authors: Özlem Aras

Companies need to produce their product and services with lower cost in order to survive in the competitive global market. That is why; firstly they need to define the visible and invisible cost of poor quality factors and then need to eliminate these Poor Quality Costs by utilizing the various improvement methodologies. In order to define the poor quality, firstly the project team members need to be assigned between the cross functional departments. Then, the current status needs to be defined step by step by utilizing the various methodologies such as Pareto Analyze etc. As a second step, Root Cause Analyze is performed, and lastly the actions and action plan are defined. All these steps are systematized with some methodologies such as PDAC, Practical Problem Solving (PPS), Six sigma DMAIC & 8D. In this study, it is aimed to decrease the Warranty Cost which is a factor of the Cost of Poor Quality in a factory in the Energy Sector. At the same time, it is aimed to decrease the customer complaints as well as to increase the customer satisfaction. The factors that cause the Warranty Cost have been defined in the Current Status Analyze. Pareto Analyze, Brainstorming, Fish Bone Analyze, Process Mapping, 5 Why Analyze etc. methodologies have been utilized in this study.

55-65

Authors: Abdallah Kamal Eldine

The majority of workers have many occasional difficulties that sometimes become a problem affecting the worker’s performance. When this will repeatedly fail to meet expectations, a serious problem may become the main reason which contributes to the job decline. Therefore, a pattern of reduced performance indicates the need for a supervisory action from managers. Poor performance could be reflected under three main categories, such as employee availability, employee productivity, and employee conduct. The reasons and causes of this poor performance could be a personal issue related to the employee. Many types of personal problems are affecting the job performance in organizations, such as marital strife, financial difficulties and child care complication. More serious difficulties and the abuse of these problems-if not resolved-may cause unending issues at work. This problem is highly important especially that it can affect the job performance and the company income. Moreover, it can simply result in the failure of the employee to meet the performance standards, which kills productivity. The purpose of this qualitative exploratory phenomenological study is to clarify the management role in dealing with employees personal issues in the Lebanese organizations as perceived by the lived experience of managers. The research instrument which will be used is a face-to-face structured interview with six managers of the major functions in different Lebanese organizations. The sample type will be by convenience.

81-90

Authors: Adnan Veysel Ertemel, Ahmad Ammoura

P Consumer buying behavior is known also as consumer decision making is the process by which individuals search for, select, purchase, use, and dispose of goods and services to satisfy require needs. This study has been designed to answer main question about the role of social media advertising on consumer buying behavior in very active field which is fashion retail industry, then determine the differences if existed in this relation regarding to the name of the brands and consumer demographics factors. By electronic questionnaires conducted for consumers live in Istanbul-Turkey, findings showed weak relation between social media advertising and consumer need recognition, no relation at all with search for information, strong relation with evaluate the alternatives, and moderate relation for both buying decision and post-purchase behavior, as those steps represent the five steps need recognition model in consumer buying behavior. Moreover, findings showed no changes in this relation regarding to consumer’s age, and education level. However, there were changes between Females and males in the relation with consumer need recognition, and search for information. In addition, another changes regarding to income between social media advertising and evaluate the alternatives especially for consumers earn more than 5.000TL among other income groups.

103-111

Authors: Figen Yıldırım, Özgür Çengel, Cihad Demirli, Ali Altuğ Biçer, Mehmet Sağlam

It is seen that education institutes use many techniques to increase the quality of the services being provided. However, as competition in the education sector has been rising dramatically, it is hard to differentiate the services offered. In this perspective, it is becoming hard to attract and keep loyal learners in education institutes. So, lifelong learning and continuing professional development are the two tools that enhance the level of loyalty to the education institutes. In this study, an attempt has been made to understand the factors that define learner’s loyalty in the Vocational Education Institutes. In addition, the relation of trust to the Institute, satisfaction, and learner’s loyalty variables to the service quality will be researched. In this sense, 184 questionnaires have been conducted to students who have attended the Public Oversight Board Education Program offered by Istanbul Commerce University’s Lifelong Learning Center. Data has been analyzed by Structural Equation Modelling. According to the results of the study, education institutes who deal solely with the issue of trust, satisfaction, and learner’s loyalty can have the potential to keep their learners on hand on a life-long basis thereby earning their loyalty to the fullest extent.

125-136

Authors: Beliz Ülgen, Mehmet Sağlam, Türker Tuğsal

The paper seeks to offer a contribution to the extent literature on the role of managers’ personality characteristics over management styles and decision-making styles. We have prepared a questionnaire which consists of Girgin’s (2007) personality scale adaptation from Goldberg (1992), Kurban’s (2015) decision-making scale adopted from Scott and Bruce (1995), and Yıldızhan’s (2012) management style scale. The questionnaire is conducted among managers and employees in various sectors in Istanbul via the single random sampling method. Frequency analysis is applied to descriptive findings. In order to determine reliability and validity of the scales, reliability and factor analysis are performed. We have focused on investigating the impact of managers’ personality traits on management styles and decision-making styles by applying the Multivariate Regression Model and Correlation Analysis. The result of the factor analysis revealed that the three dimensions (extraversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness) of big-five personality traits have a significant effect on some dimensions of managers’ decision making and management styles.

147-156

Authors: Serhat YUKSEL, Sinemis Zengin

In this paper, we tried to determine the relationship between imports, exports and growth rate in developing countries. Within this scope, 6 developing countries (Argentina, Brazil, China, Malaysia, Mexico and Turkey) were analyzed in this study. In order to achieve this purpose, annual data for the periods between 1961 and 2014 was tested by using Engle Granger co-integration analysis, Vector Error Correction Model and Toda Yamamoto causality analysis. According to the result of the analysis, it was determined that there is not any relationship among three variables in Brazil and Mexico. On the other hand, we defined that increase in export causes higher growth rate in Argentina. Moreover, it was concluded that there is a causal relationship from import to export in China and Turkey. Furthermore, it was determined that export causes higher import in Malaysia. Therefore, it can be concluded that the relationship between import, export and growth rate is not same for all developing countries..

169-176

Authors: Tsung-Ju Yang, Yi-Chen Tu, Ching-Sung Shen

Many companies and salesmen try to build and maintain long-term relationship with their customer. The influences of relationship marketing activities are important issue of the housing brokerage Market. The aims of study are to learn the impacts of relationship marketing on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in the housing brokerage Market. The researchers survey the customers and use the regression analysis method to test the relationships between relationship marketing, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in Taiwan. The research results show that the relationship marketing positively impacts on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty, then customer satisfaction positively impacts on customer loyalty. Customer satisfaction plays a mediating role between relationship marketing and customer loyalty. Besides, the study confirm that brokers’ expertise moderates the relationship of relationship marketing process. The findings suggest that the brokers’ relationship marketing and expertise empirically impact on the customers.