Science almanac of Black sea region countries

4

Authors: Zhdanov Yuri

-

5

Authors: Zhdanov Yuri

-

7

Authors: Hiyasova Sarat, Mustafaeva Maida, Mustafaev Farid

Based on various examples, including ones with Dagestan national culture, where a place and role of prejudices and stereotypes in cross-cultural communication are analyzed. Factors in the creation of stereotypes in communication activities involved in business language were identified. There are positive and negative factors that deserve to be emphasized with the presence of stereotypes in the modern culture and in people's minds. An integrated approach to co-education and interaction, relation to formation of stereotypes among youth, older generation and representatives of different nationalities. The analysis of research is of scientific and practical interest for training specialists of Mass Media, public relations, in the practice of usage of problematic-developing education technologies. A negative undertone of prejudices can be over-come by education and changes of public morality. The can also disappear as a result of collapse with existing standards of conduct in a society. New aspects of professional educational activities in teaching and communication in the process of sociocultural exchange were highlighted. An overall result of the analysis is that albeit particularly challenging and almost impossibility of elimination of stereotypes from a modern soci-ocultural life it is necessary to make joint efforts to overcome negative thinking in cross-cultural communication

8

Authors: Shestakov Yuri

The article analyzes the interaction of the levels of historical consciousness in the context of the formation of the culture of national security. The structure of histori-cal consciousness as a special kind of social consciousness usually includes two main levels: scientific (theoretical, ideological) and ordinary (empirical, psychological and emotional). It is stated that the historical science and philosophy of history are conditioned by the General cultural determinants of mass historical consciousness, which make up the matrix of historical memory and "grow" primarily on the basis of the ordinary level of historical consciousness. The advantage of the mythologized ordinary level of historical consciousness is that it allows to transfer moral imperatives, which are guided by the national-state community, which is the essence of its cultural identi-ty, from the sphere of the present limited by the various conditions of cash by "rooting" in history to the aspect of due. On the other hand, bearing in mind the inter-interests of national security, it is necessary to strengthen the role of historical science and philos-ophy of history in the fight against non cultural manifestations of historical conscious-ness, which are based, or rather parasitize, on such a fundamental characteristic of the empirical, ordinary, socio-psychological level of historical consciousness as mythologi-zation. The danger of uncontrolled mythologization of historical consciousness is that society, under the influence of overly emphasized by the myth of emotional and evalu-ative components (including a variety of phobias and stereotypes), can succumb either to the temptations of the present archaization or modernization of the past. The thesis that it is the theoretical, scientific level of historical consciousness that plays a leading role in the formation of national consciousness is sufficiently justified, since the for-mation of the nation is associated with the modernization processes, with the formation of the foundations of industrial society as a stage of development of the world historical process, unthinkable without the leading, "cultural" role of science in the spiritual sphere of society in relation to ordinary social consciousness. It seems reasonable that the ways to solve the urgent problem of formation of the historical consciousness that meets the modern requirements of national security culture, alien to both cultural re-finement (the formation of which is associated with the downplaying of the role of the ordinary level of historical consciousness), and falsification on the basis of destructive mythologization (associated with the minimization of the role of its theoretical level), are to promote historical science, philosophical and historical knowledge by means of liv-ing, everyday language, as well as in the institutionalization of this process.

10

Authors: Ageeva Nataliia, Shapoval Galina

In the Russian Federation the task of providing conditions for sustainable demographic development of the country has been priority for many years. On the 9th of October, 2007 the Conception of the population policy of the Russian Federation until 2025 was approved by the Decree of the President of Russia. The plan of its realization measures has already given favorable results. In 2017 the selective observation of reproductive plans of the population was held in the territory of the Crimean Federal District. The census has revealed the general ideas of desires and fears of men and women connected with starting a family and the birth of the first and the next children. This information has given the chance for development of a complex of the actions focus-ing on improvement of birth rate indicators and decrease of mortality indicators. The article considers the effective measures for stimulation of birth rate and promoting of family values among young people, since the period of their studies at college and at the university: celebration in honor of professional dynasties and young families, congratulation them on wedding and child's birth, providing young parents with benefits, etc. Measures, focusing on material support of large families: improvement of qualities of life and health care, possibility of self-realization and career development will be in demand among middle-aged people. The state national security directly depends on achievements of population policy of the state that is realizable only in the context of creation of conditions for full development of the personality and efficiency of activity of all citizens of the country. The authors consider that the people confident in future will build close-knit families and implement their reproductive plans without fear.