The Animal Biology

9-16

Authors: Г. Я. Базака, В. Б. Духницький, В. Д. Іщенко

Neonicotinoids are the insecticides of systemic and contact-intestinal action with translaminar activity. In agriculture it is applied against sucking, leaf-eating insects and soil pests, treatments for vegetative crops and as seed disinfectants. For Neonicotinoids the action on the nervous system of pests is characteristic. Experiments were conducted at the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine and the vivarium of the Veterinary Medicine Faculty of NULES of Ukraine. It was determined that the parameters of the acute toxicity of insecticides Mospilan, which has Acetamiprid as a main active ingredient in its composition, that belongs to a relatively new class of pesticides — Neonicotinoids. The experiments were carried out on white mice. Laboratory animals were housed in vivarium conditions. It was established that the toxic effects of Mospilan during intragastric administration to white mice is developed by action of the drug in doses of 500 mg/kg and above. Absolute lethal dose (DL 100 )=1000 mg/kg. Calculations were made to determine the median lethal dose DL 50 and intermediate doses DL 84 and DL 16 . To estimate the median lethal dose the G. Kerber method was used. Standard error of measurement (m) of the median lethal dose was calculated by the method of K. Miller and M. Teynter. Established, that the average of lethal of this drug was 656.25±80.10 mg/kg of body weight. According to the classification of chemicals relatively to the degree of hazard it belongs to the third class. In concordance with the classification of substances for toxicity it refers to low-toxic. For quantitative evaluation of skin-resorptive drug action a suspension of Mospilan with Dimethylsulfoxidum was used. Established that Mospilan in accordance with Hygienic classification of substances for skin-resorptive toxicity belongs to class III toxicity (DL 50 > 2000 mg/kg).

23-28

Authors: Т. Б. Васильєва, Г. А. Завірюха

In the prevention of colibacillosis of calves achieved some success, but the problem is still far from its full resolution. The results of the study of pathogenic and immunogenic properties of a strain of E. coli IBM-1 daly basis for the development of new drugs. The aim was to compare the immunogenic properties of the toxins of different strains of E. coli, to examine the ability of E. coli strain exotoxin IBM-1 cause an immune response and to investigate the state of natural resistance on indicators opsono-phagocytic reaction serum after immunization vaccine «Metakol». Infection was performed daily cultures of the respective strains to determine the lethal dose. Found that in comparison with other field strains of E. coli strain E. coli IBM-1 causes 100 % killing of laboratory animals after parenteral dosing LD 100 = 850 x 10 6 CFU/c 3 . Results from the study of immunogenic properties of the vaccine «Metakol» show that animals immunized with vaccine research groups comprising the E. coli strain IBM-1 with protection against colibacillosis by 70–80 %. Established that immunization of heifers before calving vaccine «Metakol» activates the process of phagocytosis by 7 % and its intensity by 6 % compared with unvaccinated livestock heifers. It was established that the drug has the ability to create specific immunity against other strains of E. coli, as well as a means for the prevention and treatment of colibacillosis of young animals. In the long term continuation of studies on the immunogenic properties of the vaccine strain of E. coli IBM-1 to create new products.