The Journal of Middle East and North Africa Sciences

1-8

Authors: Nouran Tawfik; Osama Saeed Sandhu; Vishal Ramjas; Arpit Jain; Rholter M. Lee; Fioni Fioni; Pousette Hamid

Triple negative breast cancer TNBC is the type of breast cancer that does not have Estrogen receptor, Progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptors 2 (HER2) when stained with the Immunohistochemistry stains. As it’s lacking the targets for most chemotherapy medications, it has a more aggressive course, a poor prognosis, higher chances of relapse and usually diagnosed at a later stage. In this review, we are illustrating how the immune system can be manipulated to attack the micro-environment that the cancer creates to escape and thrive. Also, we are discussing the signaling pathways of the immune system on which the immunotherapy medications were based and the different chemotherapy options that are used in the same regiment for management of TNBC.