Centro Agrícola

14-23

Authors: Carlos Alberto Sangoquiza Caiza1,2* Yosvel Viera Tamayo2 Carlos Fernando Yánez Guzmán3 José Luis Zambrano Mendoza3

Corn is one of the most economically important cereals in the world, ranking second after wheat. Among the great diversity of varieties of Zea mays L. that are cultivated in Cuba, is the "Tayuyo" variety. Currently, there are no studies that evaluate the effect of the salinity of this variety. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of saline stress on the growth of seedlings of maize variety "Tayuyo" under in vitro conditions. It was carried out at the Plant Tissue Cultivation Laboratory belonging to the Center for Plant Biotechnology Studies (CEBVEG) of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences (FCA) of the University of Granma (UDG), Cuba. In which the range of tolerance to salinity of corn plants was evaluated in vitro using a basal culture medium (6 % agar and distilled water) with different levels of electrical conductivity (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 dS m-1) adjusted with the NaCl reagent. For this research, an experimental design of random blocks was used with three replications where they evaluated; germination percentage, number of roots, length of the primary root, plant height, number of leaves per plant, weight of fresh matter and the index of tolerance to salinity was calculated. The results revealed that the evaluated plants are tolerant to salinity up to 2 dS m-1. In general, the increase in salinity levels caused a delay in germination but not in the germination percentage at eight days after sowing. On the other hand, the rest of the variables showed a downward trend with increasing salinity levels.

31-36

Authors: Alberto Espinosa Cuéllar, Jaime Enrique Simó González, Osvaldo Triana Martín, Orestes García Hernández

The research was developed at the Tropical Crops Research Institute, with the aim of defining the best planting distance of the banana clone 'Manzano INIVIT'. It was planted on a carbonated soft brown soil. Fourth plantation frames of 3.50 m x 2.00 m were used; 3.50 m x 2.50 m; 3.50 m x 3.00 m and 3.50 m x 3.50 m. The evaluations made were, plant height, pseudostem perimeter, number of leaves in flowering and harvest, bunch weight and agricultural yield. The height of the plant showed its lowest values in the intermediate distances. The thickness of the pseudostem presented the highest value with the distances between plants 3.50 m and 3.0 m of planting density. Regarding the number of leaves at flowering, there were no significant differences between the treatments. The number of hands ranged from 9 to 10 hands per bunch, the distance 3.50 m x 3.00 m being the lowest value compared to the other distances used. The number of fingers per cluster was 115 to 123, where the distance 3.50 m x 3.00 m reached the lowest values. Regarding the weight of the bunch, the highest weights were reached with the distance 3.50 m x 3.50 m. In turn, the best yields were obtained with the distances 3.50 m x 2.00 m and 3.50 m x 2.50 m, the values were 19.29 and 17.71 t ha-1

47-56

Authors: Enildo Osmani Abreu Cruz, Ramón Liriano González, Alejandro Aquino Arencibia, Jovana Pérez Ramos

The research was developed with the objective of evaluating the effect of QuitoMax® on the yield of garlic cultivation under organoponic conditions, clone “Chileno”, for this, four treatments were studied: T1 (control treatment, without the application of the product); T2 (100 mg ha-1); T3 (150 mg ha-1) and T4 (200 mg ha-1). The experiment was developed in the organoponic belonging to the Urban Farm, located at the University of Matanzas, a substrate made up of 80 % soil (red Ferralitic) and 20 % organic matter was used, arranged in a completely randomized design. Samples were carried out at 30 and 60 days after planting the crop to determine the agromorphological variables: number of leaves, height of the plants and diameter of the base of the bulb and at the time of harvest, the yield variables were measured: the weight of the bulb, its equatorial and polar width and the number of teeth. The behavior of the morphological and performance indicators did not allow to define in a significant way a stimulating effect of QuitoMax®, in the doses evaluated on the biological performance of garlic with respect to the control treatment, under the established study conditions. In the variables height of the plants and number of leaves, a positive response of the crop was evidenced in the period of greatest growth with the best response in the dose of 150 mg ha-1.

74-78

Authors: Yatniel Escobar Perea, Belyani Vargas Batis, Yordi Mauro Ramos García, Ernesto Jesús Rodríguez Suárez, Orledis Rodríguez Osoria, Rubert Rodríguez Fonseca

The objective was to evaluate some physical properties of the soil in four suburban farms in Santiago de Cuba. Soil samples were taken and the volumetric weight, apparent density, real density, porosity and humidity were determined. Among the farms, a similar statistical behavior of the evaluated properties was obtained. The volumetric weight varied from 1.18 to 1.32 g cm-3, the apparent density between 1.04 and 1.24 g cm-3, the real density from 2.27 to 2.59 g cm-3, the porosity ranged from 51 to 53 % and the humidity from 6.1 to 11.4 %.