Centro Agrícola

14-22

Authors: Alejando Díaz Medina, Yasel López Pérez, Claribel Suárez Pérez, Lesly Díaz Suárez

The quality of coffee seedlings obtained in nurseries is a determining factor in the achievement of highly productive plantations. Was carried out an experiment in Tope de Collantes, with the objective to evaluate the effect of FitoMas-E and two proportions of organic matter in the substrate on the growth of coffee seedlings in the nursery stage. Was evaluated the effectiveness of four dose concentrations of FitoMas-E (0, 2, 4 and 6 ml L-1), and two soil proportions - organic matter (bovine manure) in the substrate (3:1 and 5:1), about the growth of the seedlings, with an experimental design totally randomized with bifactorial arrangement. The height of the plant, diameter of the shaft, foliar area and total dry mass of the seedlings to the were evaluated seven months after seeds were set down. The results evidence that the application of FitoMas-E it influences positively in the growth of the coffee seedlings, with increments of their efficiency, in the measure that the doses are increased independently of the conformation of the substrate. The dose of 6 ml L-1 was the most efficient and it was evidenced that with the application of the bioprepared it is possible to diminish the levels of organic matter in the substrate, without affecting the quality of the coffee seedling.

28-36

Authors: Alexander Calero Hurtado, Yanery Pérez Díaz, Elieni Quintero Rodríguez, Yainier González-Pardo Hurtado

The use of adequate plant densities can be a key and important factor to increasing rice productivity (Oryza sativa L.). Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the influence of four population densities (DP) on the growth and agricultural production of rice. The INCA-LP-5 cultivar was managed between April and August 2016. The treatments were distributed in a randomized block design, with four population densities (250,000, 350,000, 450,000 and 550,000 plants ha-1) and five replications. The effects of the PD were verified by observing the following parameters: evaluated the following indicators, plant height (cm), tiller number per hill, number of panicles per m2, number of grains per panicle, panicle length (cm), 1000 grains weight (g) and grain yield (t ha-1). The results indicated that the DP of 450,000 plant ha-1 showed the best results in rice productivity. These results were possible because the DP of 450,000 plants ha-1 increased the morphological and productive parameters in relation to the other densities studied. The findings of this study indicated that the use of optimal plant densities plays a fundamental role in the growth and productivity of rice, which leads to a sustainable development of the crop.

43-51

Authors: Nayivis Del Sol-Rodríguez, Dagoberto Guillén-Sánchez, Irán Alia-Tejacal, Porfirio Juárez-López, Victor López-Martínez

The production of fig (Ficus carica L.) in Mexico has become very important in recent years, due to the growing demand in the international market. The state of Morelos stands out as the main fig producer nationwide. The municipalities of Villa de Ayala, Tepalcingo and Axochiapan concentrate the highest productivity, however, serious affectations by some diseases such as rust caused by Cerotelium fici (Butler) Arthur have caused losses in crop yield. The objective of the work was to determine the incidence and severity of this disease, in two periods during the crop cycle. Representative samples with symptoms were taken in commercial plots of three municipalities in the state of Morelos. The incidence of the fungus and its severity were evaluated using a visual estimation scale, during February-March and August-October 2019. Six evaluations were made with weekly frequency during the cycle. The fungus was morphologically identified using taxonomic keys. The presence of C. fici uredospores was confirmed and it was determined that rust was present in both periods, with a higher incidence in the months of February and March (dry period). The municipalities of Villa de Ayala and Axochiapan, had the greatest affectations with 45 to 70 % severity.

61-65

Authors: Caridad González Fernández, Nereyda Mestre Novoa, Jorge L. Rodríguez Tapia, Doris Hernández Espinosa

In Cuba, the cultivation of acerola (Malphigiae marginata D. C.) is still very limited, although it is an attractive fruit with a pleasant taste and with a recognized nutritional value. The Information on the pests that affect this fruit in Cuba is scarce. From January 2015 to April 2016, periodic evaluations were carried out in the acerola plantation at the Scientific Technological Base Unit in Alquízar and in plants located in the town of La Lisa, Havana City. The presence of Cerococcus dekleiKosztarab and Vest (Hemiptera: Cerococcidae) is reported for he first time, causing damage to the foliage of the acerola.

72-82

Authors: Bret Gary Luque Zúñiga, Khiara Aliyah Bet Moreno Salazar Calderón , Teresa Margarita Lanchipa Ale

Agriculture during COVID-19 has been affected internationally, affecting food security. This article presents how COVID-19 has impacted on the system that makes up the activity of agriculture, this being the main source of food that supplies the population, generating income for small farmers and their families, which contribute to food security of the different countries of the world. The present study is a descriptive systematic review, based on theoretical contributions, the objective was to analyze the current situation of agriculture in relation to COVID-19 pandemic. The methodology consisted in the compilation of scientific articles and official publications in the public domain of academic, technological, scientific and governmental institutions. The results focused on: the impacts of COVID-19 on agriculture, concern for food security, social impacts on agriculture, and government commitment. Finally, it is considered that COVID-19 would generate impacts on agriculture and food security, this would bring a food crisis, and it is still rash to affirm the above because the pandemic has not yet ended.