Centro Agrícola

5-12

Authors: Germán Andrés Aguilera Arango, Janneth Cecilia Ortiz Cabrera

Valle del Cauca is perceived as one of the most important departments in Colombia, which bases its economy on agriculture. Among the effects that occur in the production units, the presence of giant African snail (Lissachatina fulica) has been detected, which has become a problem in the region, due to its voracity towards a wide variety of crops, including fruits and vegetables. The objective of the present study was to determine the current geographical distribution of L. fulica in productive farms of Valle del Cauca. For this, plant species of economic importance for the department were monitored as hosts and food source. Between February 2016 and July 2019, 1899 properties were visited, located in 41 of the 42 municipalities of Valle del Cauca. In each crop, transects in “zigzag” forms were traversed, in which 30 plants were sampled randomly in order to observe the presence of L. fulica. African snail was found in 14 productive systems such as avocado, chili, citrus, pomegranate, soursop, guava, lettuce, mango, passion fruit, papaya, plantain, pineapple, tomato and grape, located in 61 farms distributed in 11 municipalities of the department, among that stand out La Unión and Toro. Also, there was a dispersion grouped into three concentration cores, located geographically in the north, center and south of the department. In this way, the study generates base information on the current geographical distribution of L. fulica in Valle del Cauca.

22-27

Authors: María Caridad Jiménez Arteaga, Luis Gustavo González Gómez, Ana Julia Verdecia Corría, Anabel Oliva Lahera

The work was carried out in the "Cerca Blanca" seed farm with the objective of comparing the effect of three biostimulants on bean cultivation, sown in two periods, when applied to the seeds, before sowing. The treated seeds were sown under a completely randomized design at a distance of 0.70 m between rows and 0.07 m between plants. The following variables were evaluated: number of legumes per plants, number of seeds per legume, mass of one thousand seeds (g) and agricultural yield (t ha-1). The best results corresponded to the treatment where Azofert F® was applied for the two planting periods, with an agricultural yield of 2.57 and 0.869 t ha-1, followed by treatment with QuitoMax® (2.11 and 0.774 t ha-1). The control treatment was the one with the lowest yield for both periods (1.27 and 0.46 t ha-1). Azofert F® is the bioproduct that most affects performance during both periods.

38-44

Authors: Maydolis Agüero Cabrera, Roberto Valdés Herrera, Edilberto Pozo Velázquez

The need to eliminate chemical products and the search for ecological alternatives for the control of pests in stored grains based on vegetable powders, motivated the determination of the effect of milled powders of Piper auritum Kunth on Sitophilus oryzae L. for this P. auritum was prepared in different variants and drying temperatures, in two phenological phases: vegetative and reproduction-flowering, dried in the sun and shade, in three temperatures (35, 45 and 60 ° C). Six insects were placed in four replicates for each treatment, the deaths caused in the treatments were recorded and compared. In the vegetative phenological state, dried in the sun, the best efficiencies of P. auritum powder were obtained when the material was dried at 45 and 60 ° C, with 38 and 45 % mortality respectively, while in the shade, the dried material at 35 ° C he achieved 100 % mortality, this being the best treatment of all. The leaves of this plant (dried in the shade and milled) can be used for the control of S. oryzae in stored grains.

50-54

Authors: Mónica Tamayo Isaac, Dalgis Gerrero Barriel, Osmany Aday Díaz, René Barbosa García, Pablo Pablos Reyes

Determining which fungal genera grew on orange rust uredospores of the B80250 variety was the objective of this work, carried out in the Phytopathology laboratory of the South East Sugar Cane Research Station. The confirmation and certification of the isolates was carried out by the Plant Health Mycology Laboratory of Santiago de Cuba. ImageJ Software was used to measure microorganisms and their structures. Orange rust uredospores showed internal dark colorations and complete colonization by fungal growths. For the first time, fungal genera were isolated in uredospores from Puccinia kuehnii (Krüger) Butler in Cuba.

61-68,

Authors: Dailín Rodríguez Tassé, René Nivardo Barbosa García, Adrián García Perú, Alexeis Urquiza Ricardo

The experimental work was carried out during the wet period of the Integral Weed Control Campaign, in plantations of the cold season (June - December) of 2018, in the Sugarcane Growers Farm “Vitalio Acuña”, belonging to the Sugar Mill Dos Ríos, Santiago de Cuba. The objective was to assess the effectiveness of two planting methods for weed management in sugarcane. The experiment was laid out in split plot design using three replications, each plot contained 14 furrows of 100 m long, on a cambisol soil. In each planting methods the weeds coverage at 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after the application of herbicide were determined and field closure was evaluated. The Environmental Impact Coefficient and the pollutant load to the atmosphere were determined. Field closure in dual furrow system occurred 60 days before the traditional one, thus limiting the presence of weeds. There were significant differences between the two planting systems. Traditional plantation required four more tasks for weed control. The performance of more control tasks increased the environmental impact coefficient and the expulsion of polluting gases into the atmosphere. The most effective planting method for weed control in sugarcane was dual furrow system, which at the same time reduces pollution to the environment.