Centro Agrícola

5-12

Authors: Daniel Perales-Rosas, Ricardo Hernández-Pérez, Dagoberto Guillén Sánchez, Víctor López Martínez, Irán AliaTejacal, Porrio Juárez López

The effect of the Poncho®, Cruiser® 5 FS and Tools® TS insecticides applied in sorghum seed treatment (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) on the germination, incidence and severity of M. sacchari/sorghi and agronomic variables was evaluated. The hybrid genotype sorghum used was Ambar 752E443K (Asgrow®). The treatments consisted in the application of Poncho® at doses 4, 5, 6 and 8 mL kg-1 of seed; Cruiser® 5 FS at a dose of 2.5, 3.5, 5 and 7 mL kg-1 of seed; Tools® TS at doses 5, 6, 7 and 9 g kg-1 of seeds and an absolute control treatment. No negative effects of the treatments were observed on the germination, with germination exceeding 96 % in all treatments. Doses of insecticides not exhibit a controlling effect on the populations of M. sacchari/sorghi. The effect of the insecticide treatments was not positive in the agronomic variables plant height, fresh leaf weight, fresh stem prisoner, fresh panicle weight, fresh grain weight, chlorophyll content and Brix degrees.

21-29

Authors: Juan José Reyes Pérez, Emmanuel Alexander Enríquez Acosta, Miguel Ángel Ramírez Arrebato, Aida Tania Rodríguez Pedroso, Marisol Rivero Herrada

With the objective of evaluating the influence of Chitosan on seedlings of tomato cultivars, an experiment was developed in shaded mesh house conditions, with control of temperature, relative humidity. Eight treatments were used which resulted from the combination of Pomodoro and Floradade tomato cultivars with three doses of Chitosan 1, 2 and 3 g L-1 and a control without application. The treatments were distributed in a completely randomized design with three repetitions. 21 days after germination, evaluations were made to variables related to the growth and development of the crop. The data were subjected to a multivariate analysis of principal components with Biplot representation and a double variance analysis and multiple means comparison were subsequently performed. When applying the principal component analysis two new variables were formed (C1, C2) that managed to explain 91.24 % of the total variance of the experiment. C1 presented the highest contribution with 85.66 %, which was characterized by the fresh and dry mass of the stem, the fresh and dry mass of the leaves, the fresh mass of the root, the diameter and length of the stem, as well as the concentration of N, P and K, in the foliar part of the plant. The analysis of variance showed that the doses that caused a greater positive effect on the cultivars in most of the variables evaluated were 1 and 2 g L-1.

44-52

Authors: Segundo Ramiro Mora Quilismal, Edith Aguila Alcantara, Vinicio Revelo Ruales, Hernán Benavides Rosales, Luis Balarezo Urresta

The present investigation assessed the effect of two biofertilizers Fosfotic and Safer micorrizas, alone or in combination, as complement to reductions in phosphorus chemical fertilizer, in the potato production in Andisols from Carchi. A field experiment with randomized block design (four replicates and 10 treatments) was carried out at the San Francisco Experimental Center of the Carchi State Polytechnic University between November 2017 and May 2018. The treatments used were selected from a previous experiment conducted in this same entity the previous year. The number and weight of tubers per plant, total and caliber production and total yield were evaluated, root dry weight and foliage phosphorus content were determined at 120 days; In addition, nutrient recovery efficiency was calculated. An economic analysis of the evaluated treatments was also performed. The combination of better productive results, greater efficiency in phosphorus absorption and good economic results was that of the treatment where the phosphorus fertilizer was reduced by 75 %, combined with both biofertilizers, followed by the treatment where the chemical fertilizer was reduced to 25 % and combined with safer mycorrhizae. The double reciprocal regression evidenced the influence of phosphorus on the production and quality of tubers. These treatments had a cost benefit ratio above 0.90, higher than the treatment with chemical fertilization.

61-64

Authors: Eulalia Gómez Santiesteban, Yusmila Guevara Verdecia, Ana N. San Juan Rodríguez, Teresita Lemes Rodríguez, Marlyn Pérez Rodríguez, Yusnel Cutiño

The use of plant growth promoting diazotrophic bacteria has occupied an important place in agricultural microbiology, Azospirillum being among the most promising. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of NITROFIX® on the radical development of three varieties of sugarcane. Evaluations were made in plastic pots with a capacity of 2 Kg, placed on wooden supports to the environment with three varieties of cane, through an experimental design of randomized blocks with three replicas and three treatments: (C, T1, T2). The inoculation of Azospirillum sp., it provoked a stimulating response on the radical growth, which is why NITROFIX® is considered as a promising alternative of biofertilization in sugarcane plants.

65-68

Authors: Daina Rodríguez Miranda, Horacio Grillo Ravelo

The presence of insects is very common in poultry facilities. Some of these insects can transmit diseases so it is very important to know which species inhabit them. In this way, effective control measures can be used to help reduce the presence of insects. Information on this subject is scarce, therefore the objective was to determine the main taxonomic groups of insects present in the quail droppings, in a poultry farm in the central area of the province of Villa Clara. The results highlight the presence of the housefly, species of the order Diptera is a plague of relevance in poultry production.