Turkish Journal of Forestry

1-10

Authors: Mücahit COŞKUN, Ahmet ÖZTÜRK

In the study, the morphometric parameters of Ermenek River Basin (ERB) and Gökçay Basin (GB) have been analyzed, as comparatively aim to contribute to the prioritization of the watersheds in terms of natural resource management. In the study, 23 parameters, including linear, areal, and relief morphometries were calculated. The data infrastructure of the research was created by using the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) obtained from ALOS PALSAR (Advanced Land Observing Satellite-1, Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar Mission) satellite images with a resolution of 12.5 m in determining the stream streams used in the analysis, the Strahler method was taken into account, and the measurements were made using the ArcMap 10.4.1 program. According to the results based on parameter calculations, the ratio of ERB to GB; impermeable (Rb, RL, Fs, If, Re, Rn), circular (Lum, lo, T, Ff, Rc, Kg), high slope value (H, Rh, Rhp, Rn), geomorphologically closer to old age (Hc, Hi), and also indirectly determined to be a basin with high flood sensitivity and erosion susceptibility. According to the data obtained, it has been understood that ERB has a higher priority than GB in terms of natural resource management due to these potential problems in the soil and water resources.

21-29

Authors: Burak BAŞ, Ramazan ÖZÇELİK

Taurus cedar (Cedrus libani A. Rich.) forests are economically and ecologically one of the most important forests in Turkey. In this context, knowing the state and limitations of growth and yield of Cedar forests is necessary and important for improving future management and planning strategies. Diameter distribution models are provide information for data about horizontal stand structure and each diameter class: number of trees, basal area, and volume per unit area. These predictions is used to predict volume yield and to forecast the range of products. In this study, diameter distribution models were developed for natural cedar stands in Antalya Region. Many different probability density functions such as log-normal, exponential, gamma, beta, Weibull, and Johnson’s SB have been used to describe diameter distributions. Johnson’s SB function are among the most commonly used in forest research because of their flexibility in mimicking the emprical distributions. In this study, Johnson’s SB distribution was used for modeling diameter disrtributions of natural cedar stands. For this aim, 109 sample plots measured from natural distribution areas of natural cedar stands. The obtained results from observed and predicted diameter distributions of sample plots were compared using Error index and Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test. The results show good performance of three-parameter recovery method. The major advantage of 3-parameter recovery method relies on the reduced level of input information required.

38-50

Authors: Nevzat GÜRLEVİK, Zeynep GÜRDAL, Mehmet KORKMAZ

The continuous increase in the population and the demand for woody raw materials increases the pressure on forest resources in Turkey. Establishing short-rotation plantations with fast growing tree species on appropriate sites is seen as a possible solution. In this context, General Directorate of Forestry has initiated some activities within the framework of an action plan. However, there are serious concerns about the success of these activities. In this study, a survey was conducted to determine the point of view of the forest engineers and the private company representatives working in Burdur-Bucak region. Forest engineers who participated in the survey stated that industrial plantations are not a priority activity in this region and there are many problems in implementation. While the idea of establishing afforestation on open fields for industrial purposes was supported, the idea of converting existing natural forests into plantations was opposed. Company representatives, on the other hand, support the industrial plantations in the region, especially indicating the potential benefits in terms of employment and supply of raw material. In order to reach more comprehensive results on industrial plantations, these activities should be followed up in the coming years and their positive and negative aspects should be examined.

58-63

Authors: İbrahim BEKTAŞ, Gonca DÜZKALE SÖZBİR, Ayşenur KILIÇ AK

Today, there is an increasing trend towards the use of forest products in the form of composites, since the use of forest products as a solid material cannot adequately meet the demand and increases the cost of use. For this reason, fiber boards (MDF), which is one of the basic raw materials of the forest products industry and manufactured from wood-based raw materials, were chosen as the test material. Additives with various properties (beech fiber, degraded beech fiber and active carbon) were added at different rates (2.5%, 5%, 7.5%) into the polyurethane (PU) glue. Then, the effects on the dimensional stability of the board during the joining and bonding processes were investigated by applying adhesive with filler on the surface of the medium density standard fiber boards. Shiitake (Lentinus edodes) fungi was used to degrade beech fibers. In the test samples prepared for this purpose, water absorption values and thickness swelling tests were performed at 2 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h and 336 h (2 weeks). As a result of the statistical analyzes of the obtained data, it was determined that the addition of additives had a significant effect on the water absorption and thickness swelling values of the samples at the confidence level (p<0.05). At the same time, in the water absorption values according to the sample group averages, the best values were measured in the additive of active carbon, and the worst in the degraded beech fiber group. Likewise, in thickness swelling tests, the best results were obtained in additive of beech fiber and the worst in additives of degraded beech fiber and active carbon samples. In line with these results, it is suggested that it is more suitable in terms of dimensional stability to be used in the related areas, considering the minimum water absorption and minimum expansion times and additive sample groups in the joining and bonding-like processes of fiberboards.

69-78

Authors: Gülay TOKGÖZ, Asuman AYSU, Sebahat Sinem ÖZYURT ÖKTEN

The characteristics of ecosystems in terms of quality and quantity are changing and the pressure on natural resources is increasing in parallel with the rapid population growth. This change creates serious problems on land cover/land use and puts the risk on sustainable use of resources.. Therefore, potential analysis of ecosystem services has great importance in the land use management process. In this study, the effect of land cover/land use change on ecosystem services was investigated in Adana Sarıçam district. An expert-focused matrix method approach was used to assess the potential supply of ecosystem services from a holistic perspective. According to the ecosystem services result map created, it has been determined that the most important ecosystem services in the study area are arable lands, coniferous forests, meadow-pasture areas and maquis areas. It is aimed to use the land use data, ecosystem services matrices and maps obtained within the scope of the study as base data in planning studies.

90-95

Authors: Hüseyin ÇALIŞKAN, Filiz EGİ OĞUZ, Sezgin ÖZDEN

Illegal logging, one of the crimes that damage the forests most, may cost human life as well as tax losses in the world. Only even with commercial concerns, 908 people were killed in 35 countries between 2002 and 2013 due to environmental conflicts. However, the absence of comprehensive international legal norms on forest crimes indicates that domestic law is primarily responsible for determining the nature, scope and consequences of these crimes. In this study, Brazil, Indonesia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, which are among the top countries that suffer the most from forest crimes, and Türkiye, which experienced a significant increase in forest crimes after 2015, were examined in terms of illegal logging crime, forest law and the fine balances related to this crime. It is aimed to discover if there is a relationship between punishment/fine and the number of crimes.