Turkish Journal of Forestry

149 - 156

Authors: Ramazan ÖZÇELİK, Hakkı ALTINKAYA

In this study, tree volume equations have been developed for Brutian pine (Pinus brutia Ten.). The data was obtained from the natural brutian pine stands in Eğirdir region. Totally of 405 trees are sampled and randomly separated into the two groups. Since there is no real independent dataset, two-fold evaluation scheme was applied and the prediction performance of 18 models was evaluated. For this purpose, four different criteria values were used: mean error (MD), mean absolute error (MAD), coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE). The prediction performances of the models were evaluated on the basis of relative ranking. As a result of the evaluations, the most successful results were obtained with Model 4, while the most unsuccessful results were obtained with model 6. The obtained results suggested that Model 4 should be used to more reliable volume predictions for natural brutian pine stands in Eğirdir Region

168 - 172

Authors: Kürşad ÖZKAN

This present study was carried out to build bias-corrected energy component table in the frame of quantum ecology. The first order jackknife index was preferred as a bias corrected equation. Using a hypothetical meta-community data, traditional energy component (TEC) table and bias-corrected energy component (BEC) table were obtained. According the results, all potential energy footprint (PEF) values of BEC were found higher than PEF values of TEC. The most considerable differences were observed for joint effect and emergence effect. Bias comes from incomplete inventory data. The data used in ecological quantum analysis is obtained from field inventory works. Therefore the concept of bias needs to be placed in quantum ecology and the bias-corrected algorithms should be considered in estimations of ecological quantum parameters.

180 - 186

Authors: Orhan GULSEVEN, Sezgin AYAN, Halil Barış ÖZEL, Esra Nurten YER

The ecological conditions of nurseries can have an impact on both morphological and physiological characteristics of seedlings and may affect their development. Furthermore, the genetic characteristics of the populations adapted to the conditions of the growing environment, also influence the development of the seedlings. In this study, seeds collected from different districts of the natural distribution area of Eastern beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky.) were sown under the same ecological conditions. Morphological and physiological characteristics of the seedlings belonging to different populations under the same ecological conditions were compared. In this study; Seeds from Bursa-İnegöl, Balıkesir-Dursunbey, Sakarya-Akyazı, Kastamonu-Çatalzeytin, Zonguldak-Devrek-Tefen, Zonguldak-Devrek-Akçasu and Bartın-Yenihan populations were supplied and grown in Zonguldak Gökçebey State Forestry Nursery. At the end of the 2nd vegetation period; physiological [chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, relative humidity percentage on leaf (NNİ%) and cumulative transpiration (S)] and morphological characteristics [seedling height (FB), diameter of root collar (KBÇ), number of seedling branches (FDS), the fresh weight of the shoot and root (GTA, KTA), the total fresh weight of the seedlings (TFTA), the dry weight of the shoot and root (GKA, KKA), the total dry weight of the seedlings (TFKA), dry root percentage (%KKök), shoot-root ratio (KI), sturdiness index (GI) and Dickson quality index (DKI)] of 2+0 aged bare root seedlings were determined. As a result; the population factor affected a significant variation in all morphological characters except the shoot-root ratio (KI) and the sturdiness index (GI). In addition, it was determined that the population factor caused significant difference on the physiological properties of total chlorophyll amount and NNİ% of seedlings. The seedlings belonging to Zonguldak-Devrek-Akçasu and Zonguldak-Devrek-Tefen populations had the highest values in terms of both morphological and physiological characteristics. The most important issue that attracts attention in the research; It is stated that the seedlings obtained from the populations closest to the nursery ecology have the highest seedling values.

195 - 202

Authors: Mehmet KORKMAZ, Yasin DUMAN

The aim of this study is to determine the requirements of forest engineering students from the university during the education process. Within the scope of the study, 31 requirements determined for courses, career goals, foreign language, academicians, infrastructure and social-cultural activities were evaluated with Kano model. 25 of these requirements were determined as expected/linear requirements. This means that carrying out studies to meet these requirements will increase the level of satisfaction of students, and if not, dissatisfaction will occur. It is not important for the students to supervise the internships related to the courses, to include design courses in the curriculum, to increase the number of elective courses and to take non-departmental courses in the program. In other words, if these requirements are fulfilled or not, there will be no change in satisfaction. On the other hand, it is an attractive requirement for the students to share their experiences in the lessons and to have a second foreign language in the program.

213 - 220

Authors: Mehmet KORKMAZ, Nurgül DÜNDAR

The aim of this article is to determine the factors affecting the purchasing preferences of consumers for non-wood forest products. The study was conducted in Burdur province. The data were obtained by survey method. Percentage and frequencies were used for data analysis and chi-square test was used to determine differences according to socio-demographic characteristics. Purchasing preferences were determined by fuzzy paired comparison method. According to the results of the study; (a) Products are mainly supplied from seller of medicinal herbs, (b) The most important factors in consumers' purchasing preferences are natural and reliable products, health and nutritional values, (c) Among consumers, the rate of obtaining non-wood forest products by collecting from nature is very high. The most important reason for choosing this supply is the desire to consume the natural ones.

234 - 242

Authors: Nilüfer YAZICI, İsmet ÇELİK

This study was carried out in Muratdağı micro-catchment located in Gediz district of Kütahya. In study; various public and private organizations to collect data for the watershed was used in this study. In addition to information was obtained through interviews with people living in the area. This study was discussed versatile with survey (n=315) and observations on economic problem, reasons of outer immigration, agriculture and breeding in the Muratdağı micro watershed included a town and 6 villages. The people living in the basin had defined stoniness and high slope as the most important land use problem. It was determined that people prefer to migrate (% 67) because they live in rural poverty. As a result of the examinations, it was tried to create solutions for the problems determined by taking the opinions of the local people.

250 - 253

Authors: Fatma BEKDAŞ, Mustafa KARABOYACI

The main ingredient of paper production is cellulose fibers. Usually produced from wood fibers and annual plants. In this study it was investigated usability of waste rose pulps (Rosa Damascena Mill.) which have environmental risk in Isparta province as a source of cellulose for paper production. Oily rose flower grows only in Isparta and its vicinity and around 7000 tons of rose flowers are grown annually. After oil extraction, rose flowers lose their economic value and are left to rot as garbage. Rose pulp which is an herbal waste therefore contains cellulose. At the Scope of study, cellulose content of rose pulp was determined and paper pulp was obtained by applying soda-NaBH4 and chlorite methods. The obtained paper pulp was mixed with waste paper in different ratio and paper production was provided. Thus, rose wastes which evaluating as rubbish, was recycled and go into the production cycle.

261 - 266

Authors: Ahmet CAN, Hüseyin SİVRİKAYA

In this study, leaching performances of ammonium copper quat (ACQ) and boric acid (BA) chemicals, which are highly used in wood protection industry, were studied. Micronized copper quat (MCQ) and Nano boron (NB) were used as reference materials to ACQ and BA preservatives. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood samples were impregnated according to the full cell method with ACQ at 2,4 % concentration, BA at 4% concentration and MCQ and NB at 1% concentration levels. ACQ and BA impregnated samples were then, impregnated for a second time using 5 different water-repellent materials (tall oil, linseed oil, sodium silicate, methyl hydrogen silicone, N'-N-(1, 8-Naphthalyl) hydroxylamine). Polyethylene glycol 600 and aluminium sulphate were administered in the form of single impregnation by making a homogeneous mixture with ACQ and BA. In variotions made using ACQ, BA and water repellent materials, all variations except ACQ+MHS were failed to prevent copper and boron leaching. In samples impregnated with ACQ+MHS, only 3 % copper leaching was obtained. In addition, the copper leaching in samples impregnated with ACQ were lower compared to copper leaching in samples impregnated with MCQ. It was found that samples impregnated with NB showed high resistance towards to leaching. According to the results of leaching test, the non-leached boron amount in samples impregnated with NB was 42.88 %.

274 - 283

Authors: Ömer K. ÖRÜCÜ

Nowadays utilizing machine learning techniques is an effective way for modeling species distributions areas and niches. Analyzing of the endemic species on account of how they are affected from the global warming is crucial because of future planning issues. It is possible to guess potential distributions areas in the future and current ones with regard to future climate change scenarios with MaxEnt program with combining presence data and layers creating by using bioclimatic data. The aim of this study is to determine of the potential distribution areas of the Phoenix theophrasti Gr. which is an important species for landscape architecture discipline and naturally existing in Crete and our country and how these potential distribution areas effected from the global warming. The presence data of the species and bioclimatic data with 30 arc second resolution from WordClim database are clipped in accordance to the borders of the study area and potential distribution areas are determined processing with maximum entropy algorithm. Furthermore, on account of determining the effects of the global warming, the future distribution areas have modelled with regard to RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios for 2050 and 2070 years according to The Community Climate System Model (CCSM version 4) creating based on IPPC 5 report. As a result, the suitable areas as 8.248 km2, the more suitable ones 23.330 km2 and totally 31.578 km2 area have been calculated. Besides, some missing areas were determined in terms of the potential distribution areas of the species in the future according to the climate change scenario of the CCSM4.