Turkish Journal of Forestry

72 - 75

Authors: Ahmet Yesari SELCUK, Ömral Ünsal ÖZKOÇ, Mehmet Akif BİLİR, Haluk KEFELİOĞLU

In this study, pellet compositions of Long-eared Owl (Asio otus) were analysed. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the diet composition of Long-eared Owl in high altitude steppe in summer. Compositions of 130 pellets of Long-eared Owl were used in the study. 147 preys (1.13 preys per pellet) which belong to 9 different taxa were found in pellet composition. A significant part of the diet in study area consisted of small mammals. Only two remains of birds were recorded from pellets. Microtus sp. was found important prey in the diet of Long-eared Owl (F = 81.63 %, B = 78.21%). Since Microtus sp. is the favourite prey of Long-eared Owl, this situation causes a negative correlation with the prey variety in diet composition. For this reason, FNB and Shannon-Wiener indices had low levels, Shannon-Wiener (H’) value was found to be low for Long-eared Owl.

80 - 92

Authors: Gülşen ÇIKARAN, Mustafa AVCI

This study was carried out to determine the leaf pest insects and their distribution, biology and natural enemies of eucalyptus trees in Antalya in 2017 to 2018. For this purpose, eucalyptus plantation areas and eucalyptus trees in landscaping areas were studied. During the field studies, insect pests, their damages and information about study areas were recorded and samples were collected and cultured in laboratory. Biological observations of species were made and the emerging of pest species and natural enemies were observed. As a result, five leaf pest species and six parasitoid species were found on eucalyptus trees in Antalya. Pest species are Leptocybe invasa (Fisher & La Salle, 2004), Ophelimus maskelli (Ashmead, 1900) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), Glycaspis brimblecombei (Moore, 1964), Platyobria biemani (Taylor, 1987) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) and Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Platyobria biemani and Glycaspis brimblecombei are new records for eucalyptus pests in Turkey and in Antalya region, respectively. The parasitoid species of Leptocybe invasa were Selitrichodes kryceri Kim & La Salle, 2008 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae), Quadrastichus mendeli Kim & La Salle, 2008 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae) and Megastigmus sp. (Hymenoptera: Torymidae). Closterocerus chamaeleon (Girault, 1922) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) as larvae and pupae parasitoid and Stethynium ophelimi Huber, 2006 (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) as larval parasitoid of Ophelimus maskelli were obtained. Psyllaephagus bliteus Riek, 1962 (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) was found as parasitoid of Glycaspis brimblecombei. Selitrichodes kryceri, Quadrastichus mendeli ve Stethynium ophelimi were new records for Turkish fauna.

101 - 109

Authors: Ayhan AKYOL, Emrah Kürşat TANAS

Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) is one of the species which is grown naturally in Anatolia, has been put into of rehabilitation activities in order to ensure sustainability for this species, as a result of unplanned and excessive exploitation. In this study the rehabilitation practices on the cranberry in the areas of Dursunbey Forest Management Directorate were examined and determination of the idea that, how the forest villagers were affected from the practices and their aspects, was made. For this purpose, a questionnaire was applied with face to face interviews with 173 people in the study area and the data were analyzed by using SPSS 20 statistical package program. According to the results of the study, socio-economic problems such as low income and migration affected the villagers negatively, the rehabilitation practices contributed significantly to the yield of cornelian cherry trees and it was stated that the rehabilitation activities were welcomed by the local people. However, the continuation of the maintenance activities after rehabilitation is important for the success of the studies. Another important point is the use of cornelian cherries should be done in a planned way.

116 - 122

Authors: Emrah ÖZDEMİR, Ender MAKİNECİ

Biomass estimation-calculation methods in easy, economic and high accuracy are currently valuable researches depending on increasing importance on estimations of bioenergy, carbon stocks and budgets in forest ecosystems. Weights of biomass and biomass components are given oven dry mass because of the necessity of the estimation of biomass in low bias and variability of moisture. For this reason, estimation-determination of moisture contents in high accuracy and using for similar species provide convenience. Present study was conducted on coppice originated pure oak (Quercus) stands to determine the moisture contents of biomass components in Northern Thrace. Moisture contents of five different biomass components (foliage, branch, crown, stem and total aboveground) on 474 destructively sampled trees from different oak species (Hungary Oak, Turkey Oak, Sessile Oak) and development stages (Ma,Mb,Mc). Statistical comparison of moisture contents regarding as species and development stages were performed with Bonferroni-Dunn test. In conclusion, moisture contents of branch and crown showed significantly difference at p=0.05 significance level, stem moisture contents did not significantly differ and moisture of above ground biomass of A development stage was 36% and significantly different from other stages (Mb and Mc, 38%) in comparison of development stages without species discrimination. Moisture contents of foliage, branch and crown of Turkey Oak were significantly different at p=0.05 significance level, moisture contents of stem and above ground biomass did not show significantly difference in comparison of oak species.

133 - 141

Authors: Fatih KASAP, Hafiz Hulusi ACAR

The aim of this study is to examine the main employer - subcontractor relationship established under the roof of large industrial facilities in terms of employees and basic requirements, and to propose a system design that will provide a healthier and safer working environment in which legal requirements are fulfilled. In the study, in cases where the main employer - subcontractor relationship is established, it is determined that the employees and the main employer should supervise the works performed by the subcontractor within the framework of the basic requirements and the subjects on which the supervisor should conduct this audit. Within the scope of the study, the audits conducted in 2017 on the main employer and 5 subcontractors that are taken as a model were examined. It was possible for at least 4 inspections to be conducted by the principal employer annually to present the situation in occupational health and safety activities with numerical data. While the main employer subcontractor relationship continues to be the subject of discussion by many authorities, a model has been developed with this study about creating legal responsibility and a safe working environment. A healthier and safer working environment can be provided by a proactive approach with the systems and other systems described in the study. Further clarification should be made in the relevant laws and regulations in order to clarify the legal responsibilities of the parties in terms of employees and basic requirements in the relationship between subcontractor and main employer. Audits should be made sustainable.