CONCORDIA DISCORS vs DISCORDIA CONCORS

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Authors: Yusuke KANAZAWA

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Authors: Liubov ZHOLUDEVA

Eugenio Coseriu‘s theory of language variation and change that singles out the main parameters of language variation (diachrony, diatopy, diastraty, diaphasy) has been successfully applied by a number of Italian linguists to describe the restandardization of the Italian language. What is now called ―Neo-Standard Italian‖ is, in fact, the modern variety of Italy‘s standard language that has become more versatile, expressive and widely usable than the traditional Standard Italian due to the development of the lower part of register spectrum (diaphasy axis) and a higher tolerance to variation in diatopy and diastraty. The Italian school of linguistic thought completed the Coserian system of dia- terms by another one, namely, ―diamesia‖, that stands for the distinction between oral and written language. In the Italian historical linguistics, the Coserian theory of language norm and variation allowed to explain the reemergence of certain language features, now considered typical of Neo-Standard Italian, attested in Old Italian texts but later avoided in writing and labelled as substandard. Among other Coserian concepts recurrently discussed and cited by modern Italian linguists one can mention the distinction between primary, secondary and tertiary dialects, the idea to juxtapose functional language and historical language, and the concept of language architecture. Coseriu‘s functional approach to language studies, which views language as integral part of human life and cultural milieu, has resulted fruitful and largely congenial to Italian linguistics that traditionally avoids the extreme structural approaches and favors complex, well backgrounded studies taking into account the historical and sociocultural factors.

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Authors: Victor LARA BERMEJO

The future tense and the conditional are said to convey evidential meaning in most Romance languages. Whereas the former expresses conjecture, the latter is used to mark reportativity. However, the evidential readings of both tenses could be a very recent semantic extension at a vernacular level, since they are still frequent to express time and modality in nearly all the vernaculars. This study aims to show the geolinguistic and dialect distribution of both tenses along the 20th century in order to determine whether the future and the conditional were already evidential one hundred years ago or they have become so during the last century. Furthermore, I will also show the likely directionality for these tenses to become evidential and I will discuss whether there is a language that has worked as the focus of the Romance evidentiality. In doing so, I will not only apply the Coserian variables of diatopic and diaphasic restraints, but I will compare the differences among the dialects and the norms that rule all of them, analysing the systemic behaviour that favours the future as well as the conditional for marking evidentiality.

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Authors: Wolf DIETRICH

In spite of the scarce number of papers Coseriu dedicated to problems of functional syntax (Coseriu 1979, 1989), they fully agree with his general conception of semantics, especially grammatical semantics, and Wilhelm von Humboldt‘s notion of ―interior linguistic shape‖. In this paper, Coseriu‘s principles of functional syntax are discussed with regard to publications on ergativity. It is argued that ergative languages are not, first of all, characterized by a specific case marking on nouns, but by a specific behavior of the verb and verbal categories such as voice. Phenomena of syntactical swift in Tupi-Guarani languages will also be described. First and second person pronominal objects in transitive verbal constructions are not allowed. Nominalized existential clauses are used instead.

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Authors: Giovanni GOBBER

Between 1965 and 1982 Eugenio Coseriu published a series of investigations on word formation processes. In a functional perspective, he developed an innovative proposal, which moved away from traditional models and was not adequately taken into account in lexicological studies, neither in those of his time nor in those of later years. In this contribution, I intend to resume the fundamental aspects of this model, which maintains its validity and originality: in Coseriu's theory of word formation the three levels of the system, the norm and the usage interact strictly, so that both the reasons of the system and the creativity of the speakers are adequately taken into account

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Authors: Maria GRAJDIAN

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Authors: Lolita ZAGAEVSCHI CORNELIUS

This paper considers some aspects of metaphor as a creative process at the level of text, based on E. Coseriu‘s integral linguistics of text and the theory of metaphor developed by M. Borcilă on the basis of integral linguistics and inspired by elements of Lucian Blaga‘s views on metaphor. We apply the typology of metaphors as outlined by M. Borcilă in an approach based on integral textual semantics, with an initial distinction between metaphor in language (I) and metaphor in text (II), followed by a distinction between two types of metaphor of textual ‗sense‘: signifying or linguistic (IIA) and trans-signifying or trans-linguistic (IIB). Based on the ideas of ‗text constitution‘ and ‗sense articulation‘ we propose that some trans-linguistic metaphors in Blaga‘s novel Charon‘s Boat (Luntrea lui Caron) may function at different levels of ‗sense articulation‘: (a) as elements of ‗text constitution‘ (as ‗individual‘, ‗local‘ metaphors), and (b) as textual devices or strategies of ‗sense articulation‘.

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Authors: Clemilton Lopes PINHEIRO, Juzelly Fernandes Barreto MOREIRA

In the conceptual apparatus of Eugenio Coseriu‘s text linguistics, the relationship between the theory of surrounding fields and the practice of text procedures when constructing meaning is well marked. This leads us to understand that the surrounding fields guide the entire text, giving meaning to it, which is objectified by the text procedures. Seen in these terms, the analyses of surrounding fields and text procedures work in conjunction in the hermeneutics of meaning. In this work we propose an analytical device in which surrounding fields and text procedures are utilized to interpret meaning in texts. Furthermore, we expanded the analytical scope of the verbal text for the multimodal text. In order to exemplify the device application, we analyzed a multimodal text: a Calvin and Hobbes comic strip by cartoonist Bill Watterson. This research, thus, aims to contribute to the implementation of the task of transmission, systematization and expansion of Eugenio Coseriu‘s work.

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Authors: Marina KOSSARIK

Romance linguistics was one of E. Coseriu‘s primary fields of research; all along his life Coseriu illustrated and tested his theoretical concepts using Romance languages as a touchstone. Likewise, one of Coseriu‘s early predecessors, the Spanish Renaissance philologist B. de Aldrete, came up with a number of innovative ideas concerning the historicity of language, regular changes in phonetics and transformations in morphology, divergencies among closely related languages, etymology, sociolinguistic factors (such as language contacts and cultural integration) in linguogenesis, the importance of early written texts for documenting language change, as well as other concepts, and used the example of Romance languages – the Ibero-Romance ones in particular – to support his theoretical insights. B. de Aldrete‘s treatise (1606) is also an early example of the scientific practice of citing previous research and giving references to numerous sources.

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Authors: Cristian PAȘCALĂU

Integral linguistics resides on an inner, fundamental truth that has to be revealed and justified. The leap from intuition to reflexivity is subtly designated by Eugenio Coseriu in terms of ―grain of truth‖ (which implies knowing and understanding a theory from within, in order for researchers to be able to emphasize its strong points, its sustainable cores of knowledge, and, at the same time, its weak points). All disciplinary fields are governed by the limits of their concept, therefore contemplating them needs to be done on philosophical grounds. In this respect, we revisit Coseriu‘s doctrine regarding linguistics as a science that states man as its central point of reference. We aim to discuss one of the most challenging ideas Coseriu developed in this respect, namely that human consciousness emerges through language and unfolds intuitive knowledge, as opposed to the biological perspectives that derive consciousness from instincts, perceptions or sensory representations.