Bulletin of Prydniprovs'ka State Academy of Civil Engeneering and Architecture

10-28

Authors: V. I. Bolshakov, N. A. Motornyi, A. N. Motornyi

It was performed the analysis of materials of engineering and geological surveys on the construction sites of civil and industrial projects in Dnepropetrovsk and the Dnepropetrovsk region. It was determined the correlation dependence of strength and deformation characteristics of soils from the soil moisture in the range of up Wρ to Wsat. It was found that strength and deformation characteristics of soils subject to the relation: ϕэ = ϕо(1 – 1,0Wэ); Сэ = Со(1 – 1,5Wэ); Еэ = Ео(1 – 1,5Wэ). It was proposed expression for calculation of the frictional force of the clay soil on the lateral surface of the pile shaft or an underground structure in the form of: Rƒ = U ∑h(ozqtg߮э + Cо) h . For printed, bored piles and tangential piles were found that changes in the hydrogeological conditions of the exploited area (inundation area) for change the bearing capacity of at the tip driven piles or soles of the underground structures are not observed. In addition, it was determined that the change of tangential piles conditions of the exploited area (flooding areas) reduces the deformability and strength characteristics of the underlying compacted soil platform and requires urgent check the bearing capacity of the underlying layer and the calculation of the foundation deposits.

29-37

Authors: L. M. Didenko, A. A. Klimenko

Raising of problem. In all regions of our country plumbings networks have a considerable physical and moral wear, because in the majority they were laid in the middle of the last century. It is known that more than 50 % on-the-road pipelines are made from steel, here middle tenure of employment of metallic pipes for plumbings networks makes 30. [1]. Statistical data testify that more than 34 % plumbings and sewage networks are in the emergency state. Thus, a large enough stake in building industry of Ukraine is on works on the reconstruction of this type of engineering networks. Thus complete replacement of all pipes requires heavy material tolls, a reconstruction and major repairs of separate emergency areas are mainly produced on this account. Logically to assert that providing of safe production of the examined type of works becomes complicated by the presence of harmful and dangerous productive factors arising up due to the complex factor of straitened. This factor is stipulated by that plumbings networks are laid within the limits of folded municipal building and on territory of operating industrial enterprises. About the danger of production of works on a reconstruction the high level of traumatism testifies at their production. According to the law of Ukraine "On a labour (item 13) protection", an employer is under an obligation to create in the workplace the terms of labour accordingly normatively - to the legal acts, requirements of legislation on the observance of rights of workers in area of labour protection. [2] Providing of safety at implementation of works on the reconstruction of plumbings networks, maybe only at the complex going near the study of this problem, that plugs in itself: research of influence of factors of straitened; exposure of features of technology of production building, assembling, breaking-down, earthen and other types of works executable on a site area at a reconstruction; perfection of existent facilities of defence and development of recommendations on the safe production of this kind type of works. It ensues from foregoing, that research-and-development measures on organization of safe production of this type of works is actual and necessary. [3] Purpose. To the article the results of the research, related to the increase of safety of labour at the production of works on the reconstruction of plumbings networks in the straitened terms created by dense municipal building and complexes of industrial enterprises, are driven. Conclusion. As a result of study undertaken a by us the basic requirements fastening of walls of trenches must correspond that are certain, and also the improved construction of fastening of walls of trenches offers. The basic groups of factors of straitened of site area are distinguished at the reconstruction of plumbings networks. Certain to ponderability of influence of these groups of factors on safety of production of works. An index offers for determination of influence of groups of factors in certain cases.

45-54

Authors: A. G. Peretokin, M. Aksonov, M. Ocheretko

The problem of the article. The types of rural dwelling that were spread at the end of the 19th – the beginning of the 20th century become the heritage of history. Studying of the traditional Ukrainian farmstead, folk architectural and building, decorative and artistic traditions is not only of the theoretical, but also of the practical importance. The usage of the best progressive folk experience will help architects create new villages which will meet the needs of people and correspond to the best national traditions and aesthetic criteria of the Ukrainian people. Analysis of the sources. We find data on traditional Ukrainian dwelling, homestead and farmstead in the researches of modern ethnographers, historians, specialists of local lore. Well-known scholars A. P. Danyluk., T. Kosmina, M. S. Dnistriansky, V. P. Samoilovich, G. Yu. Stelmakh, G. S. Lozko studied the traditional architecture of the Ukrainian regions, peculiarities of the settlements and the types of farmstead. The purpose of the article is to analyze the peculiarities of traditional Ukrainian dwelling, homestead and farmstead, to assert national consciousness, to keep national traditions, bring up young people to be patriots, to spread the knowledge about cultural heritage of Ukraine. Conclusion. The Ukrainian folk dwelling was created for centuries by constant improving devices and forms according to the conditions, way of life and aesthetic criteria of people. The traditional nature of the folk architecture was caused by the fact that rural dwelling was built not according to the project but was based on the best typical samples characteristic of this or that region of Ukraine.

60-68

Authors: S. P. Lahdan, S. Yu. Dragun, A. Yu. Mudrik

Raising of problem. In modern Ukrainian society, which is undergoing a national renaissance, greatly deepened interest in the symbols of material and spiritual culture as a form of identification and identity. Inseparable from life as language, song, were and are proverbs and sayings. As an expression of acute intelligence people, aesthetic preferences, high morality, humor, accuracy, wit and strength, wisdom and beauty of poetic language, they accompany mankind from antiquity and enrich the new generation. Valuable signs of Ukrainian culture proverbs are also the fact that generally have exemplary character, as giving advice, caution, warn, approve, condemn. Based on rich experience, proverbs reflect all sectors of the Ukrainian people, especially bright life, habits, lifestyle and mentality. The most important element of life without which you cannot imagine life before and today is the house - the personification of his native home, family, independence, well-being and hospitality. In the beginning attached great importance to the house, she was treated with great respect, ordered decorated holiday and protected. It found expression in many proverbs and sayings. These samples of folk wisdom affecting the eternal themes so do not lose their relevance today. Their research makes it possible to understand the deeper spirituality, especially the outlook of the Ukrainian people. Purpose. To find out the semantics of the component "khata" in the proverbs and sayings identify productivity in shaping Ukrainian folklore. Conclusion. Proverbs and sayings of the component "hut" reflect various spheres of life Ukrainian: the organization of life, family relationships, moral and ethical code, mentality, especially social relations. Home is inseparable from its inhabitants, becoming masters of character, its appearance characterizes the attitude of the hosts it, the house represents those relationships that have developed between family members. Elucidation of these semantic nuances token "khata" in proverbs and sayings gives an idea of microcosm of Ukrainian and macrocosm of Ukrainian people in general.

74-79

Authors: L. G. Boguslavskaya, K. Serhienko

Statement of the problem. The image of the national home contains a number of basic characteristics on the basis of which can be traced specifically to the national vision and principles of human connections with the material world. In the novel "Tyhrolovy" the uniqueness of this play lies in the fact that the “Ukrainian Khata” consolidated among the "alien" space. On the pages of the novel takes place already well-established, self-sufficient and organized life of an Ukrainian family that not only survived, but also learned new vital dimension. Folk housing in the context appears as the main object of maintaining tribal affiliation to the Ukrainian land. The purpose of the article. To perform the folk characteristic properties at home in the works of Ivan Bahrianyi. Conclusions. Roman "Tyhrolovy" Ivan Bahrianyi contains a number of significant parts filled with the symbols of tribal affiliation to the Ukrainian world. In particular, fully preserved and carefully restored in the family home of Sirko the guard function of these important components of the domestic home space, like images, embroidered towels, oven painted with flowers, carved cupboard. A combination feature of former agricultural world with the world of game is transmitted via the zoomorphic elements of the painting ovens ( former peace doves have become falcons) and deploying a visual of the number of images that are typical for Ukrainian dwelling as the basic form of fixation of life and family development.