Bulletin of Prydniprovs'ka State Academy of Civil Engeneering and Architecture

10-15

Authors: Bolshakov V. I., Dr. Sc. (Tech.), Prof.

Intermediate austenite transformation develops in the temperature between the regions pearlitic and martensitic transformation [4]. Under continuous cooling steel at speeds below the critical value, but higher than those necessary for the decomposition of austenite by the diffusion mechanism, the formation of a mixture of different types of structures whose identification is not always unambiguous. This resulted in a different classification systems of microstructures of low-carbon steel after accelerated cooling and the absence of a common terminology relating to the products of austenite decomposition [3; 5 – 11]. In modern terminology, all of the intermediate transformation product classifications based on the differentiation of the following features – the morphology of bainite ferrite component (rack or plate), the presence of iron carbide precipitates, their distribution and morphology, as well as the presence or absence of residual austenite or martensite-austenite mixture. Identification of the products of the intermediate conversion not morphology ferrite component, and other characteristics by light microscopy is extremely difficult, and in some instances impossible due to the limited resolution of the light microscope, so for these purposes should be to use the method of transmission electron microscopy of thin foils. Electron microscopy studies show that low-carbon steels lamellar morphology of intermediate products decomposition of austenite is extremely rare, which is confirmed by foreign authors [2; 7; 9; 10].

24-30

Authors: Volchuk V. N., Dr. Sc. (Tech.).

Raising of problem. In order to obtain acceptable results of the evaluation of the metal structure developed methodology should include the use of both classical and modern methods of its evaluation and the properties of the produced goods. Thus, to establish the relationship between mechanical properties and structural elements of metall to use multifractal theory. The proposed method is the most appropriate to quantify the majority of real structures, which are integral approximation figures Euclid introduces some uncertainty, and therefore not always acceptable in practical problems of modern materials science. According to the proposed method, each of heterogeneous objects, which are the structures most metals can be characterized by variety of statistical Renyi dimensions. The range of dimensions multifractals interpreted as some of the physical laws, which have a separate statistical properties that make it possible to their financial performance. Application of statistical dimensions of the structural elements for the assessment of qualitative characteristics of metal contributes to their formalization as a function of the fractal dimension. This in turn makes it possible to identify and anticipate the physical and mechanical properties of the metal without producing special mechanical tests. Purpose  obtain information about the possible application of wavelet-multifractal analysis to assess the microstructure of the metal. Conclusion. Using the methods of wavelet multifractal analysis, a statistical evaluation of the structural elements of steel St3ps. An analysis of the characteristics of uniformity, consistency and regularity of the structural elements has shown that most of the change observed in the samples subjected to accelerated cooling water in the temperature range of the intermediate (bainitic) conversion 550 – 4500С, less - in samples cooled in the temperature range 650 pearlite transformation  6000С and the smallest in the sample in a state factory supplied. These results confirm their sensitivity to structural transformations, and, respectively, and mechanical properties.

39-46

Authors: Ershova N. M., Dr. Sc. (Tech.), Prof.

Problem statement. The method of analysisof hierarchy process (AHP) provides solution of multi-criteria problems with simple and reasonable, including quantitative and qualitative factors of different dimensions. AHP is used to solve semistructured and unstructured problems. Only now it begins to be applied in Ukraine. The first works [2, 10, 14] were appered, where the essence of the method is revealed and technology of implementation of it on the computer are shown. [14] An attempt to determine theoretically the eigenvalues to the back of a symmetric matrix, but as a result of wrongly an accepted fact, the sum of the eigenvalues of matrix is equal to its order n, the authors conclude that for perfectly coherented matrix "all of eigenvalues - zeros, except for one, equaled n " In fact, the amount of the eigenvalues numerals of matrix A equals to the sum of the diagonal elements of the matrix, i.e.to its trace Sp A [5]. The shown [10] technology of implementation of method in this wark in the Excel indicates that the authors do not own of matrix functions of master of functions. There is no clear method of calculation using the AHP in the literature. Purpose. To develop a methodology for the application of the AHP to solve unstructured problems and technology of implementation method of Excel. Conclusion The proposed method opens the possibility of AHP and quite simply realized in Excel using of the matrix functions of master of functions.

55-70

Authors: Mironenko V. P., Dr. Arch., prof.; Tsimbalova T. A., ass.

Problem statement. Current socio-demographic conditions in Ukraine and the level of housing of different types and quality suggest the possibility of active development mobile home construction. Practical advantages of mobile homes in various regions of the world reflected in the popularity of their use, especially as a temporary, recreational, holiday and tourist accommodation. The use of mobile housing in Ukraine currently is limited functional-typological composition. Aim. Identify the features of the design and construction of mobile homes on the basis of studying the world and domestic experience based integrated assessment formative factors (environmental and fire safety, energy efficiency, reliability and sustainability, etc.). Analyzing of the resent research. In research on mobility and transform element residential buildings addressed such issues: the experience of adaptation of housing to changes in the life of their inhabitants in the form of transformation of the internal space and its versatility [1; 11]; the methodology and design of constructions differing movable , collapsible or foldable parts and features of formation of mobile home recreational purpose[19]; the evolution of human dwellings and projected a futuristic look at the structure of the living environment [14]. In the scientific development of modern authors on architectural topics most relevant topics related to energy issues: a study of the historical background of the development of energy efficient housing, development of the basic requirements and solutions, their formation, and the creation of engineering and efficient method of designing low-rise architecture [15]; an analysis of the use of alternative energy sources, identify the main ways of saving energy and the development of architecture energy-saving residential buildings of low and medium-rise [16]; the development of an integrated approach to the ecological – economic substantiation of creation of energy-efficient residential buildings using alternative energy sources [9]; the urgency of energy conservation in construction in the context of energy conservation for future generations, the use of renewable energy sources (RES) and the creation of energy efficient residential buildings with the use of "smart" building in the form of Autonomous control systems [10]; the use of renewable energy sources and secondary energy resources and construction of experimental houses [8]; the creation and formation energy active the property on marginal or degraded due to anthropogenic factors territories [5]; the establishment of new design standards of the dwelling based on the real experience of research, design, construction and operation of energy efficient engineering systems [4]. It seems appropriate to study the problem of mobile and modular housing in the context of the requirements of energy saving and energy efficiency. Conclude. A comparative analysis of the specificity of traditional and alternative (mobile) housing allowed us to identify the characteristic functional - typological features of mobile construction affecting its design, manufacture, erection and operation. Along with lighting experience in the use of mobile housing in modern conditions of Ukraine, the alternative variant for the organization of summer holidays for children from mobile homes-modulus.