Manas Journal of Social Studies

15-24

Authors: Nadir Çeliköz Selin Bulut Mine Çeliköz

The main purpose of this study is to determine the self-efficacy perceptions of classroom teachers' towards computers. The data of the research, where the screening model was used, were obtained with the "Computational Perception of Self-Efficacy Perception Scale" applied to 308 class teachers working in the provinces of Bahçelievler and Bağcılar, İstanbul. Variance analysis techniques have been used for variables, seniority, and ways of learning to use computer in predicting self-efficacy perceptions of primary school teachers and t test has been used for the gender variable. The results of the research indicate that the teachers' self-efficacy perceptions are high, and their experience with the teaching profession, that is their seniority, changes their self-efficacy perceptions. Nevertheless, the gender of classroom teachers and the ways in which they learn to use a computer do not differentiate their self-efficacy perceptions. In order to increase the proficiency perceptions of the classroom teachers towards the computer in the direction of the results obtained, proposals have been made about pre-service and inservice training studies and researches to be done

47-57

Authors: Hasan Yılmaz, Müjgan Ülker

The aim of this study is that to understand relationship between the analysis of connection between early memories of warmth and the self perception of parental roles within females and education, social-econnomical level, the age of mariage, the number of child. In this study, to understand of childhood memories it would be used the scale of childhood memories and to understand of the parental roles, it would be used the scale of self-perception of parental roles within females.The analysis of the questions, childhood memories and self perception of parental roles are presented according to frequency distribution and percentage of distribution. End of the study, according to early memories of warmth, the self-percetion of parental roles due to social-economical, educational level, age of mariage and number of child, is found differences in a meaningfull level.

77-88

Authors: Rüştü Yeşil

The term "civilization" is one of the most debated concepts in the world in the last fifty years. It is a reflection of democratic cultures. This research aims to develop a valid and reliable scale to determine the civilization perceptions of candidate teachers. This research is a descriptive and quantitative study carried out in the screening model. The study group is composed of 498 candidate teacherstrained in the faculty of education. Validity analysis of the scale includes explanatory factor analysis and item-total correlations; the reliability analysis was tested by examining the internal consistency and stability coefficients. At the end of the research, it was determined that the Scale of Civilization Perception (SCP) was composed of 34 items, which were collected under 3 factors. The BMD of your scale is 0.942; Bartlett Test values x2 = 6797,770; df = 561; p <0.000. The items covered by the scale explain 47,910% of the total variance. Corrected correlations between each item of the scale and item-total scores are positive and significant (p<,001). The Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient is 0.922. Stability coefficients calculated by test-retest method of the items in SCP are positive and significant (p<,001). According to these findings, it can be said that SCP is a valid and reliable scale that can be used to measure the civilization perceptions of the individual.

103-118

Authors: Gazanfer Anlı

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between interpersonal sensitivity and internet addiction. A further aim of the study is to examine the relationship of these two concepts show whether or not significant difference in terms of the variables of gender, perceived income status and parental attitudes. The research population was composed of 350 students studying at high school degree at İstanbul Umraniye High School, in 2014-2015 educational year. In consequence of this research, there’s a significant positive relationship between interpersonal sensitivity and internet addiction. The students’ level of internet addiction shows significant differences concerning with gender and no significant differences concerning with perceived income status and parental attitudes; the students’ level of interpersonal sensitivity shows no significant differences concerning with gender, perceived income status and parental attitudes.

149-168

Authors: Saadet Kuru Çetin, K. Funda Nayır

As social beings, humans are involved in different communities throughout their lives. These communities meet the need of socialization for human beings and make them get united around common values. The most effective one of these communities is the school community within which each individual takes part in one way or another. Each individual takes part in the school community in a certain period of his/her life and the experiences he/she has got there affect his/her life. Students are an important part of the school community. At school sense of community (SOC) is defined as a student’s feeling of being known by, accepted by, valued by, and having influence with their teachers and classmates (Schaps, Lewis & Watson, 1997). It is also described as feeling connected to, engaged to, belonging to, and committed to school. The quality of students’ social relations with each other, with teachers and with administrators contributes to an enhanced school environment. The benefits of community building in schools depend on the school’s efforts (Sheers, 2010). The main purpose of this study is to reveal the sense of community of the university students by making the Turkish adaptation of the 'Sense of Community' scale developed by Chavis, Lee and Acosta (2008). The study examined the university students' perception of the sense of community and it was determined that students' perceptions of the sense of community were at medium and higher levels. When the results of the analysis made according to the variable of the department are taken into account, it is observed that the students' opinions show significant differences in all dimensions. When the arithmetic averages related to the sense of community are examined, it is observed that the students of the department of psychological Counselling and guidance have the lowest scores. In this study, only the opinions of students studying at a single university were examined. It is thought that examination of other universities in the future studies could be useful.

187-207

Authors: Muhittin Düzenli

One of the most curial mistakes on evaluation of hadith narration is that a weak hadith cannot be used as authentic source and is seen as a fabricated hadith. One of the most fundamental reasons is that a sound notion has not been formulated about the concept of weak hadith and methods developed by Mutaqaddimun scholars have not been understood by later hadith schoalars sufficiently. This article deals with how to be understood and interpreted the concept of weak hadith and discusess the value of epistemic hadith. One of the most abused concepts in the Islamic history of thought is weak hadith notion. One of the most important mistakes about this issue is that weak hadiths have been seen as fabricated hadiths and cannot be used as an authentic source. In fact, it should be known that the weakness of naration is only related to the question of whether these hadiths belong to the Prophet Muhammad or not and they need to be investigated and analyzed and lastly known that there are many types of weak hadiths.

231-253

Authors: Aynur Yumurtacı

University students are encountered with different questions in the context of short and longterm expectations which engage their minds during their education. In the short term, some questions such as “how long can I find a job?” and (or) “whether I will be able to find job after graduation” are inquired by students due to the anxiety and pressure which is caused by the rate of youth unemployment is above the rate of general unemployment. In the long term, the retirement process expectations that are shaped by the forecasts of the employment process are questioned by the university students via including to the life plans. With this study, it is aimed to determine the perspectives of the university students about the retirement process in line with the expectations regarding to the job finding process. Thus, it will be contributed to development of some social and economic policies by setting out the perspectives of university students about retirement. In this study, 500 university students, randomly selected from the two state universities in Turkey, have been identified as a sample. The questionnaire form has been distributed to the participants face to face and the relationship between the variables has been measured with Chi-Square Test by doing frequency analysis using with the SPSS 19.0 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 19.0). According to this, generally it has been founded meaningful relationship between job finding expectation and meaning of retirement. This research is carrying importance in terms of evaluating the university students' job finding and retirement expectations by together and multidimensional manner.

267-280

Authors: Burcu Aydın

Objectives: One of the most influential concepts in organizational behavior literature is also organizational culture. The concept of organizational culture has gained wide importance from past to today for business. Organizational culture helps business to understand human at organizational level. Divided into four dimensions, which are clan, adhocracy, market, hierarchy, organizational culture have shown to be associated with several organizational outcomes, including leadership style. Leadership can be defined as the ability of an individual or organization to "lead" or guide other individuals, teams, or entire organizations. There are several leadership styles in present literature. Paternalistic, transformational, transactional, ethical, servant and laissez-faire leadership styles are some of the leadership styles in the relevant literature and they have been used for this study. Within this framework, this study aims to specify the interrelationship between dimensions of organizational culture and different leadership styles. Method: In relation with the main objective of this study, data has been obtained from 173 employees who work in a private construction sector in Turkey. Data were analyzed through SPSS, statistical packaged software. Results: Results showed that clan culture differs significantly according to the servant leadership and paternalistic leadership. Adhocracy culture only differs significantly according to transformational leadership. Market culture differs significantly according to transformational and servant leadership. Hierarchy culture differs significantly according to transactional and paternalistic leadership. Finally, dimensions of organizational culture show neither a large mean difference nor a large effect size on laissez- faire leadership style. Originality: Organizational culture and leadership style have a crucial role in order to achieve specified outcomes for business. The harmony between culture and leader within organization undoubtedly will affect relationships and business processes. In this point, the study has provided further detail on the possible relationships between two variables.

299-329

Authors: Oğuzhan Ece

The purpose of companies in terms of the value-based view of financial management in the new world order, gained a new vision in the expression of value maximization. In this context, "sustainability" has become the most recent terminology of the commercial and economic order, while the development in the historical process has reached shareholder and value maximization range from profit and profitability route. Sustainability that finds use in different management and disciplines day by day; the resources, expertise, opportunities and innovations that all stakeholders make use of are presented in a participative perspective of risk, return and liquidity initiatives together with the ecological, economic and social factors of the whole. Sustainability practices that emphasize permanent and real elements from temporary and fictitious content, mainly in the company's success; has a multi-dimensional systematic content on the basis of protection, continuity and added value. This study, which addresses this content in the value-based company objectives filter, covers the 2010/Q1 -2017/Q2 time period. Resilient Generalized Least Squares Method was used in the research which found application grounds on the firms included in the scope of Corporate Governance index. As a result of the analysis, it is concluded that there is a positive relationship between corporate market performance and corporate commercial performance with corporate sustainability practices, and a negative relationship between corporate financial performance and corporate sustainability practices

353-380

Authors: Deniz Şahin Duran, Yusuf Temür

Government budgets are now seen and used as an important tool in removing gender inequalities. As a matter of fact, gender-sensitive budgeting (GSB) practices are done by taking into account of gender inequality according to economic, political and social structures in many countries and also Turkey. On the other hand, although GSBs are a budgeting approach that can be implemented at central and local levels, they are considered to be particularly effective at local level, in this context local governments, especially municipalities are seen as the main actors. Gender-sensitive budgeting practices are still very new in Turkey and gender-sensitive budgeting issue is a little known and less studied phenomenon by Turkish bureaucracy and academicians. Therefore, there is a need for studies to be done in this regard. In this context, the aim of this study is to show to what extent the municipalities are inclined to an egalitarian viewpoint (how often gender equality goals / objectives / indicators are reflected) to the budgeting process by analyzing the budgets of the metropolitan municipalities in Turkey from the gender perspective. The data of this study is restricted by data which was obtained from performance-based budgeting documents of 30 metropolitan municipalities. The data of the study realized by adopting the qualitative research approach was obtained through a document analysis and descriptive analysis was performed on the data of the study. With the findings obtained, it was aimed to either share examples of good practice with all stakeholders or develop solution proposals for how local governments can reflect gender equality in their budgets by identifying situations that reflect the egalitarian viewpoint of municipal budget and examples of good practice or the inadequacies of reflecting of equitable viewpoint. It was also aimed to raise awareness of both budget practitioners and public on social gender budgeting and to contribute to the consideration of gender equality in the preparation of budgets, development plans and other financial documents in the following periods.

403-425

Authors: Pınar Özgökbel Bilis, Ali Emre Bilis, Meerim Sydygalieva

Türkiye ve Türk Cumhuriyetleri arasında Sovyetlerin dağılması sonrasında başlayan siyasal, ekonomik ve kültürel ilişkiler son yıllarda daha da geliştiği söylenebilmektedir. Özellikle kültürel ilişkilerin artmasında, Türkiye’de yapılan dizilerin Türk Cumhuriyetleri’nde yayınlanması önemli bir etken olmaktadır. Televizyonun kültürler arası etkileşimlerde oynadığı rolü dikkate alan bu çalışmada, Türk televizyon dizilerinin kültürleşme aracı olarak işlevini ortaya çıkarılması hedeflenmektedir. Yapılan çalışmada, Türk Cumhuriyetleri arasındaki ilişkiler çeşitli açılardan değerlendirilmekte ancak özellikle küreselleşmenin ve medyanın kültürel etkilerine odaklanılmaktadır. Çalışmanın analiz bölümünde ise Türk dizilerinin kültürleşmeye olan etkisi Kırgızistan’da yapılan anket çalışmasından elde edilen veriler ışığında değerlendirilmektedir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, Türk dizilerinin Kırgızistan’da ilgiyle karşılandığını, bu dizilerde temsil edilen aile, ahlak, gelenek-görenek, saygı, sevgi gibi kültürel değerlerin Kırgız değerlerine benzetildiğini ve Kırgızların kültürlerarası etkileşimlerde televizyonun gücüne inandıklarını ortaya koymaktadır. Kırgızların farklı kültürlere olan büyük ilgisini ortaya koyan analizler, Türkiye ve Kırgızistan arasında büyük bir kültürleşme potansiyeli olduğunu göstermektedir.

455-476

Authors: Mehmet Kanak Mustafa Özen

Bu çalışma Suriye İç Savaşı sebebiyle Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’ne sığınan Suriye Arap Cumhuriyeti vatandaşlarının geleceğe dair umut düzeylerini konu edinmiştir. Çalışmada, Mersin ili Geçici Eğitim Merkezleri (GEM)’nde eğitim öğretime devam eden ergenlik dönemindeki 12-20 yaş aralığında 55 kişinin görüşleri yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Görüşme soruları hazırlanmadan önce, araştırma konusuyla ilgili ulusal ve uluslararası literatür taraması yapılmış, nitel ve nicel çalışma örnekleri incelenmiştir. Görüşme formları Arapça’ya çevrilerek katılımcılardan görüşler toplanmış; katılımcıların görüşleri alanında uzman tercümanlarca Türkçe’ye çevrilerek değerlendirmeleri yapılmıştır. Ergenlerden elde edilen verilerde, katılımcıların olumlu yönde gelecek umutlarının olduğu saptanmıştır. “Başarı, gelecek kaygısı, öğrenme arzusu” çevresinde görüş bildiren ergenlerin elde edilen bulgularda çoğunlukta olması, gelecek bir yıl için ümitvar bir Suriyeli ergen gurubunun olduğunu göstermiştir. Hali hazırda tüm şiddetiyle devam eden savaşın ergenlerin umut düzeyleri ve gelecek hedeflerini nasıl etkilediği bu araştırmanın ana hatlarını oluşturmuştur.

497-513

Authors: Şerife Pekküçükşen

Özellikle 1980’lerde tüm dünyada başlayan değişimin yerel yönetimlere yansımasıyla yerel yönetimler; yapı, işleyiş ve fonksiyonlar açısından önemli değişikliklere maruz kalmıştır. Bürokratik geleneksel yönetim anlayışının izlerini silmeye başlayan değişim, yerel yönetimlerde etkinlik, verimlilik, katılımcılık, esneklik, hesap verebilirlik gibi değerleri ön plana çıkartarak; bu yönetim birimlerini vatandaş taleplerine daha duyarlı olmaya zorlamıştır. Değişimin en önemli ayaklarından birisi de, insan kaynağının yönetimine bakış açısında meydana gelen farklılıklardır. Yerel yönetimlerdeki insan kaynakları yönetimi, özel sektördeki değişimi takip ederek, personel yönetiminden insan kaynakları yönetimine kaymıştır. Çalışanların işe alınması ve maaş, bordro, izin gibi özlük işlerini takip eden personel yönetimi anlayışı değişim süreciyle geçerliliğini yitirmiş; çalışanları bir değer olarak gören ve onların memnun edilmesiyle vatandaş memnuniyetinin sağlanabileceğine inanan insan kaynakları yönetimi geçerlilik kazanmıştır. Çalışanların stratejik birer kaynak olarak görülmesiyle birlikte, onların geliştirilmesine yönelik yaklaşımlar da önem kazanmıştır. Motivasyonla birlikte de değerlendirilen ve çalışanın yaptığı işten memnuniyet düzeyini ifade eden iş tatmini; çalışanları yaptıkları işin sahibi haline getirmeyi amaçlayan personel güçlendirme; çalışanın başarı derecesinin ölçülüp, geliştirilmesini sağlayan performans değerlendirme; çalışanın kuruma bağlılık derecesi olarak ifade edilen örgütsel bağlılık ve çağın en önemli sorunlarından birisi olan örgütsel stres yönetimi; yerel yönetimlerdeki insan kaynaklarının geliştirilmesi kapsamında değerlendirilerek çalışmaya temel olmuştur.

539-553

Authors: Cenk Murat Koçoğlu, Muharrem Avcı

Etik, insanların değerlere dayalı kararlar verdiği bir süreçtir. Herkesin kendi değerlerine bağlı olarak, çeşitli durumları yorumladığı ve tepki verdiği içsel ve öznel bir dünyası vardır. Dünya Turizm Örgütünün 1 Ekim 1999 tarihinde; hızla gelişmekte ve artış gösteren uluslararası turistik hareketliliğin marka varış noktaları için en fazla yararı sağlaması ve bu faaliyetlerin ortaya çıkaracağı olumsuz çevresel ve kültürel sorunların en aza indirilmesi amacıyla turizmde küresel etik kodları bildirgesini kabul etmiştir. Bu çalışma temel olarak lisans düzeyinde turizm eğitimi alan yükseköğretim öğrencilerinin turizmde küresel etik kodların uygulanma düzeylerini algılamalarının belirlenmesi ve bu turizmde küresel etik kodların uygulanma düzeylerini algılamalarının, yaş cinsiyet, uyruk ve etik kodları duyma durumuna bağlı olarak farklık gösterip göstermediğini tespit etmek amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda Kastamonu Üniversitesi Turizm Fakültesinde öğrenim görmekte olan lisans öğrencilerine yüz-yüze, bırak-topla yaklaşımlarının uygulandığı bir yöntem ile anket uygulanmıştır ve toplanan veriler SPSS 22 ile analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen analiz sonuçlarına göre öğrencilerin en fazla uygulanan olarak “Turizm hareketinde özgürlük” faktörünü gördüğünü, en az uygulanan olarak da “Turizm Sektöründe Çalışanların ve Girişimcilerin Hakları” faktörünü görmüşlerdir. Diğer yandan öğrencilerin cinsiyetleri, yaşları, uyrukları ve etik ilkeleri daha önce duyma durumlarına bağlı olarak, turizmde küresel etik kodların uygulanma düzeylerini farklı değerlendirdikleri tespit edilmiştir.

573-588

Authors: Serkan Şengül, Oğuz Türkay

Bu çalışmanın amacı ziyaretçilerin yöresel mutfak memnuniyeti ile demografik farklılıkları arasındaki ilişkilerin tespit edilmesidir. Araştırma örneklemini Sakarya’yı ziyaret eden yerli turistler oluşturmaktadır. Bu kapsamda Sakarya’yı ziyaret eden 662 yerli turist üzerinde anket tekniği kullanılarak bir araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde aritmetik ortalama ve standart sapma, ile farklılık testleri için t-testi ve Kruskal Wallis testleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarında Sakarya’yı ziyaret edenlerin deneyimledikleri yöresel yemekleri, ilgi çekici ve lezzetli buldukları ve bu deneyimden memnun kaldıklarını sonuçları öne çıkmıştır. Ziyaretçilerin yöresel mutfak memnuniyeti cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim durumu, yıllık kişisel gelir, yıllık tatile ayrılan miktar açısından anlamlı düzeyde farklılıklaşırken medeni durum anlamlı bir fark üretmemiştir. Erkeklerin kadınlara göre yöresel mutfak memnuniyetlerinin daha yüksek olduğu, yaş seviyesi arttıkça yöresel mutfaktan duyulan memnuniyetin de arttığı, gelir seviyesi düşük olanların gelir seviyesi yüksek olanlara göre yöresel mutfak memnuniyetlerinin daha yüksek olduğu ve yıllık tatile ayırdıkları miktar düşük olanların yüksek olanlara göre yöresel mutfak memnuniyetlerinin daha fazla olduğu belirlenmiştir.

601-609

Authors: Harun Ceylan, Zeynep Çatalbaş

In this study, we evaluated the relationship among the sociodemographic characteristics of individuals aged ≥65 years who consulted a Family Health Centre in Turkey and their dietary, exercise and medication-use habits. This study aimed to find out the nutrition, medication-use, and exercise habits of the elderly in Turkey and whether demographic characteristics have any impact on their dietary, medication-use, and exercise habits. A 34-item questionnaire was used as a data-collection tool, and body mass index was calculated as an indicator of dietary and exercise habits. Sociodemographic characteristics were independent variables, and dietary habits, physical exercise routines, medication-use habits were dependent variables. Four hundred elderly individuals (208 women, 52%; 192 men, 48%) voluntarily participated in the study. Among them, 270 (67.4%) were in the 65–74-year age group, 279 (69.8%) were married, and 197 (49.2%) were elementary-school graduates. One hundred eighty-two participants (45.5%) were housewives, 192 (48%) were retired, and 294 (73.5%) did not follow a diet plan. One hundred four participants (26%) were Grade-I overweight, 30 (7.5%) were Grade-II overweight, and 3 (0.8%) were morbidly obese. Approximately 70% participants experienced ageing-related changes in their eating habits. One hundred ninety-two participants (48%) undertook physical exercise and sports. Women more frequently had chronic disease (92.3% women vs. 85.9% men), and chronic diseases were the least common among university graduates. Three hundred thirty-five participants with a chronic disease (83.3%) took their medication regularly. Some sociodemographic characteristics of the elderly showed relationships with dietary, exercise, and medication-use habits.