The new historical bulletin

6-18

Authors: A. Astashov

This article based on documents from the Russian State Military History archive and special medical literature looks into self-mutilation and sham illnesses in the Russian army in the World War I, focusing on their scale, forms and development as well as the methods used to combat these violations of military discipline. It is concluded that the command, military justice, and military medicine were unable to deal with these ways of mass avoidance of military service. It was caused by insufficient technical facilities, weak medical expertise, and a lack of legal and organizational means. World War I, Russian army, military personnel, military discipline, self-mutilation, sham illness, military justice, military medicine

18-25

Authors: V. Tepkeev

The article based on new archival materials deals with the first instances of the Kalmyks converting to Christianity in Moscow in the XVII c. The author focuses on the policy of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich’s government towards the Kalmyks, bringing them into alliance with Russia in the conditions of military operations against the Rzeczpospolita and the Crimean khanate. The strengthening of Russian-Kalmyk relations as well as the internal struggle for power in the Kalmyk community contributed to the baptizing of the Kalmyks, who for various reasons had to live in Moscow at that time. Muscovy, Moscow, Alexei Mikhailovich, Kalmyks, Russian-Kalmyk relations, Christened Kalmyks, Сhristianization

26-36

Authors: N. Tsyrempilov

Based on the hitherto unknown Mongol and Tibetan manuscripts and documents from the Russian State Historical Archives, the article is the first attempt in the Russian historiography to reveal the transformation of the Buddhist institutes in the Russian Empire. Special attention is paid to the establishment and development of the administrative system of the Buddhist community and the transformation of Buddhist political conceptions in the Buddhist sangha. The author makes the conclusion that Buriat-Mongolian Buddhists were able to elaborate a model of interaction with a European state as well as to translate it to Mongolia and Tibet. Buddhism, Russian Empire, Siberia, Buriat-Mongols, sangha, ethnic identity, religious identity

58-112

Authors: L. Taimasova

The article based on sources of little renown examines the role of England in the repartition of spheres of influence in the Baltic region during the Livonian War. Attention is paid to the activities of the English Muscovy Company smuggling English arms across the Strait of Oresund and Narva to the countries in the Baltic region. The author focuses on the plan of Tsar Ivan the Terrible to establish the Kingdom of Livonia with Duke Magnus of Holstein at the head, in the context of the diplomatic war for Livonia. It is also revealed that there is a direct relation between the intention of the Muscovy Company to transfer its trade operations from Narva to Revel and Riga and Russia’s claim for these cities. It is concluded that the secret English arms deliveries to the countries participating in the Livonian War through Narva contributed to the positioning of England as a major sea power. Livonian War, Ivan the Terrible, Duke Magnus of Holstein, Muscovy, England, Denmark, Sweden, Rzeczpospolita, Muscovy Company, Narva, Revel, Riga, maritime commerce, smuggling, arms supplies

115

Authors: K. Aleksandrov

The article is a review of the book “Fatal Separation: Russian Military Emigration during the World War II on the Occupied Territories of the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia» (Moscow, 2012) by K.L. Kotyukov. The book is analyzed in the context of the recent practices of studying Russian anti-Bolshevik emigration during the World War II. The author of the article discusses the book’s pros and cons, the correctness of the description of the historical events, sources and literature used, conclusions and results of the research and issues which were not covered in the book. K.L. Kotyukov, historiography, World War II, Russian emigration, Yugoslavia, Russian Corps, collaboration

37-53

Authors: A. Zorin

The article is based on little-known documents from the Orientalists’ Archives at the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts (IOM), RAS, concerning the process of formation and cataloguing of one of the world’s biggest collections of manuscripts and xylograph (block print)books in the Tibetan language dating from 1720 up to late 1917, the emphasis being done on the sources of acquisition, the personalities of the major book collectors, such as Baron P.L. Schilling von Canstatt, the expeditions by some Russian scholars and explorers, such as G.Ts. Tsybikov, B.B. Baradijn, P.K. Kozlov. The author, however, points at the fragmentary character of the documentation in question which makes it hard to arrive at the complete and clear picture of how the Tibetan collection of the Museum of Asia (now The Institute of Manuscripts) was formed. The author concludes that by the mid-1910s this collection had already been a unique corpus on Tibetan Buddhism drawing the attention of both Russian and foreign academics. It contained complete sets of the Tibetan Buddhist Canon, collected works of many important Tibetan authors and, moreover, some ancient and rare texts, such as manuscripts from Dunhuang and Khara-Khoto. Museum of Asia, Institute of Oriental Manuscripts (IOM) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tibetan manuscript, block print, Buddhist literature, book collection, numbering of books, cataloguing, P.L. Schilling von Canstatt, G.Ts. Tsybikov, B.B. Baradijn, P.K. Kozlov

65-73

Authors: M. Polovnikova

The article which is based on documents from the State Archives of the Kirov region covers the activities of the Vyatka Brotherhood of St. Nicholas established by Stephan Kashmensky in 1882. Particular attention is paid to the struggle against “dissenters”, as well as the missionary, religious and educational activities carried out among the local population of the province. The author dwells on the creation and the activities of missionary schools of the Vyatka Brotherhood arriving at the conclusion that the Vyatka Brotherhood has facilitated the consolidation of the Russian Orthodox Church in the Vyatka province. Vyatka province, Russian Orthodox Church, Vyatka eparchy, Vyatka Brotherhood of St. Nikolas, missionary work, “dissent”, S. Kashmensky

84-93

Authors: L. Molchanov

The article is devoted to the Civil war waged on the territory of the Uraanhai krai (Tuva), which was under Russia’s protectorate. The author highlights the struggle for the control over the krai by the government of Admiral A.V. Kolchak, as well as by the Chinese and Mongolian authorities. It is stated that Kolchak’s government was preparing an administrative reform in the Uraanhai krai to the end of strengthening the Russian protectorate which was derailed by such factors as the aggravation of the economic crisis, the defeat of Kolchak’s troops at the front, the intervention of the Mongolian and Chinese troops in the internal affairs of the krai, the wide spreading of the Bolshevik insurgent movement, and the aggravated ethnic contradictions. Russian Civil War, Siberia, Uraanhai krai (Tuva), Uryankhay (Tuvinians), Buddhist Church, Tuvinian officials, A.V. Kolchak, China, Mongolia

110-118

Authors: M. Krotova

The article based on unknown archival documents and also on V.N. Kasatkin’s unpublished memoirs looks at unknown episodes of his biography. The main focus is on the period of his emigrant life in Manchuria, in Harbin, that was hushed up in his memoirs, particularly,his unsuccessful attempt to get the Soviet citizenship and his service at the Japanese War Mission in Manchukuo. It concludes that the former general of Russian and Kolchak’s armies, like many other emigrants in Manchuria, was ready to adopt Soviet citizenship for the sake of survival. Moreover, Kasatkin began to do military service for the militaristic Japan. V.N. Kasatkin, White Movement, Siberia, A.V. Kolchak’s government, Russian emigration, Manchuria, Harbin, USSR consulate, Manchukuo, Japan