Journal of Dental Sciences

1-3

Authors: Pishipati Vinayak Kalyan Chakravarthy

Dens evaginatus (DE) is a rare developmental anomaly of the tooth which presents tubercle like growth above the adjacent tooth surface. This tubercle like growth has pulpal projections which may get easily worn fractured or cariously involved leading to pulpal infection. Dens evaginatus may present difficulty when performing diagnosis and treatment planning. This case report presents successful endodontic treatment of innocuous Dens evaginatus on mandibular second premolar with extensive periradicular lesion and also discusses current treatment strategies available in literature based on pulpal condition and maturity of the apex

1-11

Authors: Anand Farias

Dental Implantology is an exciting and rapidly advancing restorative field, and as with any surgical technique involving manipulation of bone, medical imaging is an invaluable tool for the implantologist. Imaging of the implant sites is required in the diagnostic, surgical, prosthetic and follow-up stages of treatment. However, the side-effects of ionizing radiation associated with medical imaging coupled with an increasing risk of exposure to natural radiation weigh heavily against the choice of imaging modality that is to be used. An informed choice regarding the correct imaging modality at each stage of treatment is therefore of prime importance in the successful treatment of the patient.This review examines the various medical and dental imaging modalities available to the implantologist and attempts to provide a guide for the selection of imaging tool at various stages of treatment to ensure that all required structures are clearly visualized while exposing the patient to the minimal effective dose of radiation throughout the treatment and also inthe follow-up stages

1-4

Authors: Manu Rathee

Vitamin B12occurs in various forms and has a variety of names. It is unusual in its origin. Most vitamins can be made by a wide variety of plants and specific animals but no plant or animal has been found capable of producing Vitamin B12and the most common sources of this vitamin appears to be small microorganisms like bacteria, yeasts, molds, and algae. Its deficiency causes nervousness, generalized weakness, megaloblastic anemia, dementia, etc. Intra-oral signs and symptoms include pale mucosa, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, candidiasis, angular chielitis, glossitis, etc. This paper reviews vitamin B12structure, metabolism, function, sources, deficiency and correlation with oral health along with therapeutic measures

1-5

Authors: Harkanwal Preet Singh

Erythema multiforme (EM) is mucocutaneous disease which has oral manifestations. It is clinically characterized by a “minor” form and a “major” form. It presents a diagnostic dilemma because the oral cavity has the ability to produce varied manifestations.Primary attacks of oral EM are confined to the oral mucosa but the subsequent attacks can produce more severe forms of EM involving the skin.Hence, it is important to identify and distinguish them from other ulcerative disorders involving oral cavity for early management. This article reports an unusual case of Erythema multiforme with oral and lip lesions along with typical target eye lesion atextremities. We emphasize on its early diagnosis and timely management.

1-5

Authors: Prashanti Eachempati

Replacement of missing teeth has become a successful option ever since the discovery of Osseointegration and introduction of implants in the dental field. It has proved to be a therapeutic breakthrough especially for edentulous people. Implants supported over dentures are becoming the first choice of treatment for edentulous patients as they provide various advantages over the conventional dentures most importantly enhancing the denture retention and stability. This article discusses the rehabilitation of a completely edentulous patient with a mandibular implant supported over denture which drastically improved the oral health related quality of life of the patient.

1-4

Authors: Chirag Macwan

Supernumerary teeth can be classified supplemental and rudimentary. Many complications can be associated with supernumeraries, like impaction, delayed eruption or ectopic eruption of adjacent teeth, crowding and unaesthetic in nature. Early intervention to remove it is usually required to obtain reasonable alignment and occlusal relationship. This article will present the clinical management with a conservative approach of a (i) rudimentary supernumerary tooth, (ii) peg shaped lateral incisor and (iii) hypoplasticteeth.

1-6

Authors: Prathibha Prasad

This study was carried out to know the different micro-organisms harboring the cell phones of health care persons working in the dental centre of our hospital and to determine what are the potential pathogenic organisms transmitted via mobile phones. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Two samples were collected by rotating the swabs over all the surfaces of cell phones; one without any sterilization and second sample after decontaminating the cell phone using isopropyl alcohol in the morning. The swabs were inoculated and streaked onto five per cent sheep blood agar, Mac-Conkey agar and chocolate agar. Isolated organisms were processed according to colony morphology and gram stain. Tests for identification of gram positive cocci included catalase, Oxidative/ Fermentative test, anaerobic mannitol fermentation and coagulase production. Tests for identification of gram negative bacilli included catalase, oxidase and other relevant biochemical tests (API 20E). In the samples taken without prior decontamination, 40% of the samples did not show any growth. Staphylococcus species dominated the growth in the remaining specimens. Gram positive bacilli, Pantoe species and Enterobacter Cloacae were also found. In the samples taken with prior decontamination at the beginning of the day, 36% of the samples did not show any growth. Staphylococcus species dominated the growth in the remaining specimens. Gram positive bacilli, Micrococci and Citrobacter Freundii were also found. Since dental aerosols are proven risk factor; any method of reducing aerosols and airborne contamination should be employed along with regular decontamination of cell phones.

1-5

Authors: Rao Lakshmana B

Osteo-Odonto-Keratoprosthesis (OOKP) or ‘Tooth-in-eye surgery’, the original technique was described by Benedetto Strampelli nearly fifty years ago, using the patient’s own tooth root and alveolar bone as vital support to an optical cylinder, for patients with the most severe type of corneal and ocular surface diseases, for whom other treatments would not be useful. The cornea is replaced by a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) optical cylinder glued to a biological support (haptic) made by human living tissue.Prof.Giancarlo Falcinelli has refined and improved this procedure, in a step wise manner. OOKP surgery requires multidisciplinary team approach. Possible complications of this procedure include ulceration of the implant buccal mucosa, ocular infection andsecondary glaucoma. This review article describes the Osteo-Odonto-Keratoprosthesis (OOKP) indications, surgical procedures, advantages and limitations.

1-4

Authors: Cecil Williams

Today lasers technology is influencing our life in many ways. Its advancements in the field of medicine and dentistry are playing a major role in patient care and wellbeing. Lasers are being used for general surgical procedures since long time. It was introduced in dental treatment primarily to overcome the problems due to conventional procedures. Interaction of lasers to soft tissue allow bloodless surgery, least post-operative pain and scarring; since the laser incision is more broad and irregular so it blends better with the surrounding tissue while healing. Lasers for hard tissues encourage efficient diagnosis of caries and improve the resistance of dental enamel to caries, etching of enamel, cavity preparations, photopolymerization of composite resin and sterilization of the root canal system. Lasers are not so effective for removing old restorations and while removing enamel or crown preparation, laser is not as fast as rotary bur. Research has shown thatnear infrared (NIR) wavelengths are ideally suited for numerous soft tissue procedures due to their high absorption in hemoglobin. This fact gives NIR laser the ability to precisely and efficiently cut, coagulate, ablate or vaporize the target tissue. This review article focuses on the application of laser in dental hard and soft tissue procedures

1-5

Authors: Jay Pate

PRF, which belongs to a new second generation of platelet concentrates, with simplified processing, and not requiring biochemical blood handling, has several advantages over traditionally prepared PRP, which hasbeen widely used for accelerating soft tissue and hard tissue healing. However, the preparation being strictly autologous, the amount of PRF obtained is limited. Choukroun’s platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) incorporates leucocytes, platelets and a wide range ofhealing proteins within a dense fibrin matrix. It has a strong fibrin architecture and slow releasing growth factors and glycoproteins over several days. It is a natural bioactive membrane, which can enhance soft/hard tissue healing, at the same time, canalso protect surgical sites,grafted materials from external aggressions. This article describes the evolution of this second generation platelet concentrate and its multipleuses in various surgical procedures.we have attempted to give an overview of PRF including its uses, advantages, its preparation & its microscopic structures.

1-6

Authors: Viral Pravin Maru

As a diagnostic fluid, saliva offers distinctive advantages over serum because it can be collected non-invasively by individuals with modest training. Furthermore, saliva may provide a cost-effective approach for the screening of large populations. Gland-specific saliva can be used for diagnosis of pathology specific to one of the majorsalivary glands. Whole saliva, however, is most frequently used for diagnosis of systemic diseases, since it is readily collected and contains serum constituents. Analysis of saliva may be useful for the diagnosis of hereditary disorders, autoimmune diseases, malignant and infectious diseases, and endocrine disorders, as well as in the assessment of therapeutic levels of drugs and the monitoring of illicit drug use.

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Authors: Smitha Annie Jacob

Saliva, a versatile substance, serves many purposes in the oral environment. Saliva is of crucial importance both in edentulous and dentulous persons. In dentulous persons, it serves as a means of buffering the acids produced in plaque from food debris, supplying the inorganic ions required to remineralize incipient lesions and in diluting and washing away sugars from around the teeth. In edentulous patients, it is very important for the retention and comfort of the prosthesis. A comprehensive knowledge regarding saliva is essential for providing efficient prosthodontic treatment and after care