Voennyi Sbornik

78-88

Authors: Nicholas W. Mitiukov

Barges and praams of the Baltic Fleet have not yet been the object of targeted research. Basically, the biographies of barges converted from warships are written in the works, but even they contain serious gaps. And ordinary barges of special construction are considered by the authors only sporadically, which does not give a complete picture of their operation. During their biography, the barges were renumbered several times, which seriously complicates the reconstruction of their biographies. The purpose of this work is to reconstruct the biographies of barges and praams of the Baltic Fleet in the period from 1934 to 1940 based on the lists of ships in the funds of the RGA of the Navy. The analysis carried out showed that the available literature does not mention the renaming of barges and praams, which took place in December 1940. Obviously, the information of this order is introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The bulk of the ships of the Baltic Fleet was built in the 1850–1860s. To disguise their true age, the documentation contains a phrase about an indeterminate pre-revolutionary building. The floating facilities of the Baltic Fleet, despite their advanced age, were operated quite carefully, which is confirmed by a small percentage of decommissioned ships in the chronological framework under consideration, as well as the fact that most of them underwent major repairs during this period. From which it can be assumed that many of the barges and praams that were in service by the beginning of the Great Patriotic War most likely survived the war and were operated until the 1950s.

101-111

Authors: Vladimir I. Afanasenko

The participation of the Don volunteer Cossack cavalry divisions in the Tuapse front-line defensive operation in September-October 1942 is a little-studied issue. The enemy sought to seize the Novorossiysk and Tuapse ports of the Black Sea in order to deprive the Black Sea Fleet of its military bases and cease to exist, to quickly advance along the coast up to the Turkish border. The natural features of the Western Caucasus, as a theater of hostilities, had a certain influence on the tactics of hostilities of the warring parties. For a quick exit to Novorossiysk and Tuapse, the German command used mountain and light jaeger divisions, designed for “maneuver warfare” on rough terrain with an underdeveloped network of roads and for this they had special weapons and a large number of light horse-drawn carts and special equipment for personnel. Special mountain artillery, machine guns, company, battalion and regimental mortars were massively used. The use of heavy artillery and tanks in the Tuapse direction was limited due to the rugged terrain and insufficient road network. The combat experience of the Cossacks participating in the First World War and the Civil War in the Caucasus and the Carpathians in the creation of mountain pack detachments for the supply of ammunition, food, for the evacuation of wounded comrades, in the organization of guard pickets and strongholds on commanding heights, continuous reconnaissance of enemy forces and means. The 11th and 12th Don Guards Cossack Volunteer Cavalry Divisions during the Tuapse defensive operation played a decisive role in disrupting the Attica operation planned by the General Staff of the German Ground Forces in September-November 1942. This article is the beginning of a study of this topic.

121-127

Authors: Daria A. Korepanova, Nikolay V. Mityukov

Recent combat experience shows an increase in the proportion of missiles fired from transport and launch containers, which are already used even for unmanned aerial vehicles and for missiles that put micro and nanosatellites into orbit. Obviously, in the future, the proportion of products fired from the container will only increase. The paper shows that for calculating the exit of a rocket from a transport-launch container at the early stages of design, the technique used to calculate the internal ballistics of a bullet or projectile with little adaptation to this task is quite applicable. First, it is necessary to take into account the expelling charge fuel (the corresponding combustion law S(e) and the combustion rate de/dt). Secondly, to take into account the deformation of the walls (in the first approximation, at least as a long thin-walled pipe) and thirdly, to calculate the axial overload, since it is one of the main limitations in the terms of reference. The selection of the number of checkers of the expelling charge was made, for the test example the optimal value turned out to be equal to six checkers.

21-42

Authors: Konstantin V. Taran

This study examines the creation and organization of the sniper movement in units and formations of the Black Sea Group of Troops (September 1942 – March 1943). The archival documents of the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, studies, memoirs of Soviet military leaders during the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945, participants in the hostilities of the Wehrmacht troops in the northwestern Caucasus, as well as studies of soviet, russian and foreign authors were used as sources and materials. The author comes to the conclusion that the sniper movement of the Black Sea Group of troops acted effectively in destroying the manpower of the troops of the Hitlerite coalition, which suffered significant losses.