M.I.R. (Modernization. Innovation. Research)

Number 1(45), 2021

8-22
Impact and Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Socio-Economic Dimension

Authors: Shcherbakov G. A.

Abstract

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Number of views: 147

Purpose: the active development of the coronavirus pandemic and measures to counter it by national authorities and international organizations have already influenced the perception of reality by the inhabitants of the planet. There is a natural desire to understand: everything that is happening is a temporary phenomenon, the overcoming of which will return our life to its former course, or the transformations taking place in society are of a long-term nature, and humanity is in the process of forming qualitatively new parameters of existence, which can become a "new normality". The main objective of the study is to conduct a qualitative analysis of changes in the socio-economic sphere associated with the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in the world. The goal is to identify social, economic and institutional processes that can influence the life of society. Methods: a set of methods of practical analysis and theoretical research was used, including: logical, system and abstract methods. Results: the study solves the main task of this work - to conduct a qualitative analysis of the transformations in the socio-economic sphere associated with the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in the world. On the basis of factual and statistical information, the features of the current situation are identified, as well as the processes and trends of development that can lead to fundamental, long-term changes in the socioeconomic life of society. Conclusions and Relevance: a qualitative analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on the social and economic spheres of society shows that the impact of the coronavirus pandemic has crossed the boundaries of the exclusive medical and biological perception of this phenomenon and is increasingly acquiring an economic and socio-humanitarian dimension.

23-33
Modern Approaches to Arctic Development in View of Synergy Potential in the New Risks and Challenges Environment

Authors: Bondareva N. N.

Abstract

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Number of views: 171

Purpose of this article is to consider methodological and organizational approaches in managing the development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation as a complex system at various levels, from the project level to the global level, taking into account the synergy of the potential of the economic platform and the synergy of risks and threats. Methods: the research presented in the article is based on the use of theoretical foundations of managing target processes for solving complex Arctic development problems, applying methods of system analysis, operations research and economic analysis of the development of complex systems from the view of synergy effects. Methods for analyzing the emergence of complex systems, the balance of dynamic integrity, evolutionary development and chaos management, and specific resistance activity were also used. Results: сonsideration of the experience of the complex intensification of the Russian Arctic economic potential at different territorial levels through the system filling with better synergies management of the potential of private-state partnership is presented. It makes possible to identify both the results achieved and the current and future threats and challenges of the region. The author of the study disclosed the organizational and methodological problems of Arctic management, assessed the limitations for the full-scale launch of synergistic management models. Conclusions and Relevance: the presented results of the analysis set the management vector for maximum synergistic activation of financial, logistical and intellectual resources to achieve sustainable, holistic and safe development of the Arctic. The proposed methodological approaches will minimize synergistic resistance of risks and threats to the current policy of the Russian Arctic competitiveness growth.

34-55
Organization of the Public Procurement System in Japan and the Possibilities of Experience of their Application in Russia

Authors: Fedorova I. Yu., Pipiya Yu. S.

Abstract

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Number of views: 282

Purpose: is to identify the features of the organization of the Japanese public procurement system and the applicability of the positive experience for Russia. For this, it is necessary to study the organization of the public procurement system in Japan, highlighting the most effective elements and tools; to show the features of the functioning of the system and possible ways of future development; to give a comparative description of the procurement systems of Japan and Russia; to suggest ways to improve the Russian procurement system, using the experience of Japan. Methods: during the work, general scientific and special research methods were used, including statistical analysis, processing of analytical data, analogies, scientific generalizations, etc. Results: as a result of the analysis of changes in the legislative framework, on the basis of which public procurement in Japan is regulated, the authors examined the qualitative characteristics of the interconnections of the procurement system participants and assessed the development prospects, incl. Special attention is paid to the content and hierarchy of regulatory legal acts regulating the scope of procurement. The important link of the author's research was the procedure for organizing procurement in the course of applying various types of procurement procedures, including open, selective and limited procurement methods. A comparative analysis of the procurement systems of Japan and the Russian Federation allowed us to determine the similarities and differences in the organization of the procurement process. Conclusions and Relevance: as a result of the analysis the validity of the execution of the state order through the competitive procurement system used in world practice has been substantiated. This formed the basis of the targeted approach and the identification of promising directions in the development of the public procurement system in Japan until 2030. The authors highlight the areas that are successfully implemented in the field of public procurement in the Russian Federation. This indicates the positive development of the Russian system, which was created taking into account the best international experience, including Japanese practice. To improve the mechanism of interaction between participants and exchange of experience in the public procurement system, directions have been identified and the most effective tools have been identified.

56-70
Financial Mechanism for the Development of Islamic Business in the Russian Federation

Authors: Youssef H. A.

Abstract

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Number of views: 165

Purpose: in modern conditions in Russia there are regions with a large proportion of the Muslim population that implement initiatives for the development of Islamic business, however, the functioning Islamic business model practically does not differ from the traditional model of Russian entrepreneurship, only individual elements and principles, types and forms of entrepreneurial activity based on principles of Sharia, Islamic banking is being promoted more actively. In this regard, the purpose of this article is to study the financial mechanism for the development of Islamic business in the Russian Federation in the context of the implementation of key areas of state support for entrepreneurship at the federal and regional levels. Methods: the study is based on the use of general scientific methods of induction and deduction, a review of scientific sources; the quantitative assessment is based on the calculation of statistical indicators, in particular: the relative size of the structure of segments of the Islamic economy with comparative studies in the country context of the volume of the halal food market, chain and basic indicators of the series of dynamics of directions of state support for Islamic business and regional levels. Results: the article analyzes the main directions, tools and institutions for the implementation of state support for Islamic entrepreneurship in foreign practices, indicating the active development of legislative, regulatory and organizational infrastructure, large-scale financing of infrastructure support programs. The article also provides an analytical overview of the development of Islamic business in the Russian Federation. Particular attention in the article is paid to the analysis of federal and regional programs to support Islamic entrepreneurship, which made it possible to identify the features of the implementation of the mechanism of state support. Conclusions and Relevance: it has been determined that in Russia the most developed segments of Islamic entrepreneurship are the halal industry, the development of which is supported by state programs at the sub-federal level, and the relationship of partner banking. The factors that limit the development of Islamic entrepreneurship in the Russian Federation have been identified: inadequacy of federal programs for financing Islamic business; the local nature of support for Islamic entrepreneurs within the framework of regional programs («point» principle).

71-82
An Underdeveloped Region: the Imperatives of Reindustrialization (on the example of the North Caucasian Federal District)

Authors: Batov G. H., Khutova L. A., Shogenov T. M.

Abstract

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Number of views: 140

Purpose: the purpose of the study is to develop a methodological toolkit for reindustrialization in the branches of the material sphere of lagging and underdeveloped regions based on the use of information, communication and digital technologies. Methods: the study is based on the use of the methodology of the systems approach, the methodological apparatus of the information society theory, the use of methods of economic and statistical analysis, scientific abstraction, analogies and scientific generalizations. In the course of developing the proposed topic, classical and modern works of domestic and foreign scientists, statistical and empirical material prepared in the process of field research were used. Results: regions with different levels of development function in the country's economy. The greatest problems are associated with underdeveloped and problem regions, which, given their certain potential, cannot yet cope with their difficulties. The situation in which such regions are located requires the search for new mechanisms that will allow us to overcome unfavorable circumstances and embark on the path of highly stable development. Many problems can be solved on the basis of reindustrialization. This requires a transition to continuous digitalization processes, the use of digital technologies and software products that can ensure the development of production systems in the direction of creating a new technological order. Conclusions and Relevance: issues of digital and programmatic reindustrialization of the economy are especially aggravated in lagging and underdeveloped regions, where, due to the poorly diversified sectoral structure of the industry, there is a weak reaction to the formation of investment demand for the production of competitive goods. Such regions, to which the North Caucasian Federal District (NCFD) belongs, can solve problems when using digital and information technologies. The implementation of the proposed measures will allow the region to leave the zone of problems and depression.

83-90
The Determinants of Income Inequality in Bangka Belitung Province

Authors: Redita Nesha, Robiani Bernadett, Anna Yulianita

Abstract

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Number of views: 162

Purpose: this research study focused on analyzing the conditions of income distribution and the determinants of the low Gini coefficient, namely the sectors that have the highest contribution, including the industrial, agricultural and trade sectors and labor productivity in the industrial sector in Kepulauan Bangka Belitung Province. Methods: the income distribution phenomenon in Kepulauan Bangka Belitung Province during the 2007–2018 period became the basis for analyzing the determining variables of income distribution including the industrial sector, the agricultural sector, the trade sector and the industrial labor productivity. The income distribution indicator was measured from the Gini coefficient value using the Panel Data Regression approach to determine the effect of these variables on the Gini coefficient in all regencies / cities in the Kepulauan Bangka Belitung Province. Results: the results showed that the agricultural sector, industrial sector and trade sector had a negative and significant effect on the Gini coefficient. Meanwhile, labor productivity in the Industrial Sector had a significant positive effect on the Gini coefficient. The results showed that the determinant of income distribution was the agricultural sector. Further findings prove that the agricultural, industrial and trade sectors improved the income distribution. Conclusions and Relevance: this study implied for the efforts to increase the agricultural market orientation towards high productivity which was inversely contrast to the output of workers in the industrial sector proven to reduce income distribution. Therefore, the structural transformation towards industrialization and market-oriented efforts from the agricultural sector were necessary.