M.I.R. (Modernization. Innovation. Research)

26-37

Authors: Burukina O. A.

Purpose: the article aims at substantiating the applicability of project management methodology and tools to the tactical and strategic development of the tourism industry at both the global and national levels of economic development. The author sees the possibility of sustainable development of the tourism industry on the basis of a systems approach to improving the functioning of tourism enterprises using the tools and methods of project management. Taking into account the current contribution of tourism to the global economy and the national economies of many countries, the problem of sustainability of tourism enterprises and national tourism industries in general seems to be one of the foundations for solving the problems of sustainable development included in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Methods: the study was conducted on the basis of a systematic approach with the use of logical and comparative analysis of various types of project management methodology potentially applied to tourism projects both for solving operational tourism problems and for the strategic development of tourism industries, as well as the method of structural-functional modeling aimed at laying the foundation for the tourism project management methodology. Results: the problem of sustainability of the tourism industry – the leading sector of the national economies of many countries and the global economy as a whole – has been considered using a systematic approach. An attempt was made to prove the applicability of the project management methodology and tools to the tourism industry and the dependence of the sustainable development of the tourism industry, both at the local and national levels, on more effective management of processes, programs and portfolios based on a systems approach and project management as a method to improve tourism firms’ operations. The methodology of project management in tourism as a driving force for social, economic and cultural change is considered as the basis for successful implementation of projects to ensure benefits for all stakeholders: tour operators, consumers of tourism projects, local communities and all companies involved in tourism projects. Conclusions and Relevance: currently, the tourism industry faces a situation in which tourism projects are implemented in the context of reactive risk and change management with the almost complete absence of proactive change management, which adversely affects the quality of tourism projects and greatly hinders the development of national tourism industries in general. The proposed concept of applying the project methodology based on the author’s model of project management in tourism, the model of the tourism project and the model of TMBOK (tourism management body of knowledge) provides for a system of measures necessary for integrating the project management methodology into the practice of tour operators for the further sustainable development of all tourism business stakeholders.

54-65

Authors: Pospelova T. V., Yarygina A. B.

Purpose: the main purpose of this article is to explore the specific characteristics of the innovation development of South Korea. To achieve this goal the following tasks must be solved in the article: research the main principles and steps in the development of South Korea; identify and analyze the successful factors of the South Korean «economic miracle» that will continue contributing to the development and growth of the country; describe the cultural and organizational factors limiting the speed of transformation of South Korea under the fourth industrial revolution. Methods: the main methods of the research are system, structural and qualitative analyses. For the study, statistical data and articles in Russian and foreign scientific and analytical publications were used. The article is contributed with the empirical findings from the case study conducted during direct involvement of the authors in one of the industrial companies of South Korea. Results: an in-depth analyses of the transformation periods during the innovation development of South Korea was carried out, which made it possible to formulate the conclusion about existing barriers originated in the organisational approaches used to achieve the former industrial success. The problems constraining the new paradigm shift are analyzed. Conclusions and Relevance: the materials stated in the article show that in modern conditions, transition of South Korea towards Industry 4.0 is constrained by several unique factors, that used to be the key success elements in the former stages of the innovation development of the country. The research conducted in this article represents the value to the activities of various organizations interested in the innovation development, especially for development of innovation policies from the aspect of the importance of oranisational and cultural behavior at a national level. Practical application of the suggested conclusions allows hierarchical and monocultural organisations to transition to the Industry 4.0 with the consideration of important economic and social dynamics.

84-98

Authors: Vyakina I. V.

Purpose: the current research aims to study the influence of the subjective perception of control and supervisory activities by regional business on the business environment quality as part of the ongoing state control and supervisory activities reform. The article has solved the following tasks: key factors determining the quality of the business environment and the perception by entrepreneurs of the state economic policy have determined; entrepreneurs' perception of the state activity in reforming state control (supervision) in the Tver region has assessed; main problems arising during the implementation of state control (supervision) measures have identified ); ways have proposed t for their elimination. Methods: study based on systematization and analysis of the results of sociological polls to assess the impact of state and municipal control (supervision) on business, which conducted in Tver region for three years (from 2016 to 2018) and covered more than three hundred heads of small, medium and large enterprises of all municipalities of the region. Content analysis of the regulatory framework and economic and statistical evaluation of the results of sociological surveys carried out; tabular and graphical data visualization methods applied. Results: despite the implementation of the reform and the reduction in the number of inspections in Tver region, an analysis of the results of a survey of entrepreneurs indicates a contradictory situation in the administrative conditions of the business environment. There is no reduction in the administrative burden on business in the subjective perception of entrepreneurs. At the same time, the firm orientation of inspectors for the collection of fines and the fiscal orientation of inspections remains. Conclusions and Relevance: conceptual approach to the implementation of the ongoing reform of state control and supervision activities involves the identification and elimination of administrative barriers with the active participation of the business community. Entrepreneurs do not feel the reduction of administrative burden on business according to their subjective perception. The perception of control and supervisory measures by business representatives determines the quality of the business environment, which has a significant impact on the motivation and performance of business entities. There is no change in the fundamental model for the implementation of state control and supervisory activities according to the business community.

114-132

Authors: Ivashchenko N. P., Bulygina N. I.

Purpose: this work aims to analyze the current development of social entrepreneurship in Russia, identify the characteristic features that accompany the development of the phenomenon, and analyze the financial sustainability of modern Russian social enterprises. Methods: to achieve the stated goal, theoretical research methods – abstraction, analysis and synthesis were used. With the help of these methods, first of all, for the theoretical basis of the concept (review and evaluation of existing approaches to the definition of a phenomenon and similar concepts, as well as developing definition for research purposes), identifying problems of the conceptual apparatus and criteria in practice. As a result, the issues of qualitative and quantitative research of the phenomenon in Russia, as well as for a comparative analysis of social enterprises, supported by a specialized fund in 2015 (data provided by SPARK database). The paper also applied methods of empirical research, economic and, in some cases, financial analysis, namely, a comparison of companies in the sample of interest using the general methodology of financial comparison of enterprises. Within the framework of the study, the composition, direction and lifetime of social and entrepreneurial projects are analyzed using the example of a specific sample, and a formal, legally formalized representation of enterprises of social entrepreneurship in the Spark database. Results: the study showed that at the current time the analysis of the activities of many social enterprises is significantly hampered by their chosen organizational and legal form of activity, many enterprises are unstable or have ceased operations. Conclusions and Relevance: the study found that modern social enterprises have a heterogeneous composition and often a very unstable financial situation several years after receiving support. This result allows us to conclude that it is necessary to test the initial hypotheses on a larger sample. So, the further study of the conditionality of the duration of the "life" of the social enterprise with the initial parameters of the enterprise, such as, for example, the organizational legal form, and also the dependence of the duration of active entrepreneurial activity on the chosen social orientation – after all, small and medium enterprises themselves are rather unstable structures. Based on the conducted research, a hypothesis is also put forward on the need for comprehensive and long-term support of social and entrepreneurial projects.