International Dental Journal of Student Research

Number 4, 2015

No articles found.

Number 3, 2015

113-119
Acidity and Dentistry: Problems and Solutions

Authors: Mayuresh J Baheti, Nandlal Girijalal Toshniwal

Abstract

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Number of views: 412

Dentists are often the first health care professionals to diagnose dental erosion in patients with gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD). Early recognition of dental erosion is important to prevent serious irreversible damage to the dentition. This requires awareness of the clinical appearance of erosion compared to other forms of tooth wear. An understanding of the etiologies and risk factors for erosion is also important. These form the basis of a diagnostic protocol and management strategy that addresses the multifactorial nature of tooth wear. The primary dental care team has the expertise and the responsibility to provide this care for their Patient’s with erosion. Treatment of dental erosion resulting from GERD involves a multidisciplinary approach among family physician, dentist, prosthodontist, orthodontist and gastroenterologist. When possible, dental erosion should be treated with minimal intervention, and such treatment should include control of microflora, remineralization, adhesive restorations and use of biomimetic materials.

120-127
MM-MTA® for a Complete Endodontic Obturation of an Avulsed Immature Permanent Incisor: A Case Report

Authors: Ehsen Abdelmoumen, Sonia Zouiten Skhiri, Abdelatif Boughzela

Abstract

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Number of views: 391

The purpose of this report was to present the treatment of an avulsed immature necrotic permanent central incisor using the new mineral trioxide aggregate (MM-MTA®, Micro-Mega, Besançon, France) as an orthograde root filling. In such cases, the canal remains large, with thin and fragile walls, and the apex architecture remains divergent. This case demonstrates the efficacy of MTA in this particular situation as an effective material to support regeneration of apical tissue in immature necrotic teeth. External inflammatory resorption was detected after 3 months of the endodontic treatment. At the one-year follow-up, there were no clinical symptoms with radiographic healing of periradicular tissues, new hard-tissue formation in the apical area of the affected tooth and stabilization of the resorption.

128-131
Latrogenic Damage to Dental Hard Tissues

Authors: Fayez Hussain Niazi, Zeeshan Qamar, Tayyaba Fatima

Abstract

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Number of views: 360

Adverse or physical condition induced in patient through any treatment procedures by a clinician is known as iatrogenesis. Inthe field of dentistry, dentist needs to deal in a small area with lot of obstructions around the tooth structure. So, iatrogenic damage to the oral and para-oral tissue is likely to occur in every aspect of dentistry.

132-135
Chronic Necrotizing Fasciitis/the Flesh Eating Bacterial Disease – An Unusual Sequel of Odontogenic Infections

Authors: Rashi Bahl, Nilanchal Sahai

Abstract

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Number of views: 375

Cervical necrotizing fasciitis is an unusual encounter in the general surgical practice, but is a life threatening condition requiring early recognition and adequate surgical treatment. Necrotizing fasciitis which holds deep fascia and subcutaneous fatty tissue including primarily surface fascia along with vein and nerve structure, is a fast progressing soft tissue infection of which mortality and morbidity is high. It is rarely seen in head and neck zone and usually develops after tooth and pharynx originated infections. This infection originating from a dental related source is rare. Early diagnosis, proper antibiotic therapy and surgical debridement form the factors affecting the success in cervical necrotizing fasciitis treatment.

136-139
Prevalence of oral lesions in HIV infected children on HAART and its correlation to disease progression at Arthur Davison children’s hospital in Ndola, Zambia

Authors: Charity Katongo Mungabo,Augustine Rukoma, Seter Siziya

Abstract

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Number of views: 356

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral lesions in HIV infected children on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and association of HIV progression with oral lesions at Arthur Davison children’s hospital in Ndola, Zambia. Participants and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 212 children aged 0-15 years. Participants were selected from patients coming to access HAART on any particular day at Arthur Davison Children’s’ Hospital Ndola, Zambia between November and December 2014 following informed consent. Participants needed to have been on HAART for at least one month. Oral lesions were detected and diagnosed based on clinical presentation. Data was captured using Epi Data version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 for windows. The Fisher’s exact test and the Yates’ corrected Chi-squared test were used to compare proportions at the 5% patient significance level. Results: A total of 212 patients were recruited into the study. The majority (47.6%) was in the age group of 10-15 years. More than half (57.2%) of the patients were females. Of the 212 participants, 33 (15.6%) had oral lesions. Angular cheilitis was the most common lesion (8.1%) children, while Herpes simplex was the least common (0.5%). Out of 212 clients, 202 (95.3%) were on first line drugs (Zidovudine, Lamivudine & Niverapine, or Abacavir, Lamivudine & Niverapine). There was no statistically significant association between age and drug regimen (p=0.751). No significant association was observed between CD4 count and lesions (p=0.405). Conclusion: A low prevalence of oral lesions was observed among children on HAART. Adherence and early initiation on HAART is encouraged in order to maintain the low prevalence of lesions in this population.

140-143
Triple Unilateral Fracture of Mandible – A Rare Occurrence

Authors: Abhay T Kamath, Srikanth G, Manish bhagania, Anand Mohan, Prem sasikumar

Abstract

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Number of views: 346

Most fractures of the mandible are contralateral owing to its unique shape and types of forces applied during fracture. Triple unilateral fracture of mandible is extremely uncommon and rarely reported in literature. Dentition free segment adds to the challenges of accurate reduction. This case report talks about a case of right parasymphysis, right angle and right subcondylar fracture of mandible in a 21 year old male and the methods employed for reduction. Non dentate segment is reduced first to maintain vertical ramus height followed by reduction of angle and parasymphysis. The difficulty inherent in treating these fractures can be alleviated with the use of proper sequencing and techniques of open reduction and internal fixation.

144-149
SAF: Paving A Way to Minimal Invasive Endodontics

Authors: Karan Bansal, Rahul Bansal

Abstract

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Number of views: 369

3D cleaning, shaping and obturation of root canals have always been the desired goal of endodontic Treatment which in many cases is difficult to attain. The introduction of NiTi rotary files made a major change in endodontic practice, making treatment easier, safer and faster. All these systems require several subsequent files. Recently, three different concepts of single file systems have been introduced: 1. The single file reciprocating working motion 2. Single file instrumentation using full 360 degrees rotational movement to be used in a full clockwise rotation 3. The Self Adjusting File (SAF). Nevertheless, after 16 Years of intensive development, most of these instruments still share several drawbacks, the major one being the inability to three dimensionally clean and shape oval root canals. The self-adjusting File (SAF) System was designed to overcome many of the current drawbacks of rotary file systems. In this article, we will review the SAF system and its uniqueness in working & its advantages over other systems.

Number 2, 2015

40
A Foreword

Authors: Dr. Nader Hamdan

Abstract

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Number of views: 343

IDJSR is one of the unique and advanced international journals solely made by and for dental students whose role in the dental profession is now being brought to greater heights. Please note that IDJSR is ONLY for dental students (undergraduate/postgraduate) and it provides a platform for the dental students to publish their scientific articles as well as read specialized articles written by their counterparts from other parts of the globe. The International Dental Journal of Students' Research (IDJSR) is an online interactive open-access journal for the communication of all peer-reviewed scientific and dental research.

41
GUEST EDITORIALS

Authors: Dr. Zeeshan Sheikh & Dr. Zohaib Khurshid

Abstract

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Number of views: 359

IDJSR is one of the unique and advanced international journals solely made by and for dental students whose role in the dental profession is now being brought to greater heights. Please note that IDJSR is ONLY for dental students (undergraduate/postgraduate) and it provides a platform for the dental students to publish their scientific articles as well as read specialized articles written by their counterparts from other parts of the globe. The International Dental Journal of Students' Research (IDJSR) is an online interactive open-access journal for the communication of all peer-reviewed scientific and dental research.

42
EDITORIAL

Authors: Dr. Kumar Anshul, Dr. Harsh Rajvanshi, Dr. Ayesha Zaka

Abstract

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Number of views: 402

IDJSR is one of the unique and advanced international journals solely made by and for dental students whose role in the dental profession is now being brought to greater heights. Please note that IDJSR is ONLY for dental students (undergraduate/postgraduate) and it provides a platform for the dental students to publish their scientific articles as well as read specialized articles written by their counterparts from other parts of the globe. The International Dental Journal of Students' Research (IDJSR) is an online interactive open-access journal for the communication of all peer-reviewed scientific and dental research.

43-48
In-vitro properties of calcium phosphate cement as a bone grafting material

Authors: Dr. Ashar Jamelle, Prof. Robert Hill, Dr. David Gillam

Abstract

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Number of views: 368

In 1980’s researchers discovered CPCs (calcium phosphate crystals) which are a bioactive and biodegradable bone grafting material. Phases form after mixing in different compositions with different end products which are mainly two types; Brushite, and a Apatite. Bioactive glass can undergo dissolution in physiological solutions and form a hydroxycarbonated apatite like phase (this includes Octacalcium or Flouroapatite). Novel material can be made by mixing bioglass and Ca(H2PO4)2 and have cements set to form hydroxyapatite or brushite produce HAP, brushite and fluorapatite forming cements. The aims and objectives of this study were to investigate the influence of storage media on the Calcium Phosphate Cements combined with bioactive glass, with respect to properties and phase formed and strength of development. Would the outcomes of storing in a media enriched in calcium and phosphate (that more closely mimics the in vivo conditions, Simulated body fluid) and Tris buffer solution. To See histological and structural that do in-vivo implanted cements show the formation of more hydroxyapatite and higher mineral contents. To determine mechanical properties does it result in higher compressive strength. Functionally does it aid the conversion of Octacalcium phosphate to Hydroxyapatite. Calcium phosphate was measured 0.98 gms and mixed with bioactive glass 1.02 gms and placed in a 6 by 4 Cylinder, placed in aoven. Cements were immersed into both TRIS buffer and Simulated body fluid solution for 1hour, 1day, 7days and 28 days .The compressive strength was determined by a Instron machine. Characterization of phases was seen by analysis through FTIR(spectoscopy) and X-ray diffraction microtomography (determine quantitative measurements of mineral concentration in hard tissue). It was seen that the storage media does have a influence in properties and phases formed.

49-51
Natural and synthetic hydrogels for periodontal tissue regeneration

Authors: Dr. Marco Laurenti Dr. Mohamed-Nur Abdallah

Abstract

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Number of views: 360

IDJSR is one of the unique and advanced international journals solely made by and for dental students whose role in the dental profession is now being brought to greater heights. Please note that IDJSR is ONLY for dental students (undergraduate/postgraduate) and it provides a platform for the dental students to publish their scientific articles as well as read specialized articles written by their counterparts from other parts of the globe. The International Dental Journal of Students' Research (IDJSR) is an online interactive open-access journal for the communication of all peer-reviewed scientific and dental research.

52-54
Bone fenestration: A case report of management of a lower anterior buccal bone fenestration

Authors: Dr. Murai Khalifa Yuliya Mulyar

Abstract

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Number of views: 401

The term fenestration refers to a circumscribed defect that creates a "window" through the bone over the prominent root. This lesion will be seen when the alveolar bone is exposed by a flap surgery, its associated with localized periodontal destruction. This case reports a 62year-oldmale patient who presented with persistent tooth pain at the lower right 2ed incisor, despite repeated root canal treatments by a general practitioner. When the patient visited our clinic, a CT examination was performed and apical fenestration was diagnosed. The tooth was not restorable due to a fracture in the apical third from a previous root canal therapy. Suggested treatment plan was to extract the tooth, perform bone grafting and a future implant.

55-58
A Histological and Clinical Evaluation of Shallow and Deep Probing Depths

Authors: Siavash Hassanpour, Shlomi Tamam , Timur Shigapov

Abstract

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Number of views: 492

IDJSR is one of the unique and advanced international journals solely made by and for dental students whose role in the dental profession is now being brought to greater heights. Please note that IDJSR is ONLY for dental students (undergraduate/postgraduate) and it provides a platform for the dental students to publish their scientific articles as well as read specialized articles written by their counterparts from other parts of the globe. The International Dental Journal of Students' Research (IDJSR) is an online interactive open-access journal for the communication of all peer-reviewed scientific and dental research.

59-60
Prevention of mandibular nerve injury associated with dental implant placement: preoperative and intraoperative recommendations

Authors: Thomas T. Nguyen

Abstract

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Number of views: 342

IDJSR is one of the unique and advanced international journals solely made by and for dental students whose role in the dental profession is now being brought to greater heights. Please note that IDJSR is ONLY for dental students (undergraduate/postgraduate) and it provides a platform for the dental students to publish their scientific articles as well as read specialized articles written by their counterparts from other parts of the globe. The International Dental Journal of Students' Research (IDJSR) is an online interactive open-access journal for the communication of all peer-reviewed scientific and dental research.

61-68
Periodontal Disease and Diabetes Mellitus: Case Report

Authors: H Marie Keeling, Tamara L. Wright

Abstract

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Number of views: 440

IDJSR is one of the unique and advanced international journals solely made by and for dental students whose role in the dental profession is now being brought to greater heights. Please note that IDJSR is ONLY for dental students (undergraduate/postgraduate) and it provides a platform for the dental students to publish their scientific articles as well as read specialized articles written by their counterparts from other parts of the globe. The International Dental Journal of Students' Research (IDJSR) is an online interactive open-access journal for the communication of all peer-reviewed scientific and dental research.

69-74
Sinus lift grafting materials and immediate implant placement: A systematic review

Authors: Dr. Kashif Hafeez, Dr. Aiyesha Wahaj, Dr. Muhammad Sohail Zafar , Dr. Sana Shahab

Abstract

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Number of views: 316

Sinus lift is one of the intricate methods of increasing bone height in the posterior maxilla. Graft materials are used to provide the height and hence increase the implant support and success rate. Successful osseointegration of dental implants required a stable and sufficient amount of bone. There are different types of bone grafting materials including autogenous bone grafts, allografts and xeno grafts. Other newly used materials such as platelet rich plasma is also found to have optimal results. The current study was aimed to assess the implications of dental implants after immediate sinus augmentation and type of graft materials which are suitable to support the sinus lift procedures. A data search was performed based on available electronic data bases (Cochrane data base, Medline/PubMed) for articles published from1990-2013.Sinus lift is combined with various graft materials to increase the bone height. The long term survival of implant depends on surgical techniques, bone volume, graft materials and Implant surface features.

75-81
Laboratorial and clinical impacts of tobacco on periodontal health: A systematic review

Authors: Fahad Sikander Khan, Aisha Aziz , Dr. Sana Shahab, ,Dr. Muhammad Sohail Zafar

Abstract

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Number of views: 349

Use of tobacco has been documented a significant risk factor for the progression of periodontal conditions. The consumption of tobacco is related to intensified depth of periodontal pockets and ligament detachment, alveolar bone loss and susceptible to tooth loss. The main aggravating part in development of periodontal disease is contributed by nicotine that is pharmaceutically active component and a primary constituent of tobacco. It have been documented that negative impact on periodontal tissues is due to hindrance in connective tissue proliferation as a result of affected gingival blood circulation and neutrophil, cytokine production caused by nicotine. Thus, abeyance of tobacco is most important part of periodontal treatments as this renders positive influence on the patients' oral and systemic wellbeing. Tobacco cessation has been included as a part of periodontal therapy and encouraged by dental practitioners. Tobacco cessation counselling is required to educate patient and for the best interest of their oral health. The aim of this review is to report the clinical and laboratory findings on periodontal health. In additions risks involved in tobacco use and possible professional intervention has been discussed.

82-85
A review of the use of laser in periodontal therapy

Authors: Dr. Amir Manzoor Shah , Dr. Khurram Khan , Dr.Fahd Ahmed , Dr.Nida Amir

Abstract

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Number of views: 404

The use of lasers has significantly developed in modern dentistry, however the clinical value and awareness on the benefits of their use is limited. Lasers have made their way in dental treatment since 1994. They have been granted Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval, however the American Dental Association (ADA) is still researching on the outcomes of laser therapy1. This article reviews the use of laser therapy in the initial non-surgical phase of periodontal therapy.

86-90
Prevalence of bleeding gums while tooth brushing among betel nut chewers vs non betel nut chewers in school going children

Authors: Dr. Syed Misbahdduin, Dr. MansoorUl Aziz, Dr. Asma Fazal, Dr. Tayyaba Khairuddin, Dr. Safia Khairudd

Abstract

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Number of views: 357

Betel nut (BN) also referred to as Chalia/Supari has been used for thousands of years. BN chewing is an important and popular cultural habitin India, Bangladesh and Pakistan (the subcontinent).It is being used regularly on individual and family basis. The use of BN is prevailing in the rural and urban areas of Pakistan. In several studies, an association between BN chewing and oral health problems like bleeding gums, sore gums have been identified. These lesions are reported in children and adolescents. This is of great concern not only because of the high cost involved in their management but the morbidity and mortality associated with it. Low cost, easy availability, advertising, role modelling, social acceptance and perception of BN as harmless, contribute to its use. The aim of this cross-sectional study in Central District of Karachi (CDK) was to assess the prevalence of oral soft tissue lesions and to investigate the associations which may exist between oral conditions and BN chewing among the young school going children. Three hundred and sixty students from 17 different schools participated in the study. The mean age was 13.86 ±1.2 years with the age range of 12 to 16 years. Out of these 360 students, 175 were females and 185 were males. The results showed a high prevalence of bleeding gums while tooth brushing among BN chewers (BNC) compared to non-chewers (NBNC) (19% and 3% respectively). The high prevalence of BN chewing (59% of the low socio-economic young population studied) should be addressed at local and government level through support for effective preventive programs and health promotion campaigns. Promotion of oral health and eradication of BN chewing are important goals for the prevention of oral cancer among this population.

91-95
Short communication: Stem Cells for Periodontal Tissue Regeneration

Authors: Dr. Mohamed-Nur Abdallah, Dr. Mai S. Ali

Abstract

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Number of views: 331

IDJSR is one of the unique and advanced international journals solely made by and for dental students whose role in the dental profession is now being brought to greater heights. Please note that IDJSR is ONLY for dental students (undergraduate/postgraduate) and it provides a platform for the dental students to publish their scientific articles as well as read specialized articles written by their counterparts from other parts of the globe. The International Dental Journal of Students' Research (IDJSR) is an online interactive open-access journal for the communication of all peer-reviewed scientific and dental research.

96-107
Periodontal Disease in Immunodeficient Patients: Clinical Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management.

Authors: Morvarid Oveisi, Oriyah Barzilay, Ahmed A. Hanafi

Abstract

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Number of views: 331

Primary immunodeficiency diseases are rare hereditary conditions that usually occur at a young age; however, secondary immunodeficiency is acquired due to disease, drug treatment and is increasing in frequency among the population. Although periodontal diseases related to these conditions are secondary to other life threatening manifestations, they are very common and easily detectable by the patient, patient guardians and periodontists. Periodontists have a major role in both helping to detect undiagnosed diseases, as well as improving the oral care of diagnosed patients, thus a thorough knowledge of these conditions, causes, local and systemic involvement, diagnostic tools and proper management is very important. This article summarizes selected primary and secondary immunodeficiency conditions such as neutropenia, leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) and Chediak-Hegashi syndrome, and places schematic, diagnostic, and management steps that may help periodontists manage unexplained severe periodontal diseases related to immunodeficiency.

108-111
Autogenous Connective Tissue Graft for the Treatment of Localized Gingival Recession: A Case Report

Authors: Dr Zohaib Akram, Dr Haroon Rashid, Dr Fahim Vohra

Abstract

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Number of views: 344

IDJSR is one of the unique and advanced international journals solely made by and for dental students whose role in the dental profession is now being brought to greater heights. Please note that IDJSR is ONLY for dental students (undergraduate/postgraduate) and it provides a platform for the dental students to publish their scientific articles as well as read specialized articles written by their counterparts from other parts of the globe. The International Dental Journal of Students' Research (IDJSR) is an online interactive open-access journal for the communication of all peer-reviewed scientific and dental research.

Number 1, 2015

1
FOREWORD

Authors: Dr. Sumeet Grover

Abstract

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Number of views: 343

IDJSR is one of the unique and advanced international journals solely made by and for dental students whose role in the dental profession is now being brought to greater heights. Please note that IDJSR is ONLY for dental students (undergraduate/postgraduate) and it provides a platform for the dental students to publish their scientific articles as well as read specialized articles written by their counterparts from other parts of the globe. The International Dental Journal of Students' Research (IDJSR) is an online interactive open-access journal for the communication of all peer-reviewed scientific and dental research.

2
EDITORIAL

Authors: Dr. Kumar Anshul, Dr. Harsh Rajvanshi, Dr. Ayesha Zaka

Abstract

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Number of views: 333

IDJSR is one of the unique and advanced international journals solely made by and for dental students whose role in the dental profession is now being brought to greater heights. Please note that IDJSR is ONLY for dental students (undergraduate/postgraduate) and it provides a platform for the dental students to publish their scientific articles as well as read specialized articles written by their counterparts from other parts of the globe. The International Dental Journal of Students' Research (IDJSR) is an online interactive open-access journal for the communication of all peer-reviewed scientific and dental research.

3-11
Development and evolution of classification of periodontal diseases: An insight

Authors: Dr. Mahajan Aaditi , Dr. Kolte Rajashri , Dr. Kolte Abhay

Abstract

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Number of views: 369

IDJSR is one of the unique and advanced international journals solely made by and for dental students whose role in the dental profession is now being brought to greater heights. Please note that IDJSR is ONLY for dental students (undergraduate/postgraduate) and it provides a platform for the dental students to publish their scientific articles as well as read specialized articles written by their counterparts from other parts of the globe. The International Dental Journal of Students' Research (IDJSR) is an online interactive open-access journal for the communication of all peer-reviewed scientific and dental research.

12-16
Combined inflammatory and drug induced gingival overgrowth in a patient with cardiovascular disease. A Case Report

Authors: Dr. Nandini Manjunath, Dr. Ria Susan George, Dr. Malav Sheth

Abstract

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Number of views: 295

IDJSR is one of the unique and advanced international journals solely made by and for dental students whose role in the dental profession is now being brought to greater heights. Please note that IDJSR is ONLY for dental students (undergraduate/postgraduate) and it provides a platform for the dental students to publish their scientific articles as well as read specialized articles written by their counterparts from other parts of the globe. The International Dental Journal of Students' Research (IDJSR) is an online interactive open-access journal for the communication of all peer-reviewed scientific and dental research.

17-24
Digital Photography in General and Clinical Dentistry- Technical Aspects and Accessories

Authors: Dr. R.Sreevatsan , Dr. Koshi Philip, Dr. Elbe Peter, Dr. Kanwar Singh, Dr.Manvendra Singh Gahlot

Abstract

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Number of views: 1043

IDJSR is one of the unique and advanced international journals solely made by and for dental students whose role in the dental profession is now being brought to greater heights. Please note that IDJSR is ONLY for dental students (undergraduate/postgraduate) and it provides a platform for the dental students to publish their scientific articles as well as read specialized articles written by their counterparts from other parts of the globe. The International Dental Journal of Students' Research (IDJSR) is an online interactive open-access journal for the communication of all peer-reviewed scientific and dental research.

25-28
Giant cell granuloma of the maxilla

Authors: Dr. Ajinkya Vyawahare, Dr. Amit Sangle, Dr. Shilpa Arora, Dr. Khadija Samoon Suterwala, Dr. Pavan Va

Abstract

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Number of views: 326

IDJSR is one of the unique and advanced international journals solely made by and for dental students whose role in the dental profession is now being brought to greater heights. Please note that IDJSR is ONLY for dental students (undergraduate/postgraduate) and it provides a platform for the dental students to publish their scientific articles as well as read specialized articles written by their counterparts from other parts of the globe. The International Dental Journal of Students' Research (IDJSR) is an online interactive open-access journal for the communication of all peer-reviewed scientific and dental research.

29-33
Management of Dry Socket using Ozone gel vs. Alvogyl – Prospective Clinical trial

Authors: Dr. Anum Rehman Khan, Dr. Jasia Abid

Abstract

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Number of views: 521

Aim: The aim of this pilot study was to estimate the clinical efficiency of the ozone gel therapy in patients with dry socket. Objective: the objective of this study is to investigate the effect of ozone on dry socket/alveolar osteitis as it has remarkable healing properties with its spontaneous and catalyzed breakdown of the molecule it is suitable for use in the mouth during surgical interventions Method: 5 patients were chosen with ozone and 5 patients with alvogyl as a control. 1ml syringes were filled with ozone olive oil for the experiment. This Ozone was placed in the same way as alvogyl which includes placing alvogyl in the socket after irrigation and debris removal. After the placement, the socket was observed for 2 days and the patient is called for follow up. These patients will be medically fit, adult male or female in age range of 15-60 who have undergone non-surgical extraction, not taking analgesic, antibiotic or oral contraceptive, and who does not smoke. Results: Fisher Exact Test was used to analyze the clinical signs and severity of pain. Conclusion: Over the years little progress has been made in establishing firm conclusions as to how best dry socket should be managed. Our recommendations are based on a review of the literature, being the best available evidence on which to base our clinical practice.

34-39
Direct Composite Resin Veneer Technique: A Clinical Case Report of Management of Misaligned Dentition

Authors: Dr. Zeeshan Sheikh, Dr. Nida Zahra Ghazali, Dr. Amber Sheikh

Abstract

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Number of views: 415

The demand for esthetically pleasing restorations in clinical dentistry is ever growing. There are a variety of procedures and material options to choose from. This choice is based upon the wants and desires of the patient. It is very challenging for the dentist to satisfy the needs while at the same time keeping within the budget of the patient. As dentists, it is required of us to develop the skill sets for providing esthetically pleasing results without compromising the biological and functional principles of natural dentition. There is usually no one procedure or material indicated for all situations and providing the patient with multiple options is the key. Veneers are well suited for esthetic and conservative improvement of anterior and posterior teeth. Laboratory fabricated porcelain or composite resin veneers present optimal esthetics and durability. Direct composite veneers provide an additional viable option to the clinician to use where porcelain veneers cannot be used of afforded. Mastering the art of direct composite resin veneering is not easy and is highly technique sensitive. However, when performed for the appropriate case it allows for artistic expression and very impressive clinical results. Here we present a clinical case where a young patient who could not afford extensive dental restorative or orthodontic treatment was treated with direct composite resin veneering to correct misaligned anterior maxillary teeth. The results obtained were both esthetically and functionally acceptable and allowed for the patient to have a smile she otherwise could not attain.