International Journal of Research and Review

5-9

Authors: Dr. Vandana KL, Dr. PriyankaJairaj Dalvi

Invasion of bifurcation and/or trifurcation of multi-rooted teeth are the most serious complications of periodontitis, resulting in early and frequent loss of molars than any other teeth type. The current report describes a novel approach of direct application periodontal ligament stem cells using stem cell application in periodontal regeneration technique in regeneration of furcation defect bypassing ex vivo culture. We used soft tissue harboring the periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) adherent to the root of an extracted impacted wisdom tooth along with its cementum and dentin shavings to restore the periodontal furcation defect of another molar of the same patient. The current approach resulted in improvement in clinical parameters, probing pocket depth reduction and gain in clinical attachment loss with negligible changes in gingival marginal position and clinical and radiographic improvement in furcation defect. Stem cell application in periodontal regeneration technique has emerged as a constructive avenue in treatment of periodontal furcation defects. Moreover the clinical feasibility, success and cost effectiveness over currently available techniques are encouraging.

14-18

Authors: Sunil J. Kulkarni

Wood is the most abundant non-toxic, recyclable and biodegradable natural material. The failure to control wood-destroying insects and fungi causes additional forest cutting. Wood preservation allows us to increase the service life of wood. Investigations by some researchers reveal that performance of wood preservation techniques can be changed by chemical modification of wood structure through the formation of adducts and the treatment with nano-materials. Compounds such as Acid Copper Chromate (ACC), Alkaline Copper Quaternary (ACQ), is-(N-cyclohexyldiazeniumdioxy)-copper (Cu-HDO), Borates, Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA),Chromium, Copper Azole (CA),Creosote are used as wood preservatives. Environmental concerns and increasing energy demand calls for effective wood preservation methods.

23-25

Authors: Dr. Rakesh Kumar, Dr. Bhupendra Singh, Dr.Babita, Dr. Naveen Paliwal, Dr Neelam Meena

Cystic hygroma is a benign congenital tumour without any potential to malignancy. Its incidence of 1/6000 live birth commonly located in neck region. It is commonly present in pediatric age group rather than adult. Perioperative anesthetic management of large neck mass is real challenge due to difficulty in airway and hemodynamic management. We present a 3 month old male child admitted in hospital with swelling on right side of neck (10×8×6cm) extending to floor of mouth. . Initially child was put on conservative management. Swelling increases in size lead to push the tongue towards oropharynx causes respiratory distress and hemodynamic instability so emergency surgery was planned. Patient intubated keeping on spontaneous respiration after giving premedication and sevoflurane. Perioperative fluid and blood given according to weight and blood loss. After surgery patient shifted to neonatal ICU and next day patient extubated successfully

29-36

Authors: Ritu Devi, Sunita Manhas, Suvarna Prasad, Shubhangi Sharma, Neeru Bhaskar, Shikhaa Mahajan

Metabolic syndrome is a group of disorders, interconnected factors that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It includes high blood pressure (hypertension), large line waistline (central obesity), dyslipidemia (increase triglyceride and low level of high density lipoprotein) and increase level of fasting blood glucose. The insulin resistance plays a paramount role in connecting the different components of metabolic syndrome and adding to the syndrome’s development. In addition increase free fatty acids, increase oxidative stress and alteration in adipokine profile in patients of metabolic syndrome.

47-55

Authors: Dr. Shweta Bulle, Dr. B.D. Bande

Background and Aims: Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation are associated with an increase in heart rate, systemic blood pressure, pulmonary arterial pressure and capillary wedge pressures. These hemodynamic changes are well tolerated in normotensive individuals, but are of greater significance in patients with coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disorders, and have been recognized as a potential source of a number of complications. Methods: This randomized study was done to compare and evaluate the efficacy of Lignocaine and Magnesium sulphate to attenuate the cardiovascular response to endotracheal intubation in ASA I patients. This study included 60 patients of ASA grade I aged between 15 and 45 years, scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia. Patients were randomized into two groups of 30 each. There was no significant difference in demographic or baseline hemodynamic variables between the two groups. Group L received i.v. Lignocaine in the dose of 1.5mg/kg 3 minutes before induction and Group M received i.v. Magnesium sulphate 40mg/kg over 1 minute just before induction. Results: We found a significant rise in heart rate in both the groups but the rise was significant in Lignocaine group as compared to Magnesium group. (p value < 0.01) There was rise in systolic blood pressure immediately after drug administration in both the groups (p value <0.05). It remained significant at 1 minute after intubation but returned to baseline at 3 minutes, which dropped below baseline at 5 minutes post intubation in group M. In group L significant rise in SBP at 1 and 3 minutes was observed which returned to baseline at 5 minutes post intubation. The rise in SBP was significantly higher in group L as compared to group M (p value <0.05). The rise in DBP was observed in both the groups upto 3 minutes after intubation (p value <0.01) which further dropped below baseline in either groups (p value < 0.05). The progressive rise was significant in group L as compared to group M (p value < 0.01) Conclusion: Magnesium sulphate provides fairly good and sustained control over rise in HR, SBP and DBP during laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation in ASA grade I patients as compared to Lignocaine.

63-67

Authors: Dr. Ghanshyam Swami, Dr. Kusum Devpura, Dr. Varun Meena, Dr. Luvdeep Dogra

Background: Febrile seizure is the most common convulsive event in children younger than 60 months and often recurs within the first twenty four hours. It has been observed that children with recurrent febrile seizure have lower serum sodium levels. Objective: To ascertain the role of serum sodium level as a predictor of seizure recurrence within the same febrile illness. Materials & Methods: 60 children admitted for febrile seizure between 6 months to 60 months were included in the study. An age and sex matched group of 60 children with fever but no convulsions were the controls. Serum sodium levels were evaluated in all children. Children with seizures were further divided in two groups based on serum sodium level into Group A with serum sodium level <135 mEq/L and Group B with serum sodium level >135 mEq/L. Both these group were followed for next 24 hour for recurrence of seizure. Results: Although we did not found any significant difference in the mean serum sodium levels between children with febrile seizures and controls (138.73 + 5.45 mEq/L & 139.73 + 4.65 mEq/L respectively) with p value >0.05 but there were significantly higher mean number of seizures (2.17 + 0.95) in cases having serum sodium level less than 135 mEq/L than cases having serum sodium level more than 135 mEq/l (1.45+ 0.82) within the case group with p value <0.01. Conclusion: Serum sodium level can assist in predicting the risk of recurrence within the same febrile episode although there appear to be no significant association of low serum sodium level and its predisposition to occurrence of initial febrile seizure episode.

73-75

Authors: Sunil Jayant Kulkarni

The treatment of solid waste can be carried out by various methods like sanitary landfill, composting and incineration. Aerobic and anaerobic digestion methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. Aerobic method needs diffusion of air through waste. Also sizeable amount of sludge is produced in aerobic method. Aerobic methods are most common in the waste treatment because of simplicity and effective treatment. The studies reveal that it is important to achieve an optimal system for processing organic waste.