International Journal of Research and Review

1-8

Authors: G. M. Kavya, Sushila Sharma

A healthy woman can make healthy family and ultimately a healthy nation. Healthy state of women is very much needed for the society, it growth and prosperity. Ayurveda one of the world’s oldest system of health, gives a detail description of stree roga vyadhies. The fundamental principle followed here in treating these diseases affecting female genital tract is directing towards Panchakarma chikitsa. The purificatory measures to be followed for the purpose of detoxification of the body itself are shodhana karma. It is the prime factor of the Panchakarma chikitsa. For all most all diseases of the female genital tract, treatment modality starts from shodhana karma. So for women to be healthy, undergoing the shodhana karma according to the season is very much needed for the prevention of these diseases. Here an attempt is made for the conceptual study and analyzing of complete diseases of Stree roga. All the classical references regarding chikitsa of the same were collected and analyzed. Study of all these chikitsa sutra found beneficial. All of them are directing towards single base line treatment of Panchakarma chikitsa. The vamanadi shodhana karma can only make the women free from these diseases. The conceptual study of these treatment modality also gives the hint towards preventing the same diseases by following Shodhana karma according to the season every year.

14-17

Authors: Sunil J. Kulkarni

Efficient use of energy resources is one of the most sought after area of studies and research among energy and environment fields. The natural resources of fuel are depleting day by day. The use of renewable resources is considered as promising option. The recovery of waste heat from different thermal units such as boilers, internal combustion units, air conditioners etc. can save considerable amount of energy. Also it reduces thermal pollution. Various investigators have carried out investigation on the use of various waste heat recovery methods. Current review summarizes research and studies on regeneration and recovery of waste heat.

23-26

Authors: Sunil J. Kulkarni

The boundary layer formation plays major role in momentum, mass and heat transfer. The concept and understanding of boundary layer is important to know the transfer phenomenon in fluids. In flow past immersed bodies, the formation of boundary layer is predominant phenomenon. Formation of boundary layer and its thickness depends on roughness, velocity of flow and fluid properties. The current review emphasizes importance of boundary layer and research and studies on boundary layers.

32-35

Authors: Bala Murali Krishna Perala, Rama Lakshmi Koripella, Sulakshana Sony Cheemala

Introduction: Enteric fever which includes typhoid and paratyphoid fever is a systemic febrile illness caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar typhi and Salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi A, B or C respectively. The definitive diagnosis of typhoid fever requires the isolation of Salmonella typhi but in developing countries, facilities for isolation and culture are often not available and diagnosis relies upon the clinical features of the disease and detection of agglutinating antibodies to Salmonella typhi by the Widal test. Widal test has been widely used for the diagnosis of typhoid fever, simply owing to the fact that no other sero-diagnostic test of sufficient sensitivity and specificity along with cost effectiveness has been developed till date, especially in typhoid endemic regions. The present study was conducted with the aim to determine the prevalence of seropositivity of Salmonella typhi infections in a tertiary care hospital in South India. Materials and Methods: A total of 270 blood samples received in the Microbiology department, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam from January to May 2016 were tested by conventional rapid slide agglutination test. Positive and negative controls were included in each batch of the test. Diagnostic titres of 1:80 and above were taken as positive. Results: Out of 270 samples 84 (31.1%) were positive. Out of the total samples 124 (46%) samples were from males and 146 (54%) females. Most of the samples 128(47.7%) were from 1-20 years age group followed by 58 (21.48%) from 21-30 years. Maximum positive cases 43(15.8%) were from females and 41(15.2%) from males. Conclusions: The disease remains an important public health problem in developing countries. Proper sanitation, public health education and vaccination are the long term preventive measures to decrease or control the disease. Updated data on the incidence or prevalence of typhoid fever is essential before introducing the vaccines into regular programmes.

43-52

Authors: Meirele Rodrigues Inácio da Silva, Giana Zarbato Longo, Paulo Roberto dos Santos Amorim, Patrícia Feliciano Pereira, Fernanda Karina dos Santos, Danielle Cristina Guimarães da Silva, Wellington Segheto, Andréia Queiroz Ribeiro

Introduction: The alarming increase of sedentary behavior (SB) in recent years, mainly by the increasing screen time, emerges as an important public health problem in different population groups. Objectives: this study aimed to identify the distribution of sociodemographic, behavioral and health knowledge for time in SB in adults. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, with sampling by conglomerates. 970 adults were evaluated, aged 20-59 years, residents in Viçosa, MG. Sociodemographic and behavioral variables and the SB were evaluated through a structured interview. Results: Participants spent, in average, 329 min/day sitting (CI 95 % 317.61-340.26) and 147 min/day watching TV (CI 95 % 140.07-153.41). The younger age, being student, living without partner, meeting the physical activity recommendations, having higher schooling and higher socioeconomic level, having meals in front of TV and presenting a greater caloric consumption were identified as factors related to the “sitting time”. Among the factors possibly related to the “TV time”, working, socioeconomic level C, living with partner, knowing the physical activity recommendations and the relationship between SB and cardiovascular disease, having meals in front of TV and higher caloric consumption can be listed. Conclusions: Knowing how traits are distributed according to the time in sedentary behavior, helps in planning effective actions to reduce physical inactivity. It is recommended that sedentary behavior be considered independently of the level of physical activity form in planning health interventions.