Rybohospodars'ka nauka Ukrayiny (Fisheries Science of Ukraine)

7-14

Authors: І. Hrytsyniak, А. Chuklin, І. Buzevych

Purpose. Definition and analysis of biological criteria for qualified materiality harm caused by the fishing industry as a result of illegal extraction of water biological resources. Methodology. The calculations were carried out for the top of the Kanev reservoir and were based on data from the Water of Life reserves the Kanev reservoir identified Institute of Fisheries NAAS within acceptable elaboration of industrial catches for 2013 year. Index of an average natural mortality were determined by the method of P.V. Tyurin. In the calculations indicators used listed in the acting regulatory and technical literature. Findings. As a criterion for determining the materiality of damage used daily natural mortality rate, which is accepted at 0,1 % of the balance. It is established that for certain types of top of the Kanev reservoir extraction already 1 ind., can lead to consequences that are assessed as significant. However, the simultaneous extraction of several species in an amount which is less than the limit also requires evaluation from the standpoint of materiality. To this end, proposed criterion is expensive - in calculating losses greater than 266 tax-free minimum incomes of citizens, damage fisheries can be considered significant. Originality. First proposed procedure for assessing the impact on the ichthyopopulation of illegal fishing from the standpoint of materiality damage. Practical value. The results are used in the preparation of expert reports for regulatory environmental agencies. Keywords: ichthyofauna, natural mortality, illegal removal, harm to fisheries.

26-34

Authors: N. Starkо

Purpose. Establishing change the basic structural and functional characteristics of the sediments under the influence of waste going fish farming in tanks. Methodology. Bottom sediment samples were collected using a 1 m of dirt tube (SOI-1), according to the standard requirements. Water-physical properties of sediments were investigated in accordance the recommendations of B. Novikov (1985) and A. Denisova et al. (1987). Determination of the gross content of organic matter carried by loss after calcining. Oxygen consumption in sediments was studied by the method V. І. Romanenko and V. A. Romanenko (1969). Determination of the amount of sediments, which are formed from waste fish farming, carried out in two different ways: by calculating the income from tanks suspended solids and by direct determination of the sediment under the tanks. Findings. Was established that intensive fish farming waste flow predetermines a significant (up to 4) increase the organic matter content. Thus, even 2 years after the reduction of volumes of fish farming tanks and even remove volumetric mass of the skeleton to the initial values of deposits are not refundable. The concentration of organic substances in the zone of the tanks lines causes increased intake of dissolved oxygen, which leads to deterioration in gas mode, especially in the bottom layers of water and may cause suffocation situations. According to our research, the role of tanks lines in shaping total volume of sediment rather low (up to 2%), but their effect on the structural characteristics of sediments allows to evaluate the role of this activity in the overall balance of production-destruction processes as significant. Originality. Was first quantified the role of fish farming in tanks on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sediments cooling ponds Zmievsk TPР and Kursk NPP. Practical value. The results will be used in the development of water conservation measures in the integrated use of cooling ponds TPР and NPP. Keywords: the basin - cooler, fish farming in tanks, sediments, oxygen regime.

46-54

Authors: I. Hrytsyniak, A. Tuchapska, S. Krazhan, Y. Tuchapsky

Purpose. To explore effect of environmental conditions, the level of development of natural food base and feeding of cultivated fodder zooplankton on tribal fingerlings Lyubinsky scaly carp growth. Methodology. The development of natural food base of nursery ponds stimulated bymaking compost from cattle at 4 t/ha and the introduction of the mother culture of Daphnia magna at 2 kg/ha. In the experimental pond in July was introduced of 60 kg/ha of zooplankton caught in the pond-cultivator which is based on daphnia magna, also in this pond daphnia magna cultured in corf of nylon sieve, allowing fingerlings carp in July – August, was suckled by 5 kg/ha of water fleas. the growth of carp fingerlings were determined by regular check-caughting and analyzed, taking into account environmental conditions, availability of natural food and feeding characteristics. Findings. Prior to the beginning feeding carp fingerlings of average daily increments were higher by 10 % under the best of natural food base pond. In July, when feeding carp fry feed cereal, the introduction of zooplankton contributed to their highest intensity on 46,8 – 88,4 % growth, while the average daily growth rates ranged between 0,4 – 1,0 g. In August, average daily growth decreased from 0,44 – 0,57 g in the first decade to 0,17 g in the third decade. For unstable oxygen regime, which was observed when the temperature of the water and the accumulation of organic matter, the rate of growth of fingerlings decreased. Originality. First studied the growth rate of breeding fingerlings carp provided they are feeding zooplankton, as well as, the influence of environmental factors, the state of development of natural food base and feed composition on the growth of of fingerlings. Found that under favorable environmental conditions, feeding carp fingerlings on zooplankton in the amount of 2 kg/ha/day when feeding grain feed increases the absolute daily gain on 46,8 – 88,4 %, and the relative ― on 25,7 – 50,9 %. Practical value. To increase the growth rate of carp fingerlings and feed efficiency of feed grains is recommended fertilizing cultivated their zooplankton, for which the use of breeding ponds and corf cultivators of nylon sieve or polyamides fabrics set in the nursery ponds. Keywords: growth rate, breeding fingerlings carp, introduction, natural food base.

62-71

Authors: G. Dobryanska, A. Melnik, O. Deren, N. Mikhaylenko

Purpose. Definition fish productivity of the experimental ponds, fixed set of chemical parameters, that are specific to the environmental condition of water, which is the process of growing fish in a certain relation to it, and the level of accumulation of heavy metals in different organs and tissues of carp. Methodology. The ponds was three breed groups one-years carp average weight 39,7 g (hybrid of carp and wild carp, crossbreed frames carp, lyubin scaly carp) with planting density 1000 ind./ha. Control group of carp was fed extruded feed containing 20 % protein, and research group ― the same feed, which was added in the manufacturing process, chopped dried Echinacea purpurea in the amount of 1 %. The duration of the experiment was 86 days. Definition of hydro-chemical parameters was performed by standard methods in analytical chemistry. Quantitative determination of the concentration of heavy metals in water and the organs and tissues of fish was performed by direct absorption solution in propane- butane- air flames using absorption spectrophotometer C- 115- M1. Findings. It was reviewed ecological status of water bodies. Found that when used in feeding carp Echinacea purpurea increased fish productivity, reduced cost of feed for growing. Chemical composition of experimental ponds water, while virtually unchanged. The comparative characteristics of heavy metals in organs and tissues carp in this part of the diet. Originality. At first time investigated the influence of Echinacea purpurea by adding it to feed on fish productivity, accumulation and distribution of heavy metals in organs and tissues of carp. Practical value. Fish productivity in the experimental ponds was higher by 20,4 % relative to control. Costs of feed per pound of gain decreased by 13,3 % when was used in fish feeding chopped dried Echinacea purpurea. Almost all metals accumulated in the organs and tissues of experimental groups of carp in a somewhat lesser extent. Keywords: Echinacea purpurea, heavy metals, fish productivity, scaly and frame carp, carp hybrids, hydro-chemical regime.

79-88

Authors: N. Smirnyuk, I. Buryak, L. Tovstenko

Purpose. To analyze production of fish and fish products in Ukraine and to determine aspects pg successful functioning of fish products at internal market of Ukraine. Methods. Analysis of fish and fish products in Ukraine was conducted using methods generally accepted in economy. Variants of forecasted demand-proposition balances were calculated oriented at forecasted data of the “State purpose-oriented economical program of fish industry development for 2012-2016”. For composing forecasted demand-proposition balances for fish products, we used a methodological approach based on the “Method for composing demand and proposition balances of agricultural products and food supplies” according to generally accepted international scheme. Findings. The studies demonstrated that the tendency of fish harvest amounts reduction in Ukraine continued. E.g., according to the State Statistics Service, during the period of 2008-2012, fish catches dropped from 224.2 thousand tons to 203.9 thousand tons or by 9.1%, and by 3.4% compared to the previous year 2011 that is 96.6% of the catch of 2011. The analysis demonstrated that production of fish products in Ukraine in 2012 was 148.18 thousand tons. During last five years, amounts of their production dropped by 25.3%.It was estimated that supply of domestic food fish products for population of Ukraine during last 5 years was on average about 4 kg per capita. The deficiency of domestic production was covered by import. It was found that per capita consumption of fish and fish products in Ukraine for 5 last years dropped from 17.5 kg in 2008 to 13.6 kg in 2012 that first of all was due to decrease of fish and fish products import to Ukraine from 581.6 thousand tons in 2008 to 439.8 thousand tons in 2012. Despite decrease of amounts of fish and fish products imported to Ukraine, its part in internal consumption fund of these products remains high enough and is at the level of 71.0% with a 30% threshold criterion of food independence indicator.The studies demonstrated that decrease of average per capita consumption resulted in reduction of internal market capacity. E.g., during last 5 years, the internal market capacity dropped from 810.8 thousand tons in 2008 to 620.1 thousand tons in 2012 or by 23.6%.It was found that a necessary condition for successful functioning of fish product market was formation of an optimum demand-proposition balance and its forecasting for future periods. We presented three variants of forecasted demand-proposition balances for 2016. In our opinion, the closest approximation to the true state will be the third variant, estimations of which indicate on possible increase of fish product consumption up to 17 kg per capita. The part of import in the consumption fund will be 61.4%. Key words: production of fish products, per capita consumption, internal market capacity, forecasted demand-proposition balances.