Rybohospodars'ka nauka Ukrayiny (Fisheries Science of Ukraine)

5-12

Authors: O. Gurbyk

Purpose. Determination of the relative number of fish juveniles on biotopes of the upper part of the Kanev reservoir in the aspect of evaluation of these areas in general propagation of ichthyofauna. Methodology. The work is based on data of fish juvenile surveys conducted in the Kaniv reservoir during 2011—2013. Data collection and processing were performed according to generally accepted methods. Fish juveniles were caught using a beach seine made of mill gauze № 7, length 10 m, height 1 m. Relative number of fish juveniles on different sites has been calculated based on the areas of fish nursing biotopes under assumption of the constancy of catchability coefficients. Shannon-Weaver diversity index was used for comparing species diversity of the commercial ichthyofauna of different sites. Findings. The majority of the studied littoral sites of the upper part of the Kaniv reservoir were characterized by sufficiently high indices of biodiversity ― Shannon index values varied within 2,07—3,24 bit./ind. Twenty six species were recorded in the composition of the fish juvenile communities that was 80% of total number of species in the reservoir. It was found that despite a decrease of the relative number of the juveniles of valuable commercial species compared to previous years, the upper part of the reservoir remains the major site for recruitment of commercial fish stock ― 70% of bream, tench, pike, roach, and wels of the Kaniv reservoir are reproduced here. Taking into account the especial value of the upper part in formation of the spawning fund of the reservoir, any hydroenhancement works here should be limited exclusively by navigable channel. Originality. For the first time we quantitatively evaluated (in spatial aspect) the number of fish fauna recruitment in the Kanev reservoir under current state of spawning areas. Practical value. Results of the work will be used during development of a program of enhancement works on spawning grounds of the Kaniv reservoir and development of nature conservation measures when planning hydroenhancement works in littoral zone of the reservoir. Keywords: Kaniv reservoir, ichthyofauna, natural propagation, spawning efficiency.

22-34

Authors: E. Fedonenko, N. Esipova, O. Marenkov

Purpose. To investigate, analyze and summarize the biological indices of commercial fish species in the main fishery water bodies of Dnіpropetrovsk region for the last 10 years. Methodology. Field data were collected in the Zaporizhzhia reservoir during 2003 – 2013 using a standard set of monitoring fishing gears (gill nets with mesh size a=30–120 mm). Juvenile fish were caught in third decade of June - first decade of August using the juvenile fish beach seine with a length of 10 m. Processing of ichthyological materials was conducted according to generally accepted methods. Findings. When comparing the biological indices of fish in the Zaporіzhzhia reservoir with the data for the past decade reflected in the normative documents, we found significant changes in the population of pikeperch and gibel carp, which concern the average fish weight, fertility and the relative proportion of females in the spawning stock. Roach, perch, and gibel carp are characterized a reduced number of spawning events. The biological indices of bream, common carp, pike and catfish populations remain virtually unchanged during the study period. As for biological indices of Black and Caspian Sea sprat, rudd, gobies and crayfish, the information on these species in the relevant regulatory documents is missing, so it is not possible to assess the dynamics of their changes. Due to an inventory of small fishery water bodies we received the information on the biological indicators of major species, which can also be used for updating the normative database. Originality. For the first time we summarized the characteristic of fish fauna in major fishery water bodies of Dnepropetrovsk region and analyzed main indices, which define the conditions of fish stock development and exploitation of aquatic living aquatic resources in fishery water bodies. Practical Value. Materials of the work can be used for adjusting the existing regulations in available ichthyology and fisheries management techniques, as well as for determining the allowable amounts of commercial fish catches in the Zaporіzhzhia reservoir. Keywords: Zaporіzhzhia reservoir, fishery water bodies of Dnіpropetrovsk region, ichthyofauna, biological indices of fish.

55-66

Authors: V. Martsenuk

Purpose. The question of growing and cultivation technology a fry walleye, Stizostedion lucioperca, in various conditions of intensification and cultivation of the objects on the example of Ukraine, Poland and Czech Republic. Methodology. Some of the research conducted in JSC "Lebedynska RMS." There was a corresponding work of herd sires and fry. Also used published articles and monographs using statistical analysis methods. Findings. The existing technology of breeding and raising perch as in natural waters and artificial reproduction. Also, this is a clear description of the biology walleye in the early stages postembryogenesis perch. Also highlighted key points in the technology of the object at different aquaculture technologies. Originality. On the basis of existing technologies were analyzed current methods for growing and perch are to be brought in fish farms Ukraine, depending on the technical capabilities of enterprises. Practical value. Comparative review of technology growing perch allows farmers to introduce more appropriate technology of walleye for your own needs. Since it is directly a particular manufacturer planting material of the object is necessary to choose the most suitable and perfect technology, based on the existing herd sires, space, equipment and ability to use hormonal stimulation. So can use the following methods of breeding walleye: natural spawning, uncontrolled; controlled natural spawning; spawning in lake; artificial spawning; spawning outside-seasonal. During the early stages of walleye can identify a number of critical periods greatly affect the possibility of wound development: small body size at the final stage of resorption of yolk sac; small size of the cavity; feed intake in the water column; high sensitivity to stress; belonging to the group of fish with a closed bladder; great demands on environmental conditions; relative preferences heat; penchant for cannibalism. Keywords: aquaculture, walleye, (Stizostedion (Sander) lucioperca (L.), fry of walleye.

74-79

Authors: S. Tarasiuk, U. Krukovskiу,Z. Shusteruk

Purpose. To investigate the effect on the sprouted grain, soaked grain as well as a mixture of grain with grass flour of winter triticale on the growth of Ukrainian framed carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Methodology. The materials of the study of the sprouted grain, soaked grain as well as a mixture of grain with grass flour of winter triticale on the growth of Ukrainian framed carp were done based on the generally accepted methodology. Findings. An analysis of the average daily growth of Ukrainian framed carp showed that application of a mixture of the steamed ground grain and ground green mass of winter triticale to their diet increased the intensity of their growth compared to the use of sprouted and soaked grain. The use of the mixture of the steamed ground grain and ground green mass of winter triticale for carp feeding increases the content of protein-vitamin complex in fish diet and reduces the prime cost of fish production. An effectiveness of the use of mixture of the steamed ground grain and ground green mass of winter triticale for carp feeding has been showed. Originality. We conducted a comparative study on the effect of mixture of the steamed ground grain and ground green mass of winter triticale on the growth of Ukrainian framed carp (Cyprinus carpio L) in the conditions of Volyn Polyssia. Practical value. In order to improve the productivity of Ukrainian framed carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) and reduce the prime cost of feed, we proposed to use the mixture of the grain with ground grass flour of winter triticale for its feeding. Keywords: Ukrainian framed carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), winter triticale, feeding, ecological and economic efficiency.

88-97

Authors: N. Kharkavlyuk, N. Matvienko, О. Kovbasiuk

Purpose. Spring viremia of carp (SVC) is a viral disease of cyprinids, the causative agent of which is a RNA-containing virus. The virus is represented by one serotype. This disease was firstly described in Yugoslavia by N.Fijan (1968), in Russia – by N.N. Rudykov (1971). The virus has similar morphology as viruses, which are causative agents of a number of salmonid diseases (VHS, IHN), differing from them by cultural properties. Avirulent strains are among field isolates. Outbreaks of spring viremia of carp are common in carps cultivated in fish farms but they can be observed in fish from different types of water bodies. Manifestations of the disease are related to stress factors. The extensity of infection in unfavorable ecological and zoohygienic conditions can reach 20-40% and is accompanied with the death of the affected fish. The main concern of nowadays is the prevention of the virus penetration into specialized fish farms. The aim of the present study was to conduct the analytical research on factors influencing the transmission and spread of the virus of spring viremia of carp. Methodology. The theoretical basis of the study are the works of foreign and domestic scientists regarding ihtiopathology, including the spread of the virus of spring viremia of carp. The study was conducted using a monographic method and the results of personal analytical observations. Findings. A literature review on the factors that affect the spread of the virus of spring viremia of carp is presented. The factors, which affect the vertical and horizontal transmission of the virus, have been examined. For a long period of time, the geographic range of SVC was limited to European continent that is explained by low water temperatures in the winter. Accordingly, this disease was reported in the majority of European countries. However, in 1998 the disease was registered in Brazil, in 2002 in North Carolina, Wisconsin and Illinois. Outbreaks were reported in Washington and Missouri states in 2004 and in Upper Mississippi in 2007. A SVC-like virus was found in cultivated shrimps in Hawaii. Natural outbreaks of a SVC infection were registered in following cyprinids: common carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio) and koi carp (Cyprinus carpio koi), Crucian carp (Carassius carassius), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), Prussian carp (Carassius auratus), ide (Leuciscus idus), tench (Tinca tinca) and bream (Abramis brama). SVCV transmission is horizontal but vertical transmission from the ovarial liquid of carp has been established as well. Among virus transmission vectors are invertebrate parasites Argulus foliaceus (Crustacea, Branchiura) and Piscicola geometra (Annelida, Hirudinea). There is also mechanical transmission of the virus with the aid of fishing gears. The virus can persist in water and silt for a long period of time. Originality. Measures for the prevention of infection of specialized fish farms have been proposed based on the performed analysis. Practical value. The analysis allows developing modern methods of diagnostics and control of the virus spread. Keywords: carp, virus, viremia, virus transmission.

107-113

Authors: I. Hrytsyniak, L. Nebrat

Purpose. To compile a thematic references list on the problems of biology, physiology, pathology and crayfish breeding in Ukraine. Methodology. As the search base for the realization of the purpose was the scientific library stock of the Institute of Fisheries NAAS. The methods that have been preferred were both integrated and selective. Findings. We prepared a thematic reference list of the main scientific works, such as collections of scientific papers, proceedings of international scientific conferences, articles and candidate’s thesis abstracts on the biology of crustaceans and their cultivation in Ukraine, including the literature sources since 1958. The bibliography contains 37 publications of the Institute of Fisheries NAAS scientific library stock, in alphabetical order, and described according to DSTU GOST 7.1:2006 «System of standards on information, librarianship and publishing. Bibliographic entry. Bibliographic description. General requirements and rules». Practical value. The list may be helpful for experts, scientists, students, who are interested in problems of crayfish biology and culture. Keywords: crayfish, aquaculture, cultivation, commercial harvest.