Media Education = Mediaobrazovanie

563-569

Authors: Oksana Akay, Ella Kulikova, Irina Belyaeva

The anthropocentric approach to language involves increased attention to all the parameters of a human person reflected in the language. The androgyny of European languages is corrected by including a human nouns correlative to the vocabulary on the basis of grammatical gender. The spread of political correctness modern ideas restricts the use of sexist words and expressions. The main way of the modern languages’ development is to eliminate the discrimination of women reflected in the language. Due to the globalization influence and significant feminism arise the significant correction of gender nominations has become possible. The gender-marked anthroponyms with a feminine affix index, even if they correspond to the system grammatical standard, are outside the official business style in modern Russian, but they are widespread in other styles and genres of the modern Russian literary language such as colloquial speech, fiction and media discourse.Media space nowadays is the widest territory of any linguistic directions’ development in general and the media discourse in particular due to the fact that it involves a large scale of the population into communication, and the female part is a half of it.

581-590

Authors: Irina Chelysheva, Galina Mikhaleva

The possibilities of media education for upbringing the younger generation are undeniable. Development of citizenship and interethnic tolerance to representatives of other ethnic groups and cultures is one of the important and urgent directions of Russian media education. In this process, the analysis of the best Russian and foreign media education practices is essential. In this study we attempted to construct a model for fostering students’ interethnic tolerance based on the main theoretical approaches and practical aspects in the context of leading Russian and foreign (in this case, English-speaking) approaches to media education in the system of higher education. This model is a set of the objective, methodological, organizational, reflective and evaluative components. The conceptual basis of the model includes the following methodological approaches: developing critical thinking, culturological, semiotic and socio-cultural and aesthetic approaches, which are increasingly being developed in the university practice of media education. One of the leading approaches in media education for fostering students’ interethnic tolerance is analysing media texts of different types and genres. This process is traditionally based on the key media education concepts associated with defining the source, typology, perception, topics and representation of media texts. Reliance on the concepts of media agencies, media categories, media technologies, media languages, media audiences, media representations is also emphasised.

597-608

Authors: Olga Gorbatkova

The problem of school-based violence is one of the most important, requiring an urgent solution, as it threatens the physical and mental health of people. Nowadays newspapers and their Internet versions represent aggression and cruelty, attacks and murders in school settings, as a rule, broadcasting to the public a detailed description of tragic incidents, thus leaving a reflection in the minds of the younger generation, shaping their values and attitudes, behaviour patterns, arousing their interest in imitation and transferring the image of violent scenes into the real world. The relevance of studying the topic of school violence in Russian print and Internet versions of the media is quite obvious, due to the fact that a wave of aggression and violence, armed attacks on students and teachers, mass shootings on school grounds swept Russian educational establishments. In this article, the author attempts to carry out a hermeneutic analysis of school-based violence as reflected in print and online media from 1992 to 2020. The author’s reflections on the representation of violence in the school environment are determined by the urgent need to reveal the specific character, structure, narrative techniques, gender, ideological aspects of violence against students and teachers in order to create a holistic vision and approach to the content under study.

627-635

Authors: Ludmila Gritsai

In this paper we will analyze parental view on the difficulties in organizing mass education for students through media technologies usage in the spring of 2020. The goal of the research is to study the most significant learning difficulties in the new format, which have been pointed out by parents. The following methods of cognition have been used in this study: problem method, survey method, system-structural method. The study engaged 400 parents from different regions of Russia (54 regions). Parents were asked to answer 5 questions. Parents identified 3 forms of learning through media technologies used by teachers: extended "take-home assignment" mode; online lessons mode and mode of working with educational platforms. Parents pointed out the poor quality of education by means of the media technologies to have been chosen. The study showed low parental satisfaction with the learning process. A media technologies learning difficulties model was created (according to parents). Among the significant learning difficulties, parents highlighted the low media competence of the pedagogical as well as parental communities, the shortage of competent mechanisms for children's knowledge assessment, the lack of proper motivation for learning as well as zero independent work skills. Parents indicated that children did not have the opportunity to learn while communicating interpersonally with the teacher and peers. A fore-referenced difficulties were identified by parents as the major setbacks to media technologies usage in modern schools. Therefore, in the minds of parents, this learning model should be investigated intensively and seriously improved by the teaching community.

645-652

Authors: Ilya Hazanov

The integration of the professional efforts of scientists in solving a wide range of research problems is today one of the principles of organizing knowledge in the field of the humanities. The creation of scientific schools can be considered a positive example of such cooperation. In the field of media literacy education, one of the leading scientific schools is the active Russian scientific school “Media Education and Media Competence”, which has existed for more than 25 years. Media literacy education technology is an interdisciplinary field of research that involves the combination of content, basic categories and research methods of journalism, sociology, cultural studies, film studies, philosophy, psychology, pedagogy, history and other sciences. This technology is most in tune with the interests and lifestyle of modern youth who are mastering digital media. It is a global technology capable of uniting people from different countries with its universal language, moral and civic components, and ensuring intercultural dialogue. The article analyzes four monographs published by scientists from this scientific school in recent years. The subjects of study in them were cinematography (fiction and documentary) and various aspects of criticism in the field of media, as well as the problem of personal creative portraits of famous media critics. At the same time, one of the key ideas of scientists can be recognized as the synthesis of media literacy education and media criticism, considered both as a methodological approach and as a method for organizing media literacy education. These works concentrate the main research results in the field of media literacy education and media criticism, which can become a reference point for researchers around the world. The main common features of research of the scientific school "Media Education and Media Competence" are highlighted, their content, theoretical and practical significance, and the possibility of their application in teacher education are analyzed. The position of the authors of monographs to the definition of the concept of “media text”, methods of working with media texts are reflected.

664-674

Authors: Rashid Ali Khuhro, Hamedi Bin Mohd Adnan, Zaffar Iqbal Junejo, Mohsin Hassan Khan

Mass media is a part of the political economy and operates like other businesses in the market economy to earn profits. Though, media sells its content as a commodity to the customers and its consumption decides its rating and circulation figures. In that context, the figures attract advertisers to advertise their products through these highly rated and circulated media outlets. However, most of the revenue of any media organisation is gathered through advertisements. Thus, most of them became dependent on advertisers for revenue generation and it generates 'extramedia influence' on media content, which is called advertiser pressure. Therefore, with this background, the fundamental objective of this study is to explore advertiser pressure on climate change content in the media in Pakistan. The data was collected through qualitative semi-structured in-depth interviews from purposively sampled 15 environmental journalists who are working for local and mainstream Pakistani press/media. Findings revealed that advertisers' pressure influences all types of content in the media in Pakistani media. However, advertiser pressure impacts more on climate change content because it is a soft news subject and needs more investment. Additionally, results showed that government advertisers influence more than corporations because the government is the primary advertisers for media content in Pakistan.

688-701

Authors: Ekaterina Kyshtymova

The results of the study of readiness of future specialists in the domain of media communications to work in the media environment – their psychological media competence, were presented. The choice of the participants of the experimental study was contingent on the differences in their ambitions: the group of future specialists in the domain of advertising (N = 25) was focused on creating media content attractive to consumers, while the group of future psychologists (N = 15) was focused on protecting the psychological health of individuals from destructive media content. The group of experts included Masters of Psychology who took the course of Psychological Safety in Media Environment (N = 9). The reference group included students who had not studied psychology (N = 41). The research was carried out using the semantic differential (SD) method and the examinational survey method, which afforded estimating the ability of a person to determine psychological peculiarities of media texts. The cognitive, value-semantic, reflexive, creative and active components of psychological media competence were evaluated. The Herbaria tea commercial with the advertising slogan 'Drown your Fears' served as the incentive for psychological media competence assessment. The results of its psychological analysis by experts were compared with those of students in the three groups: future advertisers, future psychologists, and students who were not exposed to psychological background during their professional training. The results of the research demonstrated: 1) the level of psychological competence of all students was low; 2) the level of psychological media competence of future advertising professionals was statistically significantly higher than that of future psychologists of education; the lowest level was in the group of students who did not study psychology. That brought the importance of creating and implementing training programs focused on improving competence among students of advertising and educational psychologists into the foreground.

713-720

Authors: Volodymyr Myslavskyi, Ganna Chmil, Oleksandr Bezruchko, Nataliia Markhaichuk

The objective of this study is to analyze the outcomes of Aleksandr Dovzhenko conceptual search based on his work, Earth (1930), which became the most remarkable in the Soviet cinematography. The authors also go into the reasons of diametrically opposite reviews of the critics on these film. This article is based on little-known critical publications about these films in the Ukrainian and Russian media in the 1920s. Earth was filmed in the period of political and social transformations of the Soviet society, in the early days of painful shifts towards collectivization of agriculture and industrialization of production. Stalin’s political struggle with his political opponents Trotsky and the opposition headed by Bukharin ended in Stalin’s victory. His unlimited power was consolidating, and further repressions in the society were simmering. The amplified influence of Marxist-Leninist critics on creative processes was becoming especially noticeable at that time. Under pressure of such political conditions, Alexander Dovzhenko had to work on his masterpiece Earth. Analysis of Aleksandr Dovzhenko contemporaries’ polemic about Earth on pages of specialized journals in the 1920s showed that the most common types of publications were: 1. Unconditional recognition (combination of revolutionary ideas with vivid means of expression). 2. Brutal criticism (exaggerated aestheticism and deviation from the Socialist ideology).

730-735

Authors: Ekaterina Shapovalova

The research has demonstrated that there are different types of false information that is distributed in the media and social networks. The author of the article shows that some false information can create panic and spread to destabilize the situation in the country. Therefore, it is necessary to fight them. The study shows the role of media education as way to counter fake news. It has been found that fake news can be disguised as true information. This makes it difficult to resist them. Also the author explains why journalists themselves can spread fake messages and it is not always possible to distinguish them from the true even using artificial intelligence. The study showed that the audience needs to improve their media education. At the same time, readers expect the media to help to verify information. The author analyzes the experience of mass media and social networks in improving media literacy. Based on this, the article offers recommendations for media outlets that see the problem of fake news and plan to fight it by educating readers in critical thinking. Also the author explains the role of media reputation as a key indicator for evaluating the authenticity of news material.

745-756

Authors: Galina Soldatova, Elena Rasskazova, Svetlana Chigarkova, Ludmila Dementiy

The COVID-19 pandemic was accompanied by “infodemic”, including the spread of excessive amount of information regarding coronavirus. The study aimed to reveal which role the source and online context of COVID-related information takes in the probability of clicking and reposting this information and its relationship to the reaction to the pandemic, individualism and collectivism. 396 adults who did not have COVID-19 and lived in Central (n = 207), Siberian (n = 63) and Far Eastern (n = 126) regions of the Russian Federation evaluated their expectations and subjective probability of clicking and reposting four COVID-related messages (from politician – president, health specialist – president of WHO, journalist – link to a broadcast, personal story) on the four possible backgrounds (Ministry of Health Сare website, Yandex news, Facebook, WhatsApp). Then the participants filled in the Monitoring Information About Coronavirus Scale and Coronavirus-Related Anxiety Scale, modification of the brief Positive and Negative Affect Scale. Facebook was seen as equal or more trustful than Yandex. People are more ready to click the links about COVID-19 if they expect the message to be important, trustful for them and clarifying the situation, regardless of what kind of emotional changes they predict. People are more ready to repost the links about COVID-19 if they expect this message to change their mind or behavior. “Infodemic” includes not only the social processes of the spread of information but also the psychological processes of evaluation, clicking, reading and reposting.

764-773

Authors: Safeena Yaseen, Syed Irfan Hyder, Junaid Ansari, Muhammad Ibtesam Mazahir

With the rapid growth of unvarying advertising campaigns, the promotional content of socially sensitive products is available across all the digital platforms, which sometimes hurt consumer sentiments. Due to which the identification of the factors determining attitude towards the advertisement of socially sensitive products has now become important for both advertising professionals and academic scholars. Considering its significance, this study intends to measure the impact of Good for Economy, Social Role and Image, Value Corruption, and Product Information on Attitude towards Advertising of Socially Sensitive Products in digital media. The population for this study is comprised of digital media users, having 18 years of age or above. The sample size for this study is 400 respondents. The data was collected through an online survey. The overall explanatory power of the model is 56 %, where F= (4,212) =37.29, p< 0.05, therefore it can be concluded the factors included in the model has the potential to shape attitude towards the advertising of socially sensitive products by 56 %.

367-374

Authors: Svetlana Fiialka

This paper focuses on the media use for distance learning in Ukraine during the quarantine caused by the COVID–19 pandemic. The study found out that during the COVID–19 pandemic the media have a powerful and contradictory influence on education, becoming a leading factor in socialization, social learning, and a means and source of formal and non-formal education. Theoretical methods were used in the work: analysis, generalization of scientific sources and normative documents. To generalize the experience of media educational activities of teachers, the survey was used (830 respondents). Its results were interpreted using methods of analysis, specification and classification. The teachers reported using media-related tasks, such as presentations, watching movies, visiting virtual museums, taking photos and making educational videos, reading popular science literature, comparing fiction and screenplays, comparing textual information from different sources, creating pages of literary characters in social networks, comics, mental maps, news reports, writing fictionalized biographies and annotations, preparing crossword puzzles after watching educational films, sharing life experience, personal life events, drawing after listening to audio and watching videos. The criteria for the responsible use of media by teachers in distance learning are following: preferential use of established professional platforms, or communication groups, verifying the sources, collaboration with colleagues and parents, adjusting information to meet individual needs.

386-393

Authors: Ludmila Gritsai

In this paper we will analyze parental view on the difficulties in organizing mass education for students through media technologies usage in the spring of 2020. The goal of the research is to study the most significant learning difficulties in the new format, which have been pointed out by parents. The following methods of cognition have been used in this study: problem method, survey method, system-structural method. The study engaged 400 parents from different regions of Russia (54 regions). Parents were asked to answer 5 questions. Parents identified 3 forms of learning through media technologies used by teachers: extended "take-home assignment" mode; online lessons mode and mode of working with educational platforms. Parents pointed out the poor quality of education by means of the media technologies to have been chosen. The study showed low parental satisfaction with the learning process. A media technologies learning difficulties model was created (according to parents). Among the significant learning difficulties, parents highlighted the low media competence of the pedagogical as well as parental communities, the shortage of competent mechanisms for children's knowledge assessment, the lack of proper motivation for learning as well as zero independent work skills. Parents indicated that children did not have the opportunity to learn while communicating interpersonally with the teacher and peers. A fore-referenced difficulties were identified by parents as the major setbacks to media technologies usage in modern schools. Therefore, in the minds of parents, this learning model should be investigated intensively and seriously improved by the teaching community.

404-415

Authors: Faiqa A. Khaliq, Tamsila Naeem, Mohsin Hassan Khan

The study aims to find out the spatial, temporal and evaluative proximization strategies used by the opinion writers to project Pakistan’s National Identity in the two leading English newspapers of Pakistan: DAWN and The News. The goal set for the study is to find out the impact of critical representation of Pakistan’s National Identity Discourse on Pakistani youth. The study focuses on the issue of Pakistan’s National Identity projection during the ongoing war on terror in Pakistan from 2007-2017. Purposive sampling method is used to collect the data. The epistemological framework of the study is based on Anderson’s (1991) Imagined Communities. The empirical foundation is based on Hart’s (2014) Critical Cognitive Discourse Analysis. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are employed by using Corpus Linguistics as a quantitative tool and proximization analysis as interpretative tool in the present study. To generate the frequencies and concordance lines of lexical items, Antconc is used. The results show that opinion writers used the spatial and temporal deixis to create the negative image of Pakistan during the last decade by linking events of past from collective memories with present. They used temporal and spatial proximization strategies to build the Critical National Identity Discourse of Pakistan by presenting it as a negative imagined community. Pakistani youth is shown as marganalisedcommunity. The evaluative proximization strategy shows that the discourse leaves a negative impact on Pakistani youth.

430-442

Authors: Anastasia Levitskaya, Alexander Fedorov

The 21st century brought a kind of media explosion: every day more and more people of different ages are becoming involved in interactive multimedia processes (which have been radically influenced by the development of satellite television, the Internet, mobile telephony and smart phones), access to information has become almost unlimited, moreover, in many more formats. As never before, the audience began to spend a significant amount of time on access to new multimedia opportunities, on creation, consumption and distribution of media texts of various types and genres, on interaction in a variety of media environments. Against this background, it becomes clear to a much larger number of people and organizations that media illiteracy can lead to very real negative political and social consequences. Of course, false news and other misinformation have been around before, but it is now that media manipulations have acquired a truly global scale. That is why audiences of any age need media competency. Numerous studies prove that media education can give positive results in terms of knowledge, skills and attitudes in terms of analysis and critical reflection of media and misinformation. At the same time, one should not forget that misinformation originators, groups conducting political campaigns using data from social networks, extremists and agents of the “troll factories” have a high level of media competence. Therefore, citizen’s media competencies alone are not enough: in order to resist media manipulation at a democratic state level, it is also necessary to develop the activities of media agencies of various levels and state structures.

454-464

Authors: Zahra Maqsood, Humera Sharif, Hamedi Mohd Adnan

This research was a critical study of the discourse used in the American newspapers regarding opinion about Pakistan military efforts in war on terror. So, the purpose of this study was to highlight the representation of Pak military in the discourse. The Qualitative method was engaged to assess the data of the selected content. The data have been collected by simple random sampling from The Washington Post and The New York Times and analyzed by N. Fairclough’s 3D model. Moreover, relevant linguistic tool from the Descriptive stage (1st dimension) were selected. For this, the study used M.K. Halliday’s model of Functional Language to find the relevant linguistic tool to analyze the media discourse. Keeping in focus the main objectives of the study, it only focused on the ideational function of language. The findings revealed that it was through transitivity process and through deliberate choice of lexical material to keep the acts of terrorism active and Pak Military passive in the this regard. The transitivity process showed that Pakistan military role was unsatisfied in its handling of militancy from its soil. The data also turned out to be repeatedly representing particular images of reality through the ideational function of language. Pakistan military administration was taken as submissive in eradicating Islamic fundamentalist. It also revealed the hidden agenda behind such representation that was distorting the image of Islam representing it as promoting militants’ group in the name of religion.

488-497

Authors: Bashir Memon, Ali Akbar Hingorjo, Abdul Razaque Chhachhar, Rashid Ali Khuhro

The research about the role of mobile phone in different parts of the world shows that the fishing community is also increasingly adopting mobile phone and it is resulting in a more efficient fish market and reduction in uncertainty. The mobile phone is resulting in greater market integration and improvement in the quality of life of fishermen. Moreover, the mobile phone has also been helpful in connecting isolated fishermen communities to mainstream society and disaster risk reduction during the emergency. Similarly, the mobile phone is also playing an important role in helping the ordinary fishermen to get connected with the market and the device is emerging as a highly useful source of essential market information for fishermen communities. Purpose of the study: This article is based on an impact assessment study regarding mobile phone use by fishers of the Indus Delta for the marketing of their fish products. It also envisages the impact of socio-demographic factors on the usage of mobile phones by the fishing communities for better marketing of their output from the fisheries profession. Due to the increasing importance of mobile phones in creating market efficiency in rural markets all around the world, a study was conducted to investigate the impact of mobile on fish marketing in the deltaic region of Sindh Pakistan. Methodology: The data was accumulated by a cross-sectional survey. The data collection instrument was a close-ended questionnaire, and SPSS software was used to analyze the data. Main Findings: It was observed that the majority of the respondents acknowledged the role of mobile phone for receiving market information. That includes enquiring about fish prices, information about dealer buyer, and suitable market to sell their fish products. Applications of this study: this study will be helpful for the government to make policies to facilitate and improve the profession of fisheries for the fisher community in Pakistan. Novelty: This is the first systematic and scientific study to be conducted upon the fishermen of Indus Delta and their mobile usage pattern for fish production marketing purposes.

507-514

Authors: Volodymyr Myslavskyi, Ganna Chmil, Oleksandr Bezruchko, Nataliia Cherkasova

The objective of this study is to analyze the outcomes of Dziga Vertov’s conceptual search based on his works, The Eleventh Year (1928) and The Man with a Movie Camera (1929), which became the most remarkable documentaries in the Soviet cinematography. The authors also go into the reasons of diametrically opposite reviews of the critics on these films. This article is based on little-known critical publications about these films in the Ukrainian and Russian media in the 1920s. Dziga Vertov came to the All-Ukrainian Photo Cinema Administration (VUFKU) after being fired from Sovkino. Dziga Vertov retained a lot of material shot for the upcoming film, The Man with a Movie Camera, on which he had been working for quite a long time. However, Ukraine stipulated a mandatory condition that he should film The Eleventh Year, a movie about the progress achieved by the republic after the October Revolution. Analysis of Vertov’s contemporaries’ polemics about The Eleventh Year and The Man with a Movie Camera on pages of specialized journals in the 1920s showed that the most common types of publications were: 1. Unconditional recognition (combination of revolutionary ideas with vivid means of expression). 2. Brutal criticism (exaggerated aestheticism and deviation from the Socialist ideology).

530-538

Authors: Hana Pravdová, Eva Karasová

The article focuses on the perceptions of alternative media within Slovak media landscape. According to the authors, the recognition of different types of media is an important skill within the set of skills in the field of media literacy. The authors focus on theory of alternative and mainstream media relationship and how it corresponds with the current situation in Slovak media landscape. In theory of alternative media, there are many views on what constitutes an alternative medium. However, a prevailing number of alternative media theorists state that the difference between alternative and mainstream is not clear-cut and that in many cases, the two types of media share some similarities. To reflect this aspect, the term alternative mainstream media was created. In this paper authors focus on three selected Slovak media that are considered alternative. Their features are examined and compared in order to determine whether they reflect the theory of ideal types of alternative media drawn up by Robert Hajek and Nico Carpentier. Based on the examination, two of the selected media are typical examples of alternative media. The third is an unusual example of alternative media as it borrows a lot of features from mainstream media. The authors make the claim that there is a tendency to imitate mainstream’s media practices by deliberately striving to gain credibility, popularity, and thus higher readership.

549-559

Authors: Vadim Timshin, Olga Kolesnikova, Tatyana Plotnikova

The article discusses the concept of the site "usability" as an indicator of educational institution media culture. Being a multicomponent concept, usability (the level of accessibility, simplicity and comfort for a visitor to work with the site) includes not only objective aspects affecting operational comfort, but also subjective aspects of perceiving the web interface. The user should easily find the necessary information without getting lost in the functionality and numerous pages, and at the same time enjoy working with the resource. The criteria matrix proposed by the authors allows to study the level of the site usability of a general educational institution and evaluate its success. The research results based on the sites of 37 basic schools of the Kirov region included in the Basic School Project showed that focusing on user-friendly web-interface parameters is poorly developed. Educational organizations do not pay due attention to the proper development of the header (the "head" of the site), the footer (the "basement" of the site), and of the site content usability as a whole. Despite the fact that the resources analyzed clearly demonstrate complying with legal requirements to the structure and content of the site, at the same time, the user convenience parameters are taken into account insignificantly. All this reduce the work efficiency, leads to site visitors’ dissatisfaction. It is emphasized that usability plays an important role in the effective interaction of students with the institution, affects the formation of the school image and loyal public attitude. The research results are of practical importance and can be used to increase the level of information work and media culture of educational institutions in the Internet.

198-210

Authors: Lyubov Alekseeva

Information literacy is the most important factor ensuring personal success in the modern information society. This study presents the data on the level of the information literacy among first-year students and the ways to develop it via student research activity. The author analyzes the approaches to the definition of information literacy and highlights its components. Today, one needs to be sure that future teachers have mastered certain information literacy means to be able to organize the students’ learning process in an effective manner and guide their educational and research activities. The author identifies the parameters for measuring the level of information literacy among students. The results of the survey of the first-year students allowed the author to identify the level of their information literacy. The study points to the weaknesses of developing students’ information literacy at Nizhnevartovsk State University (KhMAO-Yugra, Russia). The author focuses on the arrangement of student research and concludes that the ability to do research is directly related to information literacy, since research activities cultivate student information skills.

222-237

Authors: Irina Chelysheva, Galina Mikhaleva

The article analyses the major development trends of interethnic tolerance in Russia and in English-speaking countries in the 21st century. The authors analyse the main official documents on the issues under study, present a review of some works written by Russian and foreign researchers regarding interethnic tolerance. During this period, education in English-speaking countries as well as in Russia is characterized by increased attention of their governments and the general public to reforms and continuous modernization. At the same time, emphasis is laid on critical understanding of the established traditions in education and reforming of education; problem areas of education are also discussed, in particular, the urgent issues of promoting interethnic tolerance and social justice. Consequently, at the present stage, the challenge of fostering interethnic tolerance among young people has received new development vectors and acquired an interdisciplinary nature as it includes historical, philosophical, psychological, pedagogical, sociological, cultural and other aspects. The integration which is taking place in the contemporary information society, modernization of education systems and transition to digital education determine the search for new approaches and ways to the challenge of promoting intercultural dialogue, cooperation, spiritual and moral education of the younger generation. In this context media education approaches developed in Russia and English-speaking countries may provide effective solutions to promoting social equality and civil responsibility and combatting intolerance. This is especially important in modern conditions and is one of present-day priority objectives of higher education.

246-254

Authors: Olha V. Harmatiy

The paper explores the media reportage of polling issues on the example of television network news coverage over the 2019 presidential and parliament elections in Ukraine. The importance of television news programs for viewers’ understanding the public situation is emphasized. The author analyzes theoretical, methodological, and legal approaches to the media use of opinion polls. The study examines the peculiarities of TV presenting essential poll information which provides viewers with the ability to independently evaluate the poll’s validity and reliability. The findings reveal that the TV channels sometimes have avoided disclosing such information or presented it selectively and incompletely. Incorrect poll-based covering confuses the audience, interfering people to distinguish the real dimensions of public opinion from their imitation. The research also investigates different aspects of these occurrences, and it is focused on the analyzing of existing problems in the sphere of news reporting opinion data and searching efforts and opportunities to avoiding it. The article gives some recommendations to TV channels on poll coverage, as well as viewers for verifying factual data of newscast. Indeed, the enhancement of media education and media literacy will help eradicate the incorrect poll coverage and support the public demand for high-qualitypoll-based media content.

264-271

Authors: Tatyana L. Kaminskaya, Oksana V. Erokhina

The article analyzes the experience of using the Yandex platform Zen or Yandex.Zen in professional media education. This researchis based on a practice-oriented approach to training media professionals. The authors of the article suggest linking the idea of practice-oriented education with the process of implementing a full-cycle media project by each student. The research includes all the stages of media project from creating their own channels to monetizing them. This model was created and successfully implemented as part of the training of journalists and specialists in advertising and PR in two universities and it’s considered as an integral process of preparing media specialists for the market realities of digital communication. The article shows why the platform Yandex.Zen is a suitable tool for training specialists in contrast to groups and personal accounts in social media. The use of this tool in media education has shown both the positive aspects of project learning and the fact that the project model of learning is not suitable for all students. It includes the stages of implementation of the model during two semesters from choosing of thematic areas for students' own channels and the organization of the educational process to receiving feedback from students in the form of a survey and self-reflection in coursework. The author of the article offers his own experience as a possible scenario for professional media education to colleagues from other universities.

290-297

Authors: Galina Melnik, Konstantin Pantserev

The article discusses research approaches to media developing in the digital era. It also studies the causes of reorganization of the global information space and the change in the content and presentation of information in network media. On the one hand, the paper reveals the contradictions of the functioning of mass media in the digital environment as well as the shortcomings and hazards posed by the content of uncontrolled media. On the other hand, the advantages and opportunities for the development of the media industry are also noted. Modern information and telecommunication technologies have led to unprecedented globalization of journalistic activity, as well as major change in the information staff training. The article discusses: 1) the impact of quality conversions of the media, influenced by global competition, on the formation of qualifications of media professionals; 2) the influence of the modified concepts of information production on media specialist training system; 3) a change in competencies that contribute to optimization of the relationship “subject of information – consumer”. Media education is developing in accordance with the media industry. Thus, universities are restructuring their work with students in order to teach them how to work in the digital environment. Universities are also searching for resources to update journalism academic programs in accordance with current journalism tendencies. The issue of a multi-skilled or versatile journalist remains debatable. Finally authors come to the conclusion that in contemporary labor market, there is a demand in various specialists, whose profession is to collect and interpret information.

309-322

Authors: Umar Raza, Mohsin Hassan Khan, Shema Bukhari

The events after 9/11 have changed the conditions, especially for Muslims living in the US. They have been victimized and stereotyped as negative individuals to the extent of being liars and bigots. These semantic and religious sentiments and prejudice have been pervasive at all levels, ranging from public to private, political, and media platforms. These strong sentiments have penetrated the political campaigns in the US, thus creating Islamophobia. Traditionally, the presidential election Campaigns focus on the diversity and address every group and member of the society. The same practice was anticipated in 2016 Electoral Campaigns, but Donald Trump chose a different path. He focused more on anti–minority rhetoric with a particular focus on Muslims. Since the Muslim expats are the second–largest expat community after Jews, in the US, Trump’s speeches were considered a direct insult. As a result, the Muslim community reacted vehemently towards such antics. The current study focuses on Muslim sentiments towards Trump’s hate speeches. The medium explored is Twitter, where Muslims vent out their sentiments. In addition to the private accounts, the twitter accounts of Muslim representative organizations have been used. The research on the tweets has done through quantitative content analysis. The results reflect the substantial use of words against Trump’s speech and his intended policies. The dominant emotions reflected in the tweets were anger, fear, and sadness. Some measures are also suggested after the research for conflict resolution of the effects of such speeches.

333-344

Authors: Olga Verbitskaya

This article considers the level of development of contemporary mass communication means and the specificity of their all-round impact on a person. Media culture influences society values, different social groups’ way of thinking. However, in the conditions of mass introducing of informative and computer technologies, not only positive but also negative methods of mass communication impact both on a separate individual and on the society on the whole are being extended. Media culture is a unique social institution of information age, and such landmark fragment of American conceptosphere as linguocultural type (LCT) “the Hollywood Star” is media culture product and is analyzed in this work from conceptual, figurative and evaluative aspects. The specific trait of this linguocultural concept consists in its involvement into historical and cultural context, the ability to associate with verbal, symbolic and event-trigger phenomena known to all members of linguistic and cultural community. The work reveals verbal and semiotic characteristics of LCT under review, analyses its ethnocentric essence. Close attention is paid to psychological, linguistic and discursive aspects of suggestion of audiovisual means of mass media, to their communicative role. On the basis of linguocultural signs their suggestive impact on mass consciousness is shown in the process of media communication. The conclusion is drawn that subjective senses of the media culture products are actualized at the level of intellectual, evaluative and ideological text’s implications.

358-363

Authors: Alexander Ivanov

Alexander Ivanov's acting career was quite short – from 1974 to 1986. During this time, he played roles in two dozen films (Goal Choice, Pseudonym: Lukach, Close Distance, Life is Beautiful, Sashka, From the Life of Alexander Blok, Red Bells, The File of a Man in the Mercedes, etc.). But his main role in the film adaptation of the famous novel by Vladimir Bogomolov In August of 1944... (Moment of Truth), alas, has remained unknown to the audience... There are almost no memories of the details of the shooting process of this unfortunate destroyed film at the moment. The existing publications, as a rule, are reduced to describing the conflict between the film director V. Žalakevičius (1930–1996) and the writer V. Bogomolov (1926–2003). The performer of one of the three main roles in this film – Alexander Ivanov – agreed to give this exclusive interview.

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Authors: Many authors

Media Education, 2020, n 1