Buletin Kebun Raya

41-48

Authors: Peter Wyse Jackson

The last twenty to thirty years can be said to constitute a new renaissance botanical gardens around the world. One of the main causes is the growing concern of the world community associated with the issue of loss of biodiversity. In addition, because a greater need to be institutions that take part actively in the field of conservation of plant resources. Community botanical garden world is experiencing rapid development, not only in terms of the number of new botanical garden that is built up but also of the purpose and function. There are currently no less than 2,500 botanical gardens worldwide. To prepare for a global framework for policies, programs and priorities of the botanical garden world in the field of conservation of biodiversity, in 2000 BGCI has published the International Agenda for Botanic Gardens in Conservation, which contained the botanical garden's global mission.

55-60

Authors: Annisa Satyanti, Harun Al-Rasjid, Mimin Mimin

Morfologi kotiledon dari sebelas jenis tumbuhan suku Bignoniaceae diamati sebagai upaya untuk identifikasi lapangan. Kotiledon pada suku Bignoniaceae memiliki karakter unik dan jarang ditemukan pada suku tumbuhan lain. Ujungnya berbelah dua dan berbentuk hati. Karakter unik ini dapat digunakan untuk identifikasi tumbuhan di lapangan, terutama pada fase semai. Sudut kedua parakotiledon, sudut belahan pada ujung para-kotiledon, dan panjang parakotiledon dapat digunakan untuk membedakan tribus dalam suku Bignoniaceae. Namun demikian, penelitian lanjutan yang menggunakan lebih banyak jenis diperlukan untuk menguatkan hasil awal ini.

69-77

Authors: Eka Martha Della Rahayu

Malesia is the center of Dipterocarps diversity in the world, with most species found in Indonesia. Sadly, their existence is threatened by illegal logging, extensive exploitation, and habitat conversion. There are 143 Indonesian Dipterocarps categorized as threatened in the IUCN Red List. Bogor Botanic Garden (BBG) is one of the leading institutions focuses on ex situ conservation of plants. Dipterocarps collection in the BBG represents 41.5% of Dipterocarps of Sumatra, 17.0% of Dipterocarps of Kalimantan, 77.8% of Dipterocarps of Java, 66.7% of Dipterocarps of Bali and Nusa Tenggara, 57.1% of Dipterocarps of Sulawesi, 66.7% Dipterocarps of Moluccas, and 8.3% Dipterocarps of Papua. Totally, BBG has only conserved about 37.8% of threatened Indonesian Dipterocarps, still far from the target aimed by the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (60% conserved). The BBG has initiated genetic resource conservation of Dipterocarps, through seed preservation. Since most Dipterocarps have recalcitrant seeds, conventional storage methods cannot be used. One of the alternative solutions is to cryopreserve the excised embryo or embryonic axes to overcome the limits of conventional storage methods. Collection of threatened and endemic species along with research on embryo culture and cryopreservation should be intensified in the future.

1-4

Authors: Bian Tan

Jejaring (network) merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam pengelolaan kebun raya, khususnya untuk mendukung implementasi fungsi kebun raya di bidang konservasi, penelitian, pendidikan lingkungan dan peragaan (display). Dalam the "Global Strategy for Plant Conservation" digarisbawahi tentang perlunya upaya memperkuat atau membangun jejaring kegiatan konservasi tumbuhan di tingkat nasional, regional maupun internasional. Beberapa contoh jejaring yang telah berhasil dikembangkan dikemukakan dalam tulisan ini. Dibangunnya kebun raya-kebun raya barn di berbagai daerah di Indonesia juga membutuhkan jejaring guna memperkuat komunikasi di antara kebun rays di Indonesia maupun dengan kebun rays di belahan bumi lainnya.

11-18

Authors: Irawati Irawati

Perkecambahan secara simbiotik pada anggrek Papilionanthe hookeriana dan Taeniophyllum obtusum dilakukan dengan menginokulasi jamur mikoriza dari kedua jenis anggrek ke biji dari anggrek yang sama dan anggrek yang berbeda. Jamur mikoriza diisolasi dan ditumbuhkan pada media isolasi jamur (FIM) dan perkecambahan dilakukan pada media Oat (OM). Empat jenis jamur diisolasi dari akar P. hookeriana, tetapi hanya dua yang tergolong mikoriza anggrek dan hanya satu jenis dari T. obtusum. Ketiga jenis jamur mikoriza tersebut adalah Ceratobasidium sp. yang penampilannya pada kultur murni agak berbeda. Perkecambahan secara simbiotik pada biji dan jamur mikoriza dari jenis yang sama menghasilkan respons yang sama. Akan tetapi inokulasi silang dari jamur mikoriza T. obtusum pada biji P. hookeriana ternyata memberi hasil yang lebih baik ditinjau dari persentase perkecambahan maupun jumlah rata-rata daun dan akarnya dan keduanya berbeda nyata pada taraf p = 0,05. Inokulasi silang sebaliknya tidak memberi hasil yang memuaskan. Bibit anggrek hasil perkecambahan secara simbiotik mempunyai peran penting dalam konservasinya di alam.

28-35

Authors: Didit Okta Pribadi

Agarwood is an important forest product due to its high economic value. However, the natural population of agarwood species has been decreasing rapidly because of over exploitation, therefore the international trade of the most important agarwood species (i.e. Aquilaria malaccensis) is restricted to just a small quota. This research was conducted in an attempt to provide basic information for the conservation of Aquilaria spp. by identifying the species spatial distribution and habitat characteristics and developing a linkage model between their abundance and habitat characteristics. Data were collected through a field survey at Kutai National Park in August 2006 with Aquilaria spp. as the target species. Data on the species localities were used to determine the species densities and the value of Distance Index of Dispersion. The ordinance levels between the target species and the surrounding other species were identified using a correspondence analysis, while the linkage model between the species abundance and habitat characteristics was established using an ordinal multinomial logit model. The results showed that Aquilaria spp. had a low density (0.01/ha) and were spatially distributed in a clump pattern. The abundance of Aquilaria species had a close association with soil texture, humidity and acidity, land elevation, air temperature and humidity, and light intensity. The abundance decreased with increasing the proportion of sandy clay loam content, soil humidity and acidity, land elevation, and light intensity. In contrast, the abundance increased with increasing sandy loam content, air temperature and air humidity. The existence of A. malaccensis was likely to associate with the existence of Goniothalamus sp., Macaranga sp., Vordia splendidissima, Lygopodium sp., and Stachyphrynium borneensis.