Russian Journal of Comparative Law

134-139

Authors: Tetiana V. Melnychuk

The article is devoted to contemporary theory and practice of preventive effect on illegal use of insider information through the lens of the concept of criminological security. In recognition of the achievements of doctrine and legislation the concepts of the topic is analyzed. Criminological evaluation of some security risks of investment activity is presented. The assessment of risks and threats to the criminological security of stock market is recognized as quite complicated due to the fact that the stock market in Ukraine is not completely formed; the development of its legal component is accompanied with an active shadow activities. The estimation of costs and harms caused to corporations by insider information trading is also a challenge for criminological science as the main harm is not of economic nature. It creates predominantly reputational risks with unknown continuance.

147-160

Authors: Vladimir M. Shumilov

In the article it’s given the analysis of the Italian doctrine of International Law and of the famous universities’ manuals on International Law which reflect this doctrine. Special attention is dedicated to the notion “International Law”, to its role in international relations, to the international customs, accords, principles, system of International Law, to the some branches of International Law and to the practice of its application, as always as to the structure and content of the manuals on International Law. The study of the Italian doctrine of International Law is made on the background of the Russian doctrine of International Law and the views and opinion of Russian lawyers, professors.

169-175

Authors: Maxim V. Vorobiev

The paper deals with analysis of ways of definition in the national legislation of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan on administrative responsibility of territorial limits of its action. Besides in work the question of a choice of the applicable national legislation in case of identification of an offense outside territories of the states, but within the customs territory of the Customs union is considered. As a result of comparative analysis of national legislation of Russian Federation, Belarus and Kazakhstan the author proves need of modification of the national legislation of Russian Federation for setting the administrative responsibility for the offenses which are committed on the Russian continental shelf and in the exclusive economic zone.

44-53

Authors: Pavel N. Biriukov

The article deals with the legal status of political parties of Switzerland. A number of national norms of Switzerland, which measured legal status and liability of political subjects is given. In particular, it analyzes the provisions of the Civil Code, the Act on Political Parties and others Switzerland's normative acts. The main attention is paid to the description of the existing types of political financing, and the liability of political parties. Switzerland is one of the rare European countries to have no specific regulations on political parties and their financing, or on the federal funding of election campaigns. Political parties and election, referendum and initiative campaigns do not receive any public funding at federal level or in almost any of the cantons. In certain cases parties have internal financial rules. In the absence of specific rules on the transparency of political financing in Switzerland, including ones on accounting, there is no mechanism or body at federal level to monitor this financing. The author proposes measures to improve the legislation of Switzerland.

61-66

Authors: Ekaterina A. Khalapyan

This paper deals with the executive jurisdiction of the Customs Service of the Czech Republic. The author analyzes administrative actions and non-fiscal competence of the Czech Customs Service. The main attention is given to the implementation of EU documents in Czech legal system. The author gives an overview of the structure of executive function of the Czech Customs Service. It is shown that status of Customs Service is formed not only by acts and regulations, but also by documents adopted by international organisations. The practice of the Customs Service, counteracting the illegal activities of different subjects, is investigated. Much attention is paid to the analysis of practical measures of preclusive character, which play an important role in reducing offences committed by individuals and legal persons in customs sphere. It is emphasized that only joint activities of state bodies can reduce the damage caused by illegal activities of subjects.

72-78

Authors: Alexander F. Rekhovskiy

This article is devoted to the history of trial by jury in Japan. The author analyses the procedural peculiarities of functioning of the initial jury trial in the mid-20th century. The stages are allocated consistent introduction of civic participation in the administration of Justice in criminal cases in Japan. The influence of the American model of Justice to reform the judicial system of Japan after the second world war. Examines two forms of public participation in addressing legal issues. The first form is used to limit the power of the Prosecutor to issue waiver of prosecution. This form is based on the American model of a grand jury. The second form, called "Saiban-in", was developed by scientists-Jurists Japan and approved, through the adoption of a special law in 2004 year. This form is unique because it uses elements of traditional court jurors the Anglo-Saxon system and Court šeffenov, created in Germany in the 19th century. The creation of a mixed system allowed not only to increase participation in the administration of Justice in criminal cases in Japan, but also become the main instrument for the reform of the judicial system with a view to democratization and public confidence in the judicial and political authorities. The author concludes that in Japan hybrid system of popular participation in criminal matters will be improved and could be extended to the realm of civil proceedings. In addition, this system can get distribution in the countries of the Asian-Pacific region, in particular in the Republic of Korea.

8-13

Authors: Pham Thi Thanh Huyen

The article deals with questions of the relationship between international and national law in the legal doctrine of Vietnam. In particular, it analyzes a large number of the law norms of Vietnam, which regulate issues of interaction norms of various legal systems. The main attention is paid to the description of application of international norms in Vietnam.

19-23

Authors: Aleksandr A. Sizov

This article brings to light the activity of the courts of the Czech Republic. The author provides a number of norms which regulate criminal proceedings of the Czech courts. The author analyzes the operation of the judges and others subjects to act in sphere of criminal verdicts.

29-32

Authors: Ilia N. Zhdanov

The paper considers the reform of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Finland in recent years, the change of its competence in the field of participation in the affairs of the European Union. The author describes in detail the new structure of the Ministry, its departments and divisions involved in EU affairs.