Caspian Journal of Dental Research

8-12

Authors: Tahereh Nosratzehi , Fateme Arbabi-Kalati * , Zohreh Arefpoor

Introduction: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic immunological disorder with unknown etiology. Some studies have reported an association between oral lichen planus and diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of diabetes mellitus in patients with oral lichen planus and healthy persons. Materials &Methods: This case‒control study was performed on 50 patients with OLP and 50 healthy individuals. Diagnosis of OLP was confirmed by typical clinical and histopathological findings. The control group were selected randomly from healthy individuals after matching for age and sex. Blood samples were taken to achieve 5 mL for measuring fasting serum blood glucose and HbA1C. Data were analyzed using Student’s t-test. Results: In this case‒control study, 50 patients with OLP (39 females, 11 males) with a mean age of 44.5±13.24 years and 50 healthy individuals (33 females, 17 males) with a mean age of 41.3±11.44 years were evaluated. The mean fasting blood glucose and HbA1C levels in patient with OLP were 95.1±8.1 and 5.1±1.3 mg/dL, and 89.1±7.7 and 4.6±1.1 mg/dL in healthy individuals (P=1). Conclusion: The frequency of diabetes mellitus was not significantly different between the case and the control groups. The results showed that diabetes mellitus does not have a direct role in the OLP etiology.

20-26

Authors: Leila Pishevar , Shirin Zahra Farhad , Mahboubeh Mirzakhani *, Navid Haghayegh , Mohammadreza Ansarinejad

Introduction: Nowadays, several casein components such as casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) are vastly considered as a suitable replacement for fluoride component. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of CPP-ACP paste and fluoride varnish on dentin hypersensitivity reduction. Materials & Methods: In this clinical trial study, thirty adult patients between the ages of 20-50 years, presenting with the chief complaint of dentin hypersensitivity were examined. The loss of dentin was less than 0.5mm. The subjects divided into three groups: In groups I and II, patients were treated using CPP-ACP and fluoride varnish following manufacturer instructions. Group III received placebo gel. A visual analog scale was used to assess subjects' response to compressed air and ice stimuli at baseline, 7 days, 28 days and 60 days after treatment. Data was analyzed by One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Duncan Post Hoc test using the SPSS software version 21. Results: The results showed significant statistical difference between the groups (P<0.05). In fluoride varnish group and CPP-ACP paste group, the dentin hypersensitivity significantly decreased when baseline scores compared to post treatment scores at 7, 28, 60 days (P<0.05). There was no significant statistical difference in dentin hypersensitivity reduction in fluoride varnish and CPP-ACP paste groups. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that both of fluoride varnish and CPP-ACP paste effectively reduced dentinal hypersensitivity compared with placebo-control group.

33-39

Authors: Hamideh Kadeh, Shirin Saravani*, Babak Moradbeiki

Introduction: The geographical distribution of head and neck cancer shows considerable variation and it is site dependent. The review of the literature shows few data concerning the head and neck cancer patterns in Iran. The purpose of this study was to represent epidemiological aspects of head and neck cancers in south east of Iran. Materials &Methods: In this retrospective study, from a total of 924 diagnosed patients with cancer in the pathology department of dentistry school archives and two main hospitals in south east of Iran during 2006-2012, 287 cases of head and neck cancer were diagnosed histopathologically. Demographic data of patients such as age, gender, location and type of cancer (carcinoma, sarcoma, melanoma, metastatic, or primary) were obtained from patients’ records. Data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software (V.21) using the chi-square test. Results: Squamous cell carcinoma (39.7%) and basal cell carcinoma (26.8%) were the most common malignancies in the head and neck region. The mean age of the patients was 56.1±12.8 years and the relationship between age groups and head and neck cancers was not statistically significant (P=0.085). Male to female ratio was 0.9 to 1. The relationship between gender and types of head and neck cancers was not statistically significant. (P=0.114) Conclusion: In this study, prevalence of head and neck cancer in south east of Iran (Zahedan) was relatively high. However, comparison between findings of our study with other studies shows a relation consistency.

44-49

Authors: Parichehr Ghalayani, Mina Hamian, Maryam Jafari, Samira Hajisadeghi*

Ameloblastic fibroma is a relatively rare benign odontogenic tumor with two neoplastic components; both epithelial and ectomesenchymal. A 10-year-old girl was referred to a dentist for routine dental treatments for evaluation of the distance between mandibular right first permanent molar and mandibular right second deciduous molar and it was associated with an undesirable backward movement of erupted mandibular right first permanent molar and forward movement of mandibular right second deciduous molar. The lesion was enucleated and the material was sent for histopathologic examination. Microscopically, it was composed of neoplastic proliferation of odontogenic epithelium consisted of cords and islands in a cell-rich mesenchymal stroma, with histopathological diagnosis of ameloblastic fibroma. After 24 months of follow-up, no recurrence was observed and the mandibular right first molar was spontaneously aligned. Early diagnosis and proper management will prevent comprehensive orthodontic treatment.

8-9

Authors: Maryam Zare Jahromi ,Parvin Mirzakoucheki- Boroujeni, Sharareh Daneshpour, Mohammad Reza Saei*

No Abstract

17-22

Authors: Mahsa Dastpak, Shima Nafarzadeh*, Soraya Khafri

Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the 10 most common malignant tumors and SCC accounts 94% of all oral malignancies. Mast cells are regarded as complex and multifunctional cells, playing a significant role in immunopathology. The aim of this study is to evaluate the number of mast cells in tissue sections of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in comparison with normal mucosa. Materials &Methods: Sixty paraffin-embedded specimens were obtained from the archives of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, dental school of Babol university of medical science (15 high grade,15 low grade and 30 Iritation Fibroma). Classification of OSCC cases was according to the BRODER`S malignancy grading system. Hematoxylin and Eosin-stained slides were re-evaluated before entering the samples in our study. Toluidine blue (1%) staining was used to identify Mast cells in samples. We used SPSS software version 18 and one way ANOVA test for analyzing data. Results: The highest mast cell count was seen in normal tissue and it was higher in low grade OSCC in comparison with high grade, but the differences between groups weren’t statistically significant. The Mean count of mast cell between OSCC and normal oral mucosa was statistically significant different (p=0.019). We didn’t observe any statistically significant difference between Mast cell counts of control group and low grade OSCC. The same result was seen between high garde and low grade OSCC. The Mean mast cell count difference between male and female groups weren’t statistically significant. The Mean mast cell count difference between high grade OSCC and control group was significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, the average amount of mast cells decreased in OSCC in comparison with normal oral mucosa. It does not seem that mast cells play an important role in tumor progression, although further study is needed.

30-36

Authors: Mahdis Bagherian, Abbas Mesgarani*,Sina Haghanifar,Ali Soleimani, Sina Mirzaeerad, Soraya Khafri, Maryam Ehsani

Introduction: Root canal instrumentation is an important phase in root canal therapy. Since success in endodontic treatment depends on file defect and fracture, the aim of this study was to compare the evaluation of defect and fracture in rotary and reciproc files in severe curved root canals. Materials &Methods: In this experimental study, 60 mesial canals of human closed apex molars with more than 30° canal curvature were randomly divided into two groups. In first group M-two rotary files number# 15, 20, and 25 and in second group R25 reciproc file were used for filing, respectively. A ×8 magnifier was applied to evaluate the defect or fracture presence in each side and if it were observed, a new file would be replaced. Therefore, the number of prepared canals with each file and fractured or defective files and the place of fracture in root canal were recorded. Kaplan Meier curve and log rank test were done by using SPSS v.22. Results: In rotary group, seven and two files were fractured and defected, respectively and four files were fractured and no defect was observed in reciproc group. Although the mean of the number of prepared canals until fracture or defect in rotary and reciproc groups was 3.3 and 7.06, respectively, there were no significant differences between two systems. All file’s fractures occurred in apical regions. Conclusion: The results showed that there was no significant difference in defects or fractures of rotary and reciproc systems. Reciproc instruments can be more effective than rotary ones because the root canal preparation in rotary instruments is longer than in reciproc system.

43-49

Authors: Roshanak Roodgaryan, Niloofar Jenabian*, Ali Akbar Moghadamnia, Mahdi Pouramir, Fatemeh Khadir

Introduction: Antioxidant agents such as cocoa could have some benefits in treatment of inflammation including periodontitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of cocoa consumption on moderate chronic periodontitis. Materials &Methods: This single-blind randomized clinical trial study was performed on 40 subjects who were randomly divided into two groups. Treatment group received 30 gr dark chocolate (78% cocoa) and control group received 22.5 gr white chocolate three times a day for 4 weeks. Saliva samples were collected from patients at baseline and twenty-eight days after eating chocolate. Probing pocket depth (PPD), Gingival index (GI, Silness and Loe), Modified papillary bleeding index (MPBI, Barnett), Clinical attachment loss (CAL) were recorded at baseline and 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th weeks later in ramfjord teeth. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and lipid peroxidation of saliva were estimated by Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and Tiuborbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) methods. Data of clinical parameters were analyzed using t-test and repeated measures test. Biochemical parameters were analyzed using t-test. Results: Intra-group comparison of clinical parameters demonstrated significant decrease in both groups (p<0.0001) and inter-group comparison showed significant decrease of MPBI in treatment group, (p<0.03). MPBI and GI were significantly decreased in treatment group compared to the control in the weeks of 4th, 6th and 8th, according t-test (GI4, P=0.008-GI6, P=0.008-GI8, P=0.009), (MPBI4, MPBI6, MPBI8, P<0.0001). Treatment group showed the increase in FRAP, (p<0.00001) and decrease in TBARS, (P<0.015) which were statically significant in compare with control group. Conclusion: Consuming dark chocolate could increase TAC and decrease lipid peroxidation, gingival bleeding and inflammation.