Studia Universitatis Moldaviae. Stiinte umanistice

20-29

Authors: Radu DAVID

In this article the author presents some data on the establishment, organisation and evolution of one of the oldest pedagogical schools for teachers in Hungary (and the oldest institution for teacher training if we refer to the territory of today's Romania), the Normal Roman Catholic School of Girls from Satu Mare. It was founded in 1857, within the school complex pastored by the Saint Vincent de Paul order of nuns. The institution had the level of high school, thus enrolling the graduates of civil schools or popular superior schools (the equivalent of the gymnasium in the Romanian system) aged at least 14 years. The students performed the pedagogical practice at the internship classes of the Roman Catholic Primary School for Girls, which had the status of application classes. They studied approximately the same subjects as in the high school classes, to which were added pedagogy courses and teaching methodology. Teaching was conducted in Hungarian throughout the life of the school. The Romanian language was introduced as a subject in 1919 and was taught without interruption until the school was abolished in 1948. At least in certain periods, the graduates also received nurses' diplomas. The medical practice was performed in the hospital for the poor, where the sisters of the charity had the role of nurses. Until the interwar period, the school was run by canonical priests of the diocese, but most of the teaching staff was provided by the Vincentian nuns. In fact, a large part of its own teaching staff will be trained in the school. Until 1919, students from all over Central Europe enrolled in the school. The institution continued to function after 1918, adapting to the Romanian education system and continuing to attract students from all over Transylvania. The school was nationalised in September 1948 by the communist regime and was united with the Reformed Girls' School, forming the Hungarian Girls' Pedagogical School.

34-50

Authors: Lidia PRISAC, Ion Valer XENOFONTOV

Based on the unpublished materials and oral history sources, the article highlights the process of admission and training of native students at the “Nicolae Testemitanu” State University of Medicine and Pharmacy since 1991 and during the three decades of the Republic of Moldova independence. Approaching the activity, the study process, the number of enrolled students, the excellence and the quality of training, as well as the lives of native students to medicine, the authors note that both specialists in the medical field and the University have gone through an extensive transition process, generated, on the one hand, by precarious socio-economic conditions and, on the other hand, by the new trends of globalization.

59-67

Authors: Cristina LAZARIUC

The 1930s are marked by the first successful attempts to institutionalise a new orientation, namely, the history of mentalities. During this period, the mentality is approached more from a historical perspective, analysing the place that the collective mind has in investigating the past. However, the mentality was and remains a complex concept that requires various treatments. In this sense, this article highlights the multidisciplinary nature of approaches to the phenomena of imaginary and mentality, which is demonstrated by dissolving the boundaries of knowledge such as philosophy, history of imaginary and mentalities, political science, cultural anthropology, social psychology and psychoanalysis, psychoso¬ciology, as due to the awareness of the need for interdisciplinary “partnerships” initiated by researchers from various countries, among which those from France occupy a place of honour. Thus, as a result of researching the conditions for establishing the theoretical-methodological framework of the concept of collective mentality and the diversity of its specific defining aspects, we found that the multidisciplinary specificity of approaches that have coagulated over time presents the phenomenon of collective mentality in its evolution from the pejorative connotation of primitive psychism to that of dynamic synthesis of each society, which includes cultural specificity and defines civilizations.

74-78

Authors: Carolina GABURA

In the lyrical prose, the narrator not only communicates a narrative content, but, above all, conveys the narrated fact by subordinating it to their feelings, passions, sentiments. Obviously, the homodiegetic narrator has great possibilities to express their affective interiority, leaning on their own self, on their own inner representations. In opposition to this, the heterodiegetic narrator, being impersonal and anonymous, doesn't have the inner life, however, through some effective strategies, they simulate impressions, feelings, emotions, setting up a more or less lyrical identity. The heterodiegetic enunciator of the lyrical prose often breaks the natural syntactic laws of the language, applying them as they want, and introducing a specific regime of expression. The deviations from the normative syntax operated by the narrator are mainly related to the canons of poetic syntax. Being subordinated to the narrative regime, which is established by the narrator, it allows the propulsion in the narration of a continuous flow of lyricism and highlights its lyrical identity. This is possible due to the use of various syntactic figures, the most common being the repetitive ones.

92-105

Authors: Liviu CHISCOP

The warning once formulated by Mircea Eliade – a prominent personality in the literary, political and scientific life of the past century, a world-renowned scientist – is as relevant today as it was when it was uttered. Because it is obvious that for several decades now, a treacherous and tenacious campaign against the national history, the traditional family, the ancestral faith and especially the nationally imprinted literature has been implemented in the two Romanian states on both banks of the Prut River. So, the choice of the theme of the present essay was not at all fortuitous, being circumscribed to a constant preoccupation with radiography of the prosaic, publicist and lyrical creation of Nicolae Dabija. A complex, protean and versatile personality, the author of over 80 volumes of poetry, prose, essays, journalism, text¬books and teaching aids, etc., Nicolae Dabija is today a leading exponent of our culture and literature, but also a militant like no other on the barricades of Romanianism. It could even be said that Nicolae Dabija's poetic work is a true book of national identity, a sui-generis treaty on identity, since – as we will see – many of the poems capture essential aspects of the identity of Bessarabian Romanians, such as territory, history, ancestors, heroes, mother tongue, folklore, the Orthodox faith, village, cultural personalities, etc. An important feature of Nicolae Dabija's poetic creation is his concern for what is called artistic achievement, for form (not only for content), for the technical elements of versification, for euphony and even musicality of lyrics, in a word – for style. The illustration, through examples of verses and the argumentation of this, harmonious consonances between signified and significant in the case of Nicolae Dabija's lyric will be a constant concern during the present essay.

111-117

Authors: Ecaterina BRĂGUȚĂ

Verbal nominalisation is an active process in the Romanian language that manifests itself systemically and regularly. These lexical units are characterized by the dual nature (verbal and nominal) at the morphological, syntactic, semantic level. In the current study we aimed to highlight some peculiarities of structuring the akathist through deverbal nouns. Deverbal nouns contribute significantly to the process of constructing the text, through their power of condensing information, restricting the sentence, the capacity for abstraction (as in the scientific text), but which in the religious text has the purpose rather to create a timeless effect. Verbal nominations are an integral part of the figurative system of the hymnographic text; they create metaphors, support syntactic parallelism and, as a result, ensure cohesion, consequently the textuality of the akathist.

121-129

Authors: Irina BREAHNĂ

The translation unit is a useful theoretical tool, insofar as it highlights the elements of linguistic input and output, as well as their inferential processing. Taking as a starting point the inferential process specialised in determining the temporal dynamics, we propose the model of a directional translation subunit, the functioning of which is described at both macro and micro levels. In the first case, we refer to general pragmatic principles. In the second case, we refer to a concept studied extensively in translation studies – the translation error. Both perspectives have, in addition to a theoretical value, a practical one, of didactic orientation, namely a reframing of the way in which the translation of time and tense is taught and evaluated.

136-144

Authors: Corina IORDAN

During intercultural communication, translators often encounter words and phrases with certain cultural suggestions and references called realia words. The translation of this type of words presents difficulties in the process of rendering the colouring and cultural peculiarities, difficulties that translators and linguists have faced since the formation of translation studies as a scientific discipline. The issue which our research is based on is the pragmatic approach to the realia words in the translation process. In this article, we intend to present an overview of the definition of pragmatics and peculiarities of literary translation, in particular, the realia words. This paper is also a comparative and contrastive study of the strategies used for the translation of the realia words from English into Romanian taken from the texts: Bridget Jones’s Diary and Memoirs of a Geisha written by H. Fielding and A. Golden, respectively. This topic was chosen due to the fact that it is an important aspect of the language and has a theoretical and practical importance, being an object of study for many translators, linguists and specialists in the field. The main strategies for translating the realia words analysed in this paper were: borrowing, addition, adaptation, calque, generalisation and omission.

150-158

Authors: Felicia BANU

This article is dedicated to the analysis of the structural features of phraseological units with zoonyms in English. The research of phraseological units from a morphological perspective is particularly important because it allows the observation of phenomena so typical of this area: (the invariability depending on the context) and the general phenomena, typical of all word combinations (formal paradigms). The problem of classifying phraseological units profoundly influences the area of theoretical and applied research. The grammatical characteristics of the phraseological units have been studied by some Russian, English and Romanian researchers. Although several criteria for classifying phraseologies have been used in contemporary linguistics, controversial issues of their classification still arise. The study is based on the methods of classifying phraseological units developed by the Russian linguist A.V. Kunin. The corpus on which this study is based is composed of 1027 phraseological units with zoonyms in English.

167-171

Authors: Людмила ЗБАНЦ

In the linguistic picture of the world which is specific to the speakers of a language, we encounter paremiological units that reflect the way some important concepts for society are codified. The notion of “love” is to be found among them and it designates one of the primary universal concepts that characterises the human being. Even if there is a number of interdisciplinary writings on the given concept, they still cannot offer a clear-cut answer to the question “What is love?”, especially because of the fact that in different societies the concept of love is attributed a wide variety of interpretations which are sometimes tightly connected with the specific development of the respective society. In this article we shall refer only to some elements that are part of the wide spectrum of the pragmatic effects that emphasize the attitudes towards the sentiment of love and its effects on interpersonal relationships. We also believe that some ideas, opinions and findings could be useful in approaching translation-related subjects concerned with the role of culture in the process of translation.