Studia Universitatis Moldaviae. Stiinte Exacte si Economice

7-13

Authors: Simion RAEVSCHI, Leonid GORCEAC, Vasile BOTNARIUC, Tudor BRANIȘTE, Sergiu VATAVU

The nucleation and proper ZnO thin layers on Si substrates were synthesized by the hydrothermal method from the solutions of zinc compounds by using different solvents such as: water, water + ethanol, water + methanol, water + propanol, water + acetone, ethanol, propanol, methanol. Dehydrated zinc acetate, Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O, was used for the preparation of ZnO nucleation layers . The deposition of the proper ZnO layers on the nucleated structures is carried out by boiling them in the Zn(NO3)2 + KOH aqueous solution. The structural and morphological characterisations of the obtained buffer layers are given in the paper. The efficiency of ZnO buffer layer used in the preparation of GaN layers is demonstrated as well.

19-22

Authors: Vladimir PRILEPOV, Nadejda NASEDCHINA, Dorin SPOIALĂ, Leonid MATEI, Arcadi CHIRIŢA

The optical and photoelectric properties of thin films based on arsenic-selenium-sulphur chalcogenide glassy semiconductors doped by Sn were investigated.

31-44

Authors: Alexandru LUNGU, Florin DAMIAN

The scientific school of discrete geometry and mathematical crystallography, founded in the 1960s of the last century by the corresponding member of the ASM, Dr. hab., Prof. A. Zamorzaev at MSU, experienced a rapid development and soon gained international recognition. Within this scientific school, the general theories of several generalisations of classical symmetry were elaborated and developed: multiple antisymmetry, colour symmetry and antisymmetry, P-symmetry, P^bar-symmetry (Q-symmetry), W-symmetry, symmetry of Lobacevsky and Minkowsky spaces of different dimensions.

64-70

Authors: Svetlana BODRUG

The article proposes a new way of taxation, a concept, much formalized about a progressive way of taxation. A single tax rate cannot meet the aspirations of the population, which at the level of millionaires transfers 12% to the budget. The mathematical model, the taxation algorithm, the block diagram of the algorithm, the progressive taxation matrix can be based on the elaboration of the respective software. This (software) can be used preventively to identify some parameters in the simulation model. After the testing procedures, the software can be implemented in practice by the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Moldova.

82-88

Authors: Chiril GAVLITCHI, Andrei MULIC

The article reflects some aspects of the transition of insurance companies to an innovative development model in the conditions of the economy of the Republic of Moldova. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively research the characteristics of innovative insurance activities and risk management of insurance organisations focused on innovative development. An innovative model for the development of national insurance companies involves, expanding insurance and reinsurance processes in boosting innovation processes in the Republic of Moldova, increasing customer attention, introducing new types of insurance and reinsurance, increasing the interests of potential policyholders.

107-111

Authors: Daria ROTARU

The financial control tools applied by the entity are the basic components of the internal control system established by the management of the entity in order to ensure reliable and efficient financial system governance. The decrease of the control measures effectiveness will immediately affect the quality of the management activities as a whole. The objective of the study was to determine the method to evaluate the entity’s financial control efficiency based on the risk factors influence assessment, using the example of the risk of inaccurate accounting information.

116-120

Authors: Silvia ZAHARCO

The characterisation of a state's financial policy can be done by assessing the efficiency of public expenditure. To reveal this aspect, in this paper we will present the indicators that can be used in the analysis of the directions of public resources allocation, the factors influencing the level of these allocations, and the position of the Republic of Moldova compared to other EU countries in terms of efficiency of public resources allocation. The study used the comparative analysis as well as the factor analysis of public expenditure efficiency.

137-142

Authors: Viktoria MYKYTENKO

The relevance of this study is to solve the basic task for society to ensure sustainable management by improving the spatial management system of natural resource assets, increase their usage efficiency and ensure sustainable socio-economic development of Ukraine on this basis. At all levels of the state government, there appeared a need to ensure spatial management and transform the organizational structure of natural resource management on the basis of the introduction of a modern system of territorial natural entities with the change of relevant functions, mechanisms and powers in the direction of increasing the ecological and economic effect in various spheres of economic activity. Aim of the research: identification of the highest priority, to ensure sustainable management in resource constraints, the composition of threats and risks and their grouping; development of a closed scheme of permanent clarification of the most important, for spatial sustainable development, threats and risks. The methodological basis of the study is the work of domestic and foreign scientists on spatial management of natural resources, sustainable spatial development and economic security, regulations, analytical and statistical materials of ministries and departments, international organizations, other scientific and information materials. The study involves the use of a number of interrelated methods, including methods: analysis and synthesis; system analysis; economic and mathematical; expert assessments; graphic, etc. The scheme of grouping of organizational and economic mechanisms of realization of spatial model of management of sustainable management within a certain state formation is constructed. According to which a universal, for three stages of implementation of the corresponding type of macro- model (initiation, consolidation, incorporation) spatial management of sustainable development, algorithm is developed. The use of the latter involves: continuous grouping and identification of the most significant threats and risks (in a closed cycle of management, organizational and economic, forecasting, analytical and econometric procedures); development of measures to eliminate the consequences of turbulent shifts.

150-154

Authors: Margareta BRADU

In this article the author researches the interdependence between the nowadays innovation and competitiveness and the perspectives of eco-innovation, as a determining vector in the development of sustainable competitiveness. Since there is the rational use of the economic resources in complex harmony with the surrounding environment at the basis of these two processes, the author considers that the investments in the development of research and innovations, of the innovative entrepreneurship and the innovative companies can influence the development of eco-innovation-based sustainable competitiveness.

165-169

Authors: Mihail GÎRLEA, Ana BERDILĂ-CÎRLAN

Non-cash payment instruments have a number of advantages over the use of cash, which are widely used in developed countries. The most commonly used payment instruments in international practice are: the payment card, credit transfer and direct debit. In order to facilitate the use of credit transfer and cards, the services of managing remote payment accounts from the range of e-payments (internet-payments, mobile-payments, etc.) are used to make payments. The most used payment instrument in the Republic of Moldova is the payment card, and direct debit has a modest share compared to the European average. In the Republic of Moldova, the share of non-cash payments by consumers is still very small compared to the figures recorded internationally. This article will analyse the causes of the low use of non-cash payments at national level and their prospects.

173-179

Authors: Анна КЫШЛАРЬ

The interaction of business structures and the state contributes to the investment process and increases the efficiency of the execution of state functions, it has a social nature too. The modern scheme of such interaction is the public-private partner¬ship (PPP). Despite the fact that the PPP became widespread only in the 21st century, various economic, legal and social circumstances of its implementation led to a variety of its models and forms, directions of implementation and financing mechanisms, which requires a choice of the optimal accounting mechanism for the implementation of the PPP projects. One of the ways to solve this problem is the possibility of a clear identification of each form of PPP project. This problem is still relevant in such a segment of the economy as the science and education. As part of the study, the author reveals the legal and economic interpretation of PPP; analyses and critically approaches the assessment of existing classifications of PPP forms, proposes a classification of PPP models and a grouping of PPP contractual forms, which would ensure the optimization of the accounting mechanism during their implementation.

187-196

Authors: Л.В. МАСЬКО, Р.В. ГАВРИЛОВ

The article explores the authors' approaches to understanding the essence of the green economy concept. The authors’ approaches to the study of the concept of green economy are generalised and the characteristic features of this concept are determined. The author's definition of “green” economy is formulated, and it shall contribute to a deeper understanding of this model of economic development, which as a result, will provide a qualitative transition to it.