Studia Universitatis Moldaviae. Stiinte Exacte si Economice

7-10

Authors: Vladimir PRILEPOV, Nadejda NASEDCHINA, Dorin SPOIALĂ, Arcadi CHIRIŢA

Vacuum deposition of thin layers of the As-Se-S system into a high voltage electrostatic field was elaborated. Experi¬mentally it was shown that thin layers of glass chalcogenic semiconductors obtained by the vacuum evaporation method in the presence of the high intensity electrostatic field have an increased diffractive efficiency in comparison with the same samples obtained in the absence of the electrostatic field.

15-22

Authors: Veaceslav SPRINCEAN

The heat treatment (TT) of Ga2S3 nanocrystals at temperatures of 970 K, 1070 K and 1170 K duration of 6 hours forms an oxide film of Ga2O3 on the crystal surface, the structure and thickness of which depends on the duration of heat treatment. The oxide layer consists of porous island nanoforms in the form of nanofibers and nanocrystals. The nanocrystalline size decreases with an increase in heat treatment temperature from 1070 K to 1170 K.

38-47

Authors: Tudor BRAGARU, Valentin BRICEAG, Viorel MALCOCI, Valeriu GALAICU

Nowadays, worldwide, there are a lot of similar terms, such as information security, informational security and cybersecurity. But could these terms be replaced by each other or are they different? Nationwide, many people encounter major difficulties in understanding and correctly applying these terms, which, depending on context, can be sometimes considered synonyms or can be different by meaning, tasks, functions, impact or coverage. The paper aims at leading to a better understanding and awareness of this terminology, being useful for a wide range of users with educational activities (pupils, students, teachers, PhD students) and/or people engaged in informational and/or information security activities.

52-63

Authors: Adriana BUZDUGAN, Maria HĂMURARU

This article has produced a study of educational offers, the first cycle, Licentiate in the domain of Tourism on European level. The aim of this study is to identify good European practices with reference to the content of the educational offer and their valorisation within the Higher Education Program for Hospitality, Tourism and Recreation (SHTA), in order to ensure the compatibility of mutual academic programs and mobility. The results obtained are reflected in the improvement of the SHTA program with a set of specialized disciplines.

69-74

Authors: Elena NIREAN, Boris COREȚCHI

Since the last decade of the last century up until now, the Republic of Moldova faces a strong flow of population migration. Citizens of the Republic of Moldova, often young people who are able to work, go abroad either because of poverty or lack of prospects in search of a better life and a better paid job abroad. There are many disputes about population migration and its consequences for the country and for families. Some consider migration to be seen as a process that needs to be managed well, others see migration as a problem to be solved. Experts point out that about one third of the active population has already left the Republic of Moldova. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, at the beginning of 2017 the average population was 3.550.000 people, which is 2.2 thousand people less than it was in 2016. Uncontrolled, illegal immigration in recent decades has become one of the most current problems for the Republic of Moldova. In recent years, investigations have been made on emigration, including emigration of labor. At the same time, the problem is not deeply studied and requires a complex research into the promotion of migration policy. The aim of this paper is to analyze the phenomenon of emigration and to estimate economically its impact on the economic situation in the Republic of Moldova.

82-90

Authors: Elena NIREAN, Tatiana BUJOR

The rural environment of the Republic of Moldova faces serious demographic problems, besides the fact that during the last years the number of rural population in the Republic of Moldova has decreased, the age structure shows obvious signs of concern for the socio-economic development perspectives of the localities the country's rural environment. The worsening of demographic situation in rural areas strongly affects both the demographic dependency ratio and the occupational basic indicators. Thus, on the one hand, the considerable decrease of birth rate and, on the other hand, the intensification of the phenomenon of labor migration in rural areas led to the aging of the population. The low dynamics of the labor market leads to a high level of unemployment, the high proportion of employment in the informal sector, especially of young people, and the slow pace of modernization and technology of the national economy, low salaries cause a significant gap between the level of training labor and working conditions, favoring its departure in search of a job abroad. An important problem is the reduction of unemployment in rural areas especially at the level of young people and the professionalization / re-professionalization of young people in agriculture, mainly in the informal sector. This population quota has to be significantly reduced and the increase in labor productivity and technologization of agricultural sector is a primary objective of the national economy. Only in this way, the competitive agriculture can be developed from the perspective of integration into the European Union. Territorial mobility and maximum use of opportunities in the internal labor market are expected to help reduce labor migration abroad. The employment opportunities of the working population in rural areas are extremely limited. Employment opportunities in rural areas are quite low. Practically, most of the working-class population in most cases can focus only on agriculture, in particular, on the individual processing of the land.

98-107

Authors: Cristina PANFIL, Ivan LUCHIAN

The banking system, in terms of its financial intermediation functions, capital multiplier and handling of monetary policy instruments, has multiple implications on the socio-economic system of any country. In order to understand these implications and direct banking activity in such a way that their impact to be favorable to the development of the banking sector and society as a whole, it is necessary to know the defining features and the laws of the functioning of the banking system as well as the particularities of the banking products market. In this article, we intend to elucidate these aspects and to identify the changes and trends, that have taken place in the banking system during its evolution and specify the characteristics of the banking market system.

116-119

Authors: Ecaterina ȘIȘCAN

Recent developments in the higher education market have led to the need to reconsider marketing strategies of universities. One of the key factors influencing success of any marketing effort is developing a marketing mix accor-ding to the needs and expectations of potential customers. In this paper the author analyzed the particularities of the application of the marketing mix in the higher education institutions.

128-137

Authors: Liliana SAHARNEAN

Supporting the development of innovational activity has now become imperative for all countries enrolled in building policies and, finally, the knowledge-based societies. By defining the state's innovational policy, Research & Development and Innovation are an important component of modern socio-economic and technological policies that reflect the country's attitude towards the process and results of innovation, that determine the objectives and directions of the authorities in the field of science, technology, etc. and authorities in the fields of implementation of research and innovation results, ultimately leading to the sustainable development of the country.

143-148

Authors: Valentina TÎRŞU, Sergiu TUTUNARU

The article examines the capacity of the innovation system of the Republic of Moldova which can contribute to the Digital Economy strategy development of the Eastern Partnership (EaP) countries to the Republic of Moldova and describes the current situation in the field of innovation system. It is presented the main directions of the Digital Economy strategy development, which were submitted as a declaration at the first ministerial level meeting within the EaP on 11 June 2015 in Luxembourg and at the last meeting that took place on 15 October 2018 in Chisinau.

153-158

Authors: Daniela BUMBAC, Lilian HÎNCU

The banking, microfinance and leasing sector is the main source of financing for business in Moldova. The micro-finance and leasing sectors, despite growth, play a limited role in providing business funds and are not yet a viable alternative to bank loans. The financing decision of the potential client is quite complex. In order to assess the client's creditworthiness, financial institutions use econometric valuation models to group customers into three broad categories: solvent clients, insolvent clients, and customers placed in the uncertainty area. From national practice, it is possible to establish with certainty that commercial banks have developed models for assessing potential clients to apply for bank loans. For factoring financing, evaluation models are very limited. The need to develop an econometric model of valuation of the potential client asking for factoring is an important and very current one.

164-168

Authors: Daniela DANDARA-TĂBĂCARU

The concept of financial stability does not yet benefit of a generally accepted definition. The concern of the authoritie with decision-making powers regarding the achievement of the objective of ensuring the stability of the financial system derives from the widespread awareness of the role that financial stability has for sustainable economic development and ensuring social welfare. Being a dynamic process, this phenomenon imposes multiple difficulties in being measured and the literature proposes a wide range of analysis models (calculation methods and variables used). In this article we have described a model for measuring financial stability using an aggregate index of financial stability.