Studia Universitatis Moldaviae. Stiinte reale si ale naturii

14-19

Authors: Denis BULAT, Victor CIORNEA, Dumitru BULAT

In the present paper are reflected the peculiarities of ichtyofauna of the river Bâc in 2018. Compared to the results of the research conducted in 2004-2009 there was a substantial worsening the status of ihtiocenosis as a result of massive diversification of pollutants downstream the Călăraşi and Chişinău municipality treatment plants.

25-34

Authors: Alexandru DASCALIUC, Petru CUZA

The summary activity of oxidases, catalases and antioxidant substances in extracts from buds taken for analysis in autumn, winter and spring from pedunculate oak (Quercus robur), sessile oak (Q. petraea) and pubescent oak (Q. pubescens) trees, which grow in the immediate vicinity of the Zloti forest, as well as of the buds of pubescent oak of the trees from other Floristries in the South of Republic Moldova was determined. In winter, the antioxidant activity in the apical and lateral buds of the pubescent oak and of the sessile oak trees noted that the metabolic processes in the buds of the mentioned species are displaced from the biodynamic equilibrium compared to those carried out in the pedunculate oak buds. This proves that pubescent and sessile oak are less resistant to winter conditions compared to pedunculate oak, which is a species better adapted to frost. In spring, in extracts from the buds of pubescent oak there is a tendency to increase the overall oxygen utilization capacity due to the high reductive potential of phenolic substances and oxidases activity along the north-south positive temperatures gradient, in line with the territorial location of the Floristries. An opposite trend was evident in the overall oxygen elimination activity due to catalases activity, which increases earlier in extracts from buds of trees located in the southern part of the country. It turns out that the processes of eliminating the pubescent oak buds dormancy during transition from the winter to spring season are associated with the consecutive increase in the catalases and only after that the activity of the oxidases and of the antioxidant substances from the buds are manifested.

39-44

Authors: Lazăr CHIRICĂ

Due to its location within the sea-shore area of the Black Sea, the Kuialnic Estuary has a genesis almost similar to all the seaside estuaries. Thus, it has undergone through the following phases: of a river, deep valley, bay, lagoon and of an estuary. All of the above-mentioned phases occurred within the post-glacial period and were influenced by the regressive-transgressive character of the Black Sea. The Kuialnic Estuary has definitively separated from the Black Sea by the end of 17th century, through the creation of a coastline.

51-58

Authors: Mihai MÂRZA, Gheorghe NOVAC, Iulian MAMAI, Natalia BURACINSCHI, Dorina BULICANU, Eliza MÎRZA

The analysis of the bibliographic materials and those collected in the field indicate that on the rocks around the Buteşti-Cubani localities, there are 23 species of archegonious plants and 384 species of antofit plants, and on the Stânca-Ştefăneşti: there are 417 species of antofit plants and 17 species of archegonious plants. The anthropic action on the vegetal surface of the Prut river rocks becomes more evident for the last century. 311 species are common for both territories. That is why we recommend the creation of a national park, with the inclusion of the already protected areas with the annexation of the new areas, which will ensure the preservation of these unique territories in Europe.

65-69

Authors: О.И. ЦУРКАН, С.И. БУРЫКИНА, Я.М. БИЛАНЧИН, А.В. ПЯТКОВА

The changes under the influence of irrigation and fertilization systems of the fractional potassium composition of the soils in the Southern Ukraine, Chernozem ordinary and Chernozem southern are considered. The amount of groups of potentially available potassium in the layer 0-30 cm are growing up under the influence of irrigation on 40,3% and 57,5% compared with bogarne conditions in the Chernozem ordinary. The rate of fertilizer (manure 200 t/ha + N200P200K60) is made under the basic treatment of the first rotation crop in the aftereffect for 11th year provides a positive balance of exchange potassium in the Chernozem ordinary even if the original content is reduced by 2,1 times more.

77-88

Authors: Vladilena GÎRBU

Selective functionalization of complex scaffolds is a promising approach to increase the pharmacological profiles of natural products and their derivatives. Various C-H functionalizations of the natural compounds: azidation, halogenation, trifluoromethylation and electrochemical oxidation - will be discussed in this review.

97-104

Authors: Maria SANDU, Anatol TĂRÎŢĂ, Raisa LOZAN, Viorica GLADCHI*, Gheorghe DUCA*, Elena MOŞANU, Sergiu ŢURCAN

Assessing the springs and pumps water quality (in the Nistru basin) it was found that in most of the districts there are sources of unpolluted water (8-58%), poorly polluted (10-56%) and moderately polluted (4-42%) waters with nitrates. Springs with significantly polluted water were found in Causeni district (33%) and with very significant pollution were identified in Ialoveni districts (26%), Anenii Noi (20%), Criuleni (15%), Rezina (14%) and Soldanesti (12%) districts, demonstrating the impact of the landfills on the accumulation of nitrates in the groundwater.

14-19

Authors: Aurelia CRIVOI, Iurie BACALOV, Elena CHIRIŢA, Ilona POZDNEACOVA, Iulian PARA, Lidia COJOCARI, Adriana DRUŢA, Victor CIOCÎRLAN, Ana ILIEŞ, Ana COJOCARI

Thanks to therapeutic qualities which the Diaproptin apipreparate (propolis tincture) holds, currently it can be consi-dered of a colossal value in scientific investigations. Due to the complex chemical structure of natural origin (different flavonoids, amino acids, etheric oils, tanning substances, vitamines, micro- and macroelements) this preparate does not create toxic reactions being especially efficient in the metabolic processes of living organisms. This article emphasizes the bioregulator effect of Diaproptin apipreparate on clinical simptoms in the debut period of alloxan induced diabetes.

26-30

Authors: Victoria BOGDAN, Tudor STRUTINCHI, Maria TIMOŞCO, Aliona VELCIU, Valentina STROCOV

Experimentally under in vitro and in vivo conditions, the beneficial or prebiotic action of the 5th version of food rations developed for the first time at the Institute of Physiology and Sanocreatology on the process of multiplication and development of streptococci intestinal species of the genus Enterococcus, particularly E.faecium, which are of major interest in maintaining the health of the digestive tract as well as for the pharmaceutical industry.

36-41

Authors: Фёдор СТРУТИНСКИЙ, Светлана ГАРАЕВА, Влада ФУРДУЙ, Галина ПОСТОЛАТИ, Валентина СТРОКОВА, Лилия ПОЛЯКОВА, Мариана ЧОКИНЭ, Нина КОВАРСКАЯ

The data about content of oxidized forms of glutathione and carnosine as components of the antioxidant system in erythrocytes of the rats fed with different food rations are presented in the article. The specificity of changes in the concentration of these antioxidants in erythrocytes revealed that the most optimal ration for normostenic rats is ration including: 16% protein, 26% lipid, and 58% carbohydrate (ration 2). Also, the level of glutathione and carnosine in the erythrocytes was maintained at a stable level when the rats received food rations containing 16-20% proteins (rations 2, 3 and 4), fact that indicates the limits of the compensating capacities of rat organism of the normostenic type. Thus, the content of glutathione and carnosine in erythro¬cytes can be considered as an integral index of adaptation processes.

48-55

Authors: Dumitru BULAT, Ion TODERAȘ, Nina FULGA, Denis BULAT, Oleg CREPIS, Nicolae ȘAPTEFRAȚI, Ana DADU

In the present ecological conditions of intensification of the anthropogenic pressing, it has been noted a biological progression in the aquatic ecosystems of the Republic of Moldova of the gobiidae species of Ponto-Aralo-Caspian origin. In this paper, we analyze the diversity of gobies, the ecological analytical indices, the main biological features, the expansion strategies and the necessary measures for the numerical population regulation.

61-65

Authors: Dorina BULICANU

In the process of studying the forest ecosystems it is important to establish the list of synanthrope plant species. This is necessary to establish the degree of influence of the human activity over the environment that have had lead to upset of population and diversity of plant species from downy oak forests. In this article is present the synanthrope plant spe¬cies that includes 204 species from 123 genera and 31 families and presented their bioecological and taxonomic diversity from downy oak forest.

71-75

Authors: Maria FRUNZĂ, Ana BÎRSAN, Tamara BEGU

The present paper aims at highlighting the action of potassium lignohumate on the mitotic division in test plants (Allium cepa L.). The action of five different concentrations of potassium lignohumarate (0.05%, 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0%) on the germination of onion seeds by analyzing the following parameters: mitotic index, phage mitosis index, germinative energy, root length and stem length has tested. Testing on test plants, on onion, has determined the biosti-mulating effect of potassium lignohumate on the growth and the development of plants, depending on the concentration of the substance. The positive effects of the studied compound have been manifested at the cellular level by increasing the mitotic index and accelerating some phases of the cell division. Increased mitotic activity under the influence of lignohumarate potassium has positively correlated with increased physiological growth and development indices.

82-85

Authors: Alexandru NICUȚĂ

The article presents the results of the research on the influence of the 'Fitomag' preparation on the aging processes - senescence on apple fruit during the long storage-life. As a result of treating the fruits after harvesting with this prepa-ration the processes of biodegradation of the biochemical compounds slow down, the fruit retains its firmness and the degree of damage to fungal diseases and functional disorders is low.

92-96

Authors: Agafia USATÎI, Natalia CHISELIŢA

This work offers new data regarding the relations between the antioxidant enzyme activity – catalase and the para-meters of biomass production and proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNMN-Y-20 strain under the influence of 10, 30 and <100 nm ZnO nanoparticles. It was established, that the proteins amount and the antioxidant enzyme activity - catalase at the yeast strain at the cultivation in presence of ZnO nanoparticles has changed depending on dimensions and the ZnO nanoparticles concentrations. The 10 nm nanoparticles initiated a relative decrease of the protein quantity in the biomass, values observed at all applied concentrations. The 30 nm nanoparticles have given a positive effect only in the case when were used low concentrations of 1-5 mg/L. The obtained results with the application of nanoparticles with larger dimensions (<100 nm) indicated trends of increase of the protein amount in the yeast strain in contact with 0,5-1 mg/L concentrations, but the 5-15 mg/L concentrations decreased these values. The study regarding the relation between the indices of proteins amount and the catalase activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNMN-Y-20 biomass in contact with ZnO nanoparticles revealed an average and low dependence in function of the nanoparticles dimensions. Thus, finishing this analysis we can assume that zinc oxide nanoparticles, penetrating into the cells cytoplasm, get in contact with cellular components, can determine an acceleration or a delay of biosynthetic processes.

108-112

Authors: Corina CERTAN

In the present paper dependence of the flora of the natural restoration on the sterile dumps surface has been deter-mined according to the consecutiveness, the age of the heaps (25, 20, 10, 5 years) reported the number of species (63, 52, 28, 25 units). The number of species and their degree of development, their abundance is determined by the period of vegetation carpet formation (years) and the place on the dumps surface (margin of the dump, flat land or the down part of the dump). Such a distribution depends on the soil layer formation process. The soil layer is well formed on the flat land surfaces of the dumps. Based on the results the method for the ecological reconstruction of recently deposited sterile dumps deposited by the forest recultivation method is proposed. The inventory of samplings in the autumn of 2017 showed that the percentage of adapted plants is 85%.

121-124

Authors: Natalia CIUBUC, Natalia ONICA

The results of a study on the ways of setting up the monasteries, the history, the role, the functions and the principles of the monastery gardens arrangement are presented, as well as the ways of introducing the "monastery gardens" in the modern landscape.

133-143

Authors: Roman RUSNAC, Olga GARBUZ, Nicanor BARBĂ, Aurelian GULEA, Greta BĂLAN, Olga BRUDUNIUC

The article describes the synthesis methods of 8 organic compounds from the 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol series, of which 7 compounds are new. The structure of compounds was confirmed by spectral methods: 1H-NMR, 13C -RMN and IR (FTIR). The triazoles (2) and (3) were investigated by X-ray diffraction on monocrystal. Some compounds have demonstrated moderate antiproliferative properties, in growth of HEp-2 and BxPC-3 cells. Antifungal activity is characteristic far compounds (2) and (7) with a MIC of 0.125 μg/mL. Antioxidative properties were studied using the ABTS and DPPH method where the best one was found to be 2-[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-N-[4-(3-methyl-5-sulfanyl-4-triazol-4-yl)phenyl]hydrazine-1-carbothioamide (7).

151-155

Authors: Natalia PETROV

New samples of Enoxil (Enoxil I, Enoxil II and Enoxil III) were obtained by oxidation of enotannins. The antioxidant properties of enotannins and Enoxils were determined by means of the chemiluminescence method. It was demonstrated that the anti¬oxidant activity of novel chemical compounds is by 29-32% more pronounced than that of enotannins used as raw material. By applying the potentiometric method of "Boehm titrations" the amount of acidic functional groups (carboxyl and phenolic) in enotannins and the mentioned Enoxil preparations was determined. The obtained results reveal that new substances contain about 3-4 times more acidic functional groups than Enotannins.

162-169

Authors: Maria GONȚA, Elena SÎRBU

N-nitrosocompounds are highly carcinogenic and mutagenic substances formed by the interaction between different nucleophiles (amines, amides) and the nitric acid. NNC formation can be reduced, minimized or prevented completely by the presence of reagents that inhibit the activity of the nitrosating agents or convert them into non-reactive products. The influence of different physicochemical factors on the rate of amoxicillin nitrosation was investigated: variation of nitrate concentration, pH variation of the reaction medium and amoxicillin concentration, antioxidant and inhibitory capacity of various monomeric antioxidants and antioxidant grafted natural polymers. According to the obtained data, all the studied factors changet the reaction apeed of and later they will be used for the inhibition of the nitrosation process.

179-187

Authors: Maria SANDU, Anatol TĂRÎŢĂ, Raisa LOZAN, Sergiu ŢURCAN

The geochemical index (Igeo) of heavy metals in the Prut and the Nistru Rivers, underground sediments as well as their tributaries, characterize the state of the sediments as unpolluted - moderately polluted are those from the natural lakes Beleu and Manta, the artificial ones from Taraclia, Comrat, Cahul and Chisinau city are not polluted with heavy metals (class 0, Igeo is <0 ). It was found a strong pollution with Pb in the sediment of the rivers in Izvoare village, Orhei district (class 4, Igeo = 3.1-3.3) and a moderately - strongly pollution with Cd (class 2-3, Igeo = 2.2 ) in “Unguri-Holosnita” Humid Area small rivers.