European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology

10-17

Authors: Vijayakumar and Chithirai Pon Selvan M

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a very important component of the global carbon cycle, and the fate of SOC will have an important impact on the future global climate. Moreover healthy soils are not only more productive from an agricultural point of view, but they also provide other key ecosystem services. Maintaining a healthy level of SOC is essential to maintain or improve soil health and is explicitly mentioned in Global environmental facility strategy documents. Two thousand five hundred ninety surface soil samples from the entire 232257 ha. area which covers fifteen soil series of Nagapattinam district, Tamilnadu, India were analyzed to know the strength and mapping of soil organic pool. The standard procedure was used for the analysis. This study showed that Kutthalam taluk soils ranged between 0.20 and 0.26% with an average value of 0.23%, Mayiladuthurai taluk soil: min 0.14% max 0.49% with the mean value of 0.29%, Kilvelur taluk soils: min 0.29% max 0.57% mean value of 0.39%, Vedaranyam taluk: ranged between 0.21 and 0.37% with an average value of 0.28%, Nagapattinam taluk: ranged from 0.16% to 0.49% mean- 0.29%. Sirkali taluk soils: from 0.23% to 0.67% mean value - 0.43%, Tharangampadi Taluk OC level was ranged between 0.30% and 4.56% with the mean value of 1.51% and Thirukkuvalai taluk was varied from 0.19% to 0.65% with the mean value of 0.36%. The area where the OC pool is low, medium and high is identified, nutrient index calculated and mapped. The results of present study about organic carbon (OC) of Nagapattinam district revealed that the range was 0.14 to 4.56 % with the mean value of 0.47%. The low content organic carbon was 100% in Kutthalam, 83.58% in Mayiladuthurai taluk, 53.70% in Kilvelur taluk, 100% in Vedaranyam taluk, 90.59% in Nagapattinam taluk, 28.72% in Sirkali, 15.71%in Tharangampadi and 62.86% in Thirukkuvalai. Out of 232257 ha. area of Nagapattinam District, 152584.5 ha area under low level, 67392.7 ha. area under medium level and 12279.8 ha area has sufficient quantity of OC. 66.9% of this district under low level of OC. The inappropriate land use and mismanagement practices including natural calamity are the reason for the depletion and the land users are urged to adapt with best land use practices to reclaim SOC pool in the soil.

23-28

Authors: Prafulla Kumar Panda

Floodplains are land areas adjacent to rivers and streams that are subject to recurring inundation. Owing to their continually changing nature, floodplains and other flood-prone areas need to be examined in the light of how they might affect or be affected by development A Floodplain is the normally dry land area adjoining river or stream that is inundated during flood events. The most common reason for flooding could be overtopping of river or stream due to heavy downfall. The floodplain carries flow in excess of the river or stream capacity. Flood frequency and flood water-surface elevations are the crucial components for the evaluation of flood hazard. This Review paper presents the recent methodology that incorporates advanced technologies for hydrologic and hydraulic analyses that are needed to be carried out to predict the flood water-surface elevations for any ungagged watershed.

33-37

Authors: Biswajit Sarma and Srishti Dasgupta

A buffer is a sequential section of memory allocated to contain anything from a character string to an array of integers. A buffer overflow or buffer overrun occurs when more data is put into a fixed-length buffer than that the buffer can handle. Adjacent memory space becomes overwritten and corrupted. In computer security and programming, a buffer overflow, or buffer overrun, is an anomaly where a program, while writing data to a buffer, overruns the buffer's boundary and overwrites adjacent memory. This is a special case of violation of memory safety. A buffer overflow is a common software coding mistake. This paper discusses certain issues about buffer overflow from the very basic and its details in the system.

43-47

Authors: Ishandeep Singh and Rinkesh Mittal

A IRIS recognition system provides automatic identification of an individual based on a unique iris feature. Iris recognition is considered as one of the most unique and exact biometric recognition system. In this paper, we implement a new technique for the development of Iris Recognition System, additionally results has been analyzed and compared with other researches work. We use the reverse biorthogonal 2-D wavelet transform in order to extract the most deterministic patterns in a human’s iris and forms of a feature vector. the quantized vectors compared using the Hamming Distance, and with the proposed approach we have achieved a recognition rate 99.92% with the equal error rate 0.09% which is highest recognition rate ever being achieved in the era.

56-61

Authors: Jasneet Chawla and Ashima Singh

Component based software engineering has become a modern approach for software development. It is a multifaceted approach in complex scenarios that focuses on “develop once reuse multiple times” methodology. As per user requirements, the components from repository are selected and integrated to develop software. It helps developers to deliver high quality softwares within a less amount of time and cost with less effort. Component based softwares are based on modular approach that provides the benefit of easy scalability and flexibility of the software. But along with this advantage comes the disadvantages too. Adding more components may result in performance degradation in terms of responsiveness, throughput, bandwidth as well as incompatibility problems in terms of resource requirement. This research paper propose to identify the non participating components of a component based software like excessive graphics , unnecessary animations and other optional components and deactivating them for that time to increase compatibility and optimize the system for best performance. By using the case study of Windows XP as reference, we successfully demonstrated that a component based software that has higher system requirements can run smoothly on a lower configured system by identifying and disabling the non participating sub-components. We successfully achieve up to 27.43% increase in performance by this method.

66-69

Authors: Sunil Pal and RP Rajoria

The purpose of this paper is to reduce the machining time of a crankshaft machined in a small scale industry where most of the work is done manually. The systematic stop watch time study is applied in the methodology on various processes of operation performed in the machining unit and total time is calculated thoroughly. Better utilization of man power, decreasing lead time, reduction in cost of component by implementing the observed solutions in the running process.

76-81

Authors: Sanwar Mal Yadav and Vikas Gupta

This article proposed a new single switch control based single phase inverter using dynamic evolution controller. Single switch control technique reduces the losses which is occurs during switching operation of an inverter and also minimize the cooling equipment cost for control switches. An inverter is a non-linear time invariant system; hence DEC makes it suitable, robust, large range over conventional control methods by its simplicity. In this paper, DEC simulates in MATLAB on single phase inverter for resistive, inductive and capacitive load by single switch control or varies the dc voltage according the required output voltage of inverter. Harmonics is also compared with IEEE519 harmonics standard.