International Journal of Oral Health Dentistry

159-163

Authors: Thangjam Somendro Singh, Khaidem Deba Singh, Koijam Sashikumar Singh, Nadeem Yunus

The aim of this study was to evaluate the finishing efficacy of different finishing instruments on GC Fuji GIC-IXGP. The finishing instrument used were mylar strip, super snap finishing disc, fine grit diamond finishing bur and cabide bur. The results showed that the surface which was set against mylar strip and left undisturbed without resorting to any finishing, has the smoothest appearance and that any finishing procedure results in disruption of the surface smoothness of the glass ionomer restoration.

168-171

Authors: Neha Awasthi, Sukhdeep Singh, Nikhil Grover, Mandeep Kaur

The purpose of this in vitro study was to measure the initial pH and buffering capacity of some commonly consumed flavoured drinks in India and to determine their erosive potential. Commercially available five drinks were taken (Pepsi, Appy fizz, Apple juice, Gatorade & a milk based drink). Their initial pH were measured with pH meter and their buffering capacities were measured by adding 1M NaOH in the increments of 0.2 ml into 100 ml of each drink till the pH reached 5.5 and 7 respectively. Total titratable acidity measurement shows that among all the drinks, there was a significant difference between the sports drink and the milk based drink. In conclusion it was found that sports drink had the most buffering capacity with maximum erosive potential whereas milk based drink had the least.

177-181

Authors: Mohammed Mandsaurwala, Ajit Kalia, Gaurav Gupta, Ashwith Hegde, Nasim Mirdehghan

Introduction: Orthodontic mini-implants can release metal ions into the saliva. NiTi orthodontic mini-implants from different manufacturers would have different corrosion resistance. Fluoridated mouthwashes are often recommended to orthodontic patients to reduce the risk of white-spot lesions around their mini-implants. We assayed the corrosion resistance, in terms of ion release, of different NiTi orthodontic mini-implants in different mouthwashes. The purpose of this study is to measure the levels of metal ions released from orthodontic mini-implants after immersion in different mouthwashes. Methods: 30 orthodontic mini-implants from two different companies each, divided randomly into 3 equal groups were immersed in HEXIDINE (ICPA health products, India), LISTERINE mouthwash (Johnson & Johnson ltd. Bangalore, India), and distilled deionized water incubated at 37°C for 30 days. Nickel, chromium, iron, copper, and manganese released from the orthodontic mini-implants were measured with an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer. Results: The results showed that ion release in Listerine mouthwash was significantly (P>0.05) higher than in the hexidine mouthwash and distilled water group. Conclusion: CHX-containing (HEXIDINE) mouthwash can be offered to patients who have orthodontic appliances rather than Na + alcohol–containing mouthwash (LISTERINE).

187-189

Authors: Rashmeet Walia, Ashish Kakkar, Lovejeet Ahuja, Purshottam Jasuja, Kanika Gupta Verma, Suruchi Juneja

Early childhood caries can lead to aesthetically unacceptable dentition with early loss of teeth which can affect a patient psychologically and socially. This trauma can be minimized by rehabilitation of grossly decayed primary anterior teeth with the use of intracanal retainers in the form of endodontic posts. Through this review the various options for retention of restorations in primary anterior teeth are described.

194-196

Authors: Shiva Gupta, Ritika Arora, Anamika Sharma, Sachin Gupta

Giant cell fibroma (GCF) is a distinct soft tissue overgrowth that may mimic fibroma of the gingiva, but has a distinctive histopathological difference. Most often seen in the third decade of life, this lesion is often asymptomatic but is not aesthetic when present in the anterior region of the jaw having a distinct histopathological appearance. GCF contains cells with large, stellate shaped fibroblasts, near the surface of the fibrous mass, beneath the overlying epithelium. This case report presents a case of GCF of maxillary gingiva seen in a middle aged male patient. Surgical excision of the lesion was performed and no recurrence was seen till six months of follow up examination. However, long term follow-up is required to rule out any recurrence.

201-203

Authors: Shabina Aysha, Karunakar Shetty, Masroor Kanji

The complete denture with neutral zone is not a new concept. The problem encountered with complete denture patients is the decrease in denture foundation and compromised retention. The neutral zone concept aims in the construction of complete denture using oral structure, when in function and the space available between these oral structures. This article lightness about neutral zone concept and challenges faced during the procedure of impression making by the prosthodontist, when the patient has severely resorbed ridge.

208

Authors: Dr. Suraj Agarwal

International Journal of Oral Health Dentistry (IJOHD) is an International Peer Reviewed Multidisciplinary Dentistry Journal Published in Every Quarter by Innovative Publication which is available in Print and Online for its users/Subscribers. The Aim of IJOHD is to Enhancing Oral Health of The Entire Community through the Efforts of Our Team. The journal publishes scientific Original articles on the relevant fields, review articles, discussion papers, news items, Short Communications, Letters to Editors Conference Presented Papers and Editorials. Papers may also include reports on unusual and interesting case presentations and invited review papers on significant topics. IJOD Covers All the areas of Dentistry Mainly Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Prosthodontics, Pediatric & Conservative Dentistry, Endodontics, Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Periodontics, Orthodontics, Pedodontics, Community Dentistry, Oral Medicine and Radiology, Implantology, Oncology oral epidemiology, oral health services research, preventive dentistry - especially in relation to communities, oral health education and promotion, clinical research, behavioral sciences related to Dentistry.

114-119

Authors: Alka Soni, Neeraj Alladwar, Shirish Goel, Rohit Chopra, Saurabh Sharma

The aim of the present study is to evaluate Lateral Cephalometric norms in Chhattisgarh population by Burstone’s Analysis with the purpose of establishing normative standards, helpful in planning treatment of orthognathic surgery cases in this ethnic group. Sample size consisted of 200 subjects comprising 100 female and 100 male subjects (age group 18-25 yrs.) Subjects were included on the basis of the following inclusion criteria-1. Both male and female subjects aged between 18-25 years 2. Those subjects were selected who were belonging to the Chhattisgarhi Origin. 3. with acceptable facial profile and class I occlusion, normal overjet and overbite. Minimal amount of spacing and crowding were considered acceptable.4. With no history of prior orthodontic treatment. Kodac 800 orthopantomogram and Lateral Cephalometric Extra oral imaging system was used to take the digital lateral cephalograms of the subjects with functional head positioner, patients standing in natural head position. All the digital cephalograms were subjected to Burstone’s Hard tissue Analysis using Nemoceph software., Results indicate that both Chhattisgarh males and females compared to Caucasian counterparts have shorter cranial base length, greater facial convexity (which is non significant in males), greater, maxillary and mandibular skeletal prognathism, prominent chin, and decreased posterior divergence of the mandible. Decreased vertical height of maxilla anterioposteriorly, shorter lower face height, upper anterior and posterior dental heights as well as lower anterior and posterior dental heights. Decreased ramal height and mandibular body length less bony chin depth, steeper occlusal plane and increased sagittal base discrepancy and proclination of upper and lower incisors. So analysing the Craniofacial morphology of Chhattisgarh face, it can be concluded that Chhattisgrh population has a face which is skeletally prognathic, vertically short, steep occlusal plane and bimaxillary protrusive as compared to Caucasians.

125-127

Authors: Neetika Thukral

1. To classify patients seeking preventive or curative dental care and determining factors important to classify them using discriminant analysis. 2. To determine factors considered important by patients for choosing a dentist and to determine most important factors considered by patients using factor analysis. Methods: An exploratory research design was used to get insights to develop the attributes for classifying dental patients seeking dental care either preventive or curative care using discriminant analysis, conducted in few private hospitals and clinics in Delhi and NCR region. The study is largely based on the primary data collected from respondents using questionnaires. Second part of the study is FACTOR ANALYSIS for determining factors considered most important for choosing a dentist amongst various factors studied or surveyed using SPSS software. Fourteen variables were grouped into components and correlation between various variables was studied. Factors were identified which explained correlation amongst set of variables. Conclusion: Amongst all predictor variables - AGE, INCOME, DISTANCE and ATTITUDE TOWARDS DENTAL TREATMENT, were variables responsible for discriminating between dependent variables .i.e., preventive and curative dental care. i.e., amongst all predictor variables. Keywords: Predictor variables, Exploratory study, Dependent Variables, Independent Variables, Preventive care, Curative care, Discriminant Analysis, Factor Analysis.

133-137

Authors: Rohit Raghavan, Mohammed Ramzi, Ranjith Kumar P, Shajahan PA, Jamshid Usman, Sowmya Balakrishnan

Magnets have generated a great interest within dentistry and their applications are numerous mainly in retentive aids. The two main areas of use in dentistry are orthodontics and removable prosthodontics. The reason for popularity of magnets is their small size and attractive forces. This allows them to be placed within the prosthesis without being obstructive in the mouth. Mainly rare earth permanent magnets and soft ferro magnetic alloys are used in dental prosthesis. Retention of dentures by magnets is provided by their attraction or repulsion forces. Devices retaining the overdenture magnetically are called magnetic attachments. This article reviewed the alloys and method for magnetic attachments in overdentures.

142-145

Authors: Mittal Manish, Kalra Ashish, Dabra Tarun, Isser Yuvraj, Kumar Anil

Maxillofacial prosthodontics has been subjected to use of various new techniques and materials over centuries to bring about promising results and reforms in rehabilitation and reconstruction with optimum and at times with much better appearance and function. This has lead to a much satisfied clientele. This clinical report falls no short in presenting a modality to rehabilitate a maxillary resection with two piece hollow bulb obturaror with an aid of magnets.

149-150

Authors: Amarinder Kaur, Sanjeev Jindal, Naureen Dhillon, Rupinder Kaur

Stafne bone cyst also known as lingual mandibular bone defect of the mandible is believed to be caused by mandible developing around the lobe of the submandibular salivary gland during embryonic life. Stafne bone cyst is generally encountered incidentally on routine plain radiograph. A dental practitioner should be familiar with stafne bone cyst to avoid misdiagnosis. We report a case of stafne bone cyst with review of literature.

60-68

Authors: Musaddique Sayyed, Ajit Kalia, Vasu Patil, Ashwith Hegde

Objective: Orthodontic patient’s motivation and cooperation are an important factor which determines their treatment outcomes. Considering them as vital components in this study Q-methodology was used to investigate motivating factors among adolescents seeking orthodontic treatment and parents wanting their children to undergo orthodontic treatment (third person grammar). These motivating factors help to develop a set of specific motivational strategies during orthodontic treatment. Methods: This study was divided into 2 parts: first part generated a list of reasons for seeking orthodontic treatment by taking interviews among school children and their parents. 18 items for patients and 20 items for parents were generated from these interviews. In second part, list of reasons generated from the interviews were placed in order of importance on a Q-methodology grid by 50 patients and 50 parents respectively which were made to assess and categorize the relative importance of these reasons. Result: For the patients, statistical analysis using Chi-Square test identified four most important factors, all of which included in esthetic concern (P-value<0.001 for overall comparison of distribution of responses on importance of factors). For the parents, statistical analysis identified five most important factors which placed high importance on seeking treatment for their child who is still growing to prevent future problems. (P-value<0.001 for overall comparison of distribution of responses on importance of factors) (Mention P value). Conclusion: This study showed that an effective treatment strategy can be selected for each patient and parent according to their motivational profile using Q-methodology which is a novel and efficient tool that can be used in dental research.

72-75

Authors: Rahul Srivastava, Jyoti Bhuvan, Anu Singh, Ashutosh Shukla, Anu Shastri

Migraine headache is a debilitating disorder that affects millions of people in the United States and worldwide. Migraine management encompasses specific and nonspecific migraine therapeutics, including non opioid and opioid analgesics, triptans, and ergotamine’s. There are many reasons why people cannot use drugs to treat their migraines as they may have trouble tolerating them, want to avoid their side effects, are allergic to them, are non-compliant, pregnant, or have some underlying medical condition that might worsen. Cefaly® happens to be pioneering electrotherapeutic device for effective treatment of migraine and has acquired ISO certification for the same.

81-84

Authors: Jeevitha Murugesh, A.S.R.S. Sameera, Shabina Aysha

Streptococcus mutans has been implicated as the major acid producing cariogenic bacteria. Dietary sugars and other factors may cause an imbalance of oral micro flora that permits S. mutans to become dominant in the multi-species bio films on the tooth surface, which could lead to dental caries. The application of broad-spectrum antimicrobials often results in re-colonization, ecological disruption and re-dominance of S. mutans within oral flora resulting in secondary infections or other negative clinical consequences. To address this problem researchers have recently developed a new class of pathogen – selective molecules, called specifically (or selectively) targeted antimicrobial peptides (STAMPs), based on the fusion of a species - specific targeting peptide domain with a wide spectrum antimicrobial peptide domain.

88-93

Authors: Himanshu Aeran, Jyotsna Seth, Sujata Saxena, Gagan Sharma

Taste, gustatory perception is the sensory impression of food or other substances on the tongue and is one of the five traditional senses. Taste is the sensation produced when a substance in the mouth reacts chemically with taste receptor cells located on taste buds. Taste, along with smell and trigeminal nerve stimulation determines flavors of food or other substances. Humans have taste receptors on taste buds and other areas including the upper surface of the tongue and the epiglottis. Taste perception fades with age. On average people lose half their taste receptors by the time they turn twenty. This article review about taste, taste buds, its mechanisms, development and aging, role of saliva and its clinical implications.

99-104

Authors: Shashank Uniyal, Himanshu Aeran, Bhartendu Kwatra, Akanksha Nautiyal

The successful treatment of teeth with substantial damage to the tooth structure not only depends on good endodontic treatment, but also by prompt prosthodontic reconstruction of the tooth after the completion of the same. The primary purpose of the post is to retain a core that can be used to retain a definitive prosthesis. A post and core helps to prevent fracture when the remaining tooth structure is very less. When a large amount of tooth structure is lost, a custom cast post and core is indicated. The following case reports depict the interdisciplinary approach to restore function and aesthetic of severely damaged treated teeth by means of full veneer crowns after custom cast post. Coordinated by prosthetic, endodontic treatments with careful consideration of patient’s expectations and requirements were critical for a successful outcome & patient satisfaction.

6-10

Authors: Nissaf Daouahi1, Dalenda Hadyaoui2, Jilani Saafi3, Mounir cherif4

This article describes a case of discolored central incisors which is compromising aesthetics. A 25 year old female patient presented to the Fixed Prosthodontics Department. She was looking for an improvement of her smile and she was worried about the impaired aesthetic appearance caused by affected teeth. She gave the history of an orthodontic treatment 7 years back. A comprehensive examination revealed that central incisors were necrotic as a complication of orthodontic treatment. The treatment plan included an endodontic treatment followed by prosthetic therapy consisting on a Zirconia based crown restoring the altered properties of the endodontically treated incisors, both aesthetic and mechanical. Internal bleaching technique was rejected because of time consuming procedure. Thanks to a well-planned approach the result was esthetically acceptable and the patient was satisfied.

16-19

Authors: Pooja Palwankar1,*, Lipika Gopal2, Ashish Verma3

Green tea is one of the commonly ingested drinks in day to day routine. In vitro studies have shown that green tea polyphenols inhibit the growth and cellular adherence of periodontal pathogens and their production of virulence factors. Green tea extract has been used in the form of chewing gums, mouth rinses, gum paints and dentifrices as a part of preventive (proactive) periodontal maintenance regimen. Extracts from green tea have been shown to inhibit bacterial growth. The most important green tea polyphenols are tannins and flavonoids. Polyphenols constitute the most interesting group of green tea leaf components, and in consequence, green tea can be considered an important dietary source of polyphenols, particularly flavonoids. The main flavonoids present in green tea include Catechins. The 4 major catechins are Epigallocatechin-3-gallate of total catechins, epigallocatechin, epicatechin-3-gallate 1 and epicatechin. Green tea also contains gallic acid (GA) and other phenolic acids such as chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid, and flavonols such as kaempferol, myricetin and quercetin.Green tea from the leaves of plant Camellia sinensis has been shown to have wide range of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic and anti-bacterial activity.

25-28

Authors: Nafis Ahmad1,*, Nadeem Yunus2, Zeba Jafri3

Aims: The aim of this paper is to review normal gag reflex, neurophysiology and factors that may be associated with aetiology of gagging and the role of different methods to manage gagging in Prosthodontic clinic. Scope of the study: All the methods for the management of gagging discussed here are non invasive, safe and economical so adaptation of these techniques will enhance the compliance of the patients in the Prosthodontic clinic and also motivate to them for future dental treatment. Collection of data: The data was collected by all 3 authors independently from articles published in national and international journals. MEDLINE, Pub Med databases were searched with the help of key words. A manual search was also performed to spot previous work on severe gagging and its management. Clinical implication: The management of gagging is very challenging in the Prosthodontic clinic. In some people this response is exaggerated to the extent that the acceptance of even normal dental treatment is just impossible. Conclusion: All the methods which are discussed here should be used cautiously. Each patient will need to assess independently as the approach needs to be adapted to that particular patient’s requirement.

33-37

Authors: Nadeer. T1,*, Rosaline Tina Paul2, Althaf T Rasheed3, Midhun Vinod4, Saveen N. S5, Lakshmi Lakshmana

The use of headgear has several clinical applications like distalization, restricting maxillary growth and anchorage control. The main being control of the vertical maxillary excess. In this article a 10 yr old patient with a high pull headgear for a period of 8 months is detailed. Cephalometrically the result indicates the use of high pull headgear causes both skeletal and dentoalveolar changes.

41-42

Authors: Amit Wadhawan1,*, Anamika Sharma2, B. P. Khattak3

Fused teeth arises through union of two normally separated tooth germs which can be either complete or incomplete. In some occasions, two independent pulp chambers and root canals can also be seen. Its occurrence in permanent dentition is 0.1%. Once fusion has been diagnosed, careful monitoring is required as it may lead to many complications like esthetics, spacing, dental caries or periodontal breakdown.

51-54

Authors: Syed Mukhtar-Un-Nisar Andrabi1, Afaf Zia2, Ashok Kumar3, Sharique Alam4

Correction of midline diastemas without much preparation of the teeth is one of the challenges in clinical esthetic dentistry. While excellent aesthetics are possible with indirect restorations, there may be unnecessary tooth structure removed in order to achieve the desired results. This may affect the long term success of the restoration, when dealing with younger patients. Whenever possible, tooth material augmentation versus tooth material amputation allows for a more conservative treatment option. Many innovative therapies have been used, varying from restorative procedures to surgery (frenectomies) and orthodontics. The size of the diastema is an important determinant when selecting the mode of treatment as well as the material for correction. When a larger space closure is needed, orthodontics may be indicated to allow for a more aesthetic outcome. When a small diastema with teeth in proper orthodontic alignment, no preparation of the tooth structure is necessary and direct composite bonding may yield the desired result. The following case report shows a restorative protocol using direct composite resin build up when addressing the midline diastema.

58-60

Authors: Dr. Himanshu Aeran

International Journal of Oral Health Dentistry (IJOHD) is an International Peer Reviewed Multidisciplinary Dentistry Journal Published in Every Quarter by Innovative Publication which is available in Print and Online for its users/Subscribers. The Aim of IJOHD is to Enhancing Oral Health of The Entire Community through the Efforts of Our Team. The journal publishes scientific Original articles on the relevant fields, review articles, discussion papers, news items, Short Communications, Letters to Editors Conference Presented Papers and Editorials. Papers may also include reports on unusual and interesting case presentations and invited review papers on significant topics. IJOD Covers All the areas of Dentistry Mainly Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Prosthodontics, Pediatric & Conservative Dentistry, Endodontics, Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Periodontics, Orthodontics, Pedodontics, Community Dentistry, Oral Medicine and Radiology, Implantology, Oncology oral epidemiology, oral health services research, preventive dentistry - especially in relation to communities, oral health education and promotion, clinical research, behavioral sciences related to Dentistry