IDMT Directional Over-Current Relays protection is one of the basic protective relaying for distribution systems, for fault detection and clearing as soon as possible. Its function would generally be changed in presence of FACTS devices. In this paper a study to investigate the direct effect of varying reactance of the TCSC on single-line-to-ground (SLG) fault in compensated distribution systems. This paper, therefore presents the calculation of fault component, and directional over-current relay operating time characteristics for phase-to-earth fault involving the TCSC. The case study is compared between compensated and uncompensated system. The coordination of the relays is a nonlinear programming problem and it is solved by using MATLAB software.
Paper is about the design and analysis of the optimized gasket cutting machine which can be provide to the companies where there is use of gaskets at a certain interval of time. The paper contain the cost optimized machine which is provide at a much lower cost as compared to the machines presently available in the market. This machine can be specifically used for the boiler and refrigeration companies where the gaskets are used to avoid the leakage due to the joining of two different diametric pipes. Inspite of giving a large order of gaskets, they can prepare the same at small rate whenever needed at the location.
Power System Load Modeling is a method which is used to model the power system and essential for voltage stability studies. Voltage stability defines the ability of a power network to maintain steady state voltages at all the buses under normal operating conditions, and when subjected to a disturbance. The research presented as part of this paper, deals with analysis of different static load models for voltage stability studies. The precision of the results are directly related to the load models used in this analysis. The method is analyzed using continuation power flow routine. Flexible AC Transmission System technology with a combination of Cat Swarm Optimization Meta Heuristic Search approach is applied to give a solution for the problem of instability. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through quantitative simulation on standard IEEE 14 bus system for contingency condition.
Coagulation process control is an essential operation in water treatment plants. It is
a challenging control problem due to the nonlinear and physicochemical nature of the coagulation process. The paper presents the application of the Wiener model predictive control (WMPC) algorithm to a coagulation chemical dosing unit for water treatment plants in order to keep the surface charge and pH level of the dosed water at the reference trajectory set by the operator of the plant. Wiener models with different nonlinear estimators are compared and evaluated. A Wiener model with a wavelet network estimator presented the highest goodness of fit (98 %), and was thus selected as the best prediction model. Simulation results show that the proposed control strategy has good set-point tracking, as well as noise and disturbance rejection performances.
Local controllability analysis of an HIV infection model on which three controls are effective is investigated, the optimal control policy to minimize the number of infected cells, the number of free virus and maximize the number of healthy cells for each control separately, then for all controls applied at once is formulated and solved as an optimal bang-bang control problem (command all or nothing). Numerical examples are given to illustrate the obtained results.
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