Russian Journal of Astrophysical Research. Series A

17-26

Authors: Vladimir P. Kulagin

The article explores the problem of comet hazard. This problem is isolated from the problem of asteroid-comet hazard due to essential features. Features comets are described in the article. The classification of comets is given in the work. The article analyzes the origin of comets. The structure of the comet is investigated in the aspect of the object that poses a threat in collision with the Earth. As an example, four famous comets are considered. The article reveals the content of the information approach to the study of the problem of comet hazard. The article identifies the main objectives of the information approach: informational description of comets, dynamic modeling of the behavior of comets, forecasting the situation with a comet, cataloging dangerous space bodies.

34-40

Authors: Vladimir V. Oznamets, Viktor Ya. Tsvetkov

The article explores the features of the use of space geodesy in the description of small celestial bodies. The paper shows the difference between geodesic astronomy and space geodesy. The paper shows the difference between ground geodesy, astronomy and space geodesy. The main stages of cartographic modeling are described. Cartographic modeling of space bodies or space mapping includes three stages. The first stage transforms the original cosmic body into a reference geometric body. The reference geometric body is transformed at the second stage into a geometric figure having a scan. The geometric shape is converted to a flat scan in the third stage. Conformal transformations are the basis for the implementation of the second and third stages. Problems appear at the first stage of spatial transformations. The irregularity of the cosmic body creates significant distortions in the construction of its surface. The authors of the article propose geodetic modeling and geodesic constructions as an alternative. Geodesic space modeling is a generalization of geodetic and photogrammetric measurements. For small space those use photogrammetric measurement methods. Geodesic modeling allows you to create a three-dimensional triangulation model. The article confirms the conclusion that geometry, geodesy and geoinformatics are applicable for the study of space bodies.

11-18

Authors: Takaaki Musha, Luigi M. Caligiuri

From the observation data, there is a significant discrepancy between the observed rotation curve of a disc galaxy and a curve derived from the theory. The theory of dark matter is currently postulated to account for the variance. Contrary to this assumption, authors present a theory by using tachyon field in the intetrgalactic space to explain the variance of the rotation curve of a disc galaxy.

33-41

Authors: Viktor Ya. Tsvetkov

The article explores the features and state of comparative planetology as a complex of scientific disciplines related to space exploration. The components of this scientific direction are shown. The integration aspect of discipline is shown. The main tasks solved by comparative planetology are revealed. The transformation of many earth sciences into the field of space research is noted. It is shown that the previous stages of comparative planetology focused on geology. At present, the geodetic and geometric factors play an important role in comparative planetology. The systematics of the orbits of the planets of the Solar system is performed within the framework of the comparative planetology approach. It is revealed that the orbit of the planet Earth is artificial in relation to other orbits.

13-28

Authors: Boris A. Lyovin

The article describes the results of a study of the Earth from space to solve transport problems. Paper reveals the content of space technology as a universal means of solving applied problems. The article describes the scheme of complex space observation of transport. The article describes the schemes of space management by different modes of transport. The paper reveals the application of the information approach in space technologies. The article describes information models of situations in the management of transport. The paper gives a classification of space observation of transport objects.

33-40

Authors: V.P. Savinych

Satellite monitoring is a step in the evolution of society. Society Globalization has led to the emergence of a global monitoring. This article describes the evolution of space monitoring of private monitoring technology to integrated global monitoring technology. The article shows that methodically space monitoring based on geoinformation monitoring. The article shows that the technology space monitoring using remote sensing of the Earth. Global space monitoring is not a single technology, but includes different types and technologies.

23-32

Authors: Viktor P. Savinych

The article analyzes the term cosmic knowledge. The article substantiates the introduction of the term cosmic knowledge in modern terminology field. The article analyzes the evolution of the concepts: knowledge, knowledge of the spatial and geoznanie cosmic knowledge. The article shows the close relationship between the cosmic knowledge and geoznaniem. The article reveals the content of important spatial knowledge and geoznaniya. The article shows that these properties are transferred to the cosmic knowledge. The article shows the specific differences cosmic knowledge from other types of knowledge. The article proves the introduction of the term cosmic knowledge in the language of modern science.

41-46

Authors: Takaaki Musha

The corona heating problem in solar physics relates to the question of why the temperature of the Sun's corona is millions of Kelvin higher than that of the surface. The author proposed in his paper that cosmic background radiation might be due to Cherenkov radiation from superluminal particle pairs created in a ZPF field of the vacuum. By using this theory, it can be shown that that the corona heating problem can be explained by Cherenkov radiation from superluminal particles created from the ZPF field in the hot plasma of the Sun

13-31

Authors: Viktor I. Grafutin, Vladimir A. Ilyukhin, Olga V. Ilyukhina, Evgeny P. Prokopiev, Gennady I. Savel'ev, Nikolai O. Khmelevskii, Yury V. Funtikov

There were conducted the experimental studies of steels used in the nuclear industry by the method of positron annihilation spectroscopy (method ADAP). The processing of experimental results and its comparison with the published data allowed to reveal the vacancy defects, including caused by neutron irradiation, and to determine its size.

45-50

Authors: Dmitry D. Sokoloff

In the framework of standard general relativity the electrical charge in a closed universe must vanish identically. Correspondingly, one can not consider, say, electrical field of an isolated charge or Green's function even hypothetically. A way to modify general relativity in order to allow such constructions is suggested. The idea of this modification is based on concept of geodesic mapping and tangent bundle.