Environment&Health (Dovkillia ta zdorovia)

10-18

Authors: ЯВОРОВСЬКИЙ О.П., ШКУРБА А.В., СКАЛЕЦЬКИЙ Ю.М., БРУХНО Р.П., ХАРЧУК Л.В., БУГРО В.І., РИГАН М.М.

Objective: We assessed the conditions of the work of medical personnel under conditions of the coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic and determined the risks associated with them. Materials and methods: We used bibliographic, hygienic, questionnaire and mathematical methods in the study. The results of our own observations, questionnaires for a survey of medical workers, data of the WHO, Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Center for Public Health of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, the State Labour Service of Ukraine, data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and thematic scientific sources of information were used as a material for the study. Results: The work of medical workers, involved inthe COVID-19 pandemic overcoming, is classified as dangerous (extremal). The risk of infection of medical personnel with the SARS-CoV-2 virus is increased with a deficiency of personal protective equipment for medical workers and its wrong application. The work under dangerous conditions of work at the healthcare institutions leads to a high incidence of COVID-19 in medical workers. Nursing personnel (38.43%), junior nursing staff (22.69%), anaesthetists (5.87%) predominate among medical workers with acute occupational disease COVID-19. Conclusions: The analysis of the results of performed studies allowed to make a conclusion that measures for the prevention of the incidence of COVID-19 in medical workers and measures for the improvement of the safety of the hospital environment should be aimed at more stringent compliance with national legislation and regulatory-and-methodological requirements for the protection of the conditions of workin medical personnel and infection control at the healthcare institutions

25-32

Authors: КУЗНЕЦОВА О.М., ОСТАНІНА Н.В.

Objective: We evaluated and analyzed the level of dietary supplement (DS) consumption in Ukraine and detected the risks arising with their consumption. Materials and methods: We conducted a questionnaire-based survey on the issue of DS consumption among the residents of the cities of Kyiv, Poltava, Kharkiv and Vyshneve (Kyiv oblast). We analyzed the statistical data on the number of the Ukrainian population, availability of the pharmaceutical facilities in the regions of Ukraine, DS sale volumes and laboratory data, concerning correspondence of DS to the claimed composition of active ingredients. Statistical analysis was carried out with the help of the standard software Microsoft Excel 2007 and STATISTICA 8.0. Results and discussion: The survey allowed us to evaluate the health state of the respondents taking DS, to find out the information concerning recommendations for the application of DS, to detect the ways of the purchase of the product, to identify the risk of poor-quality DS taking. According to the survey results, about 72% of the respondents are taking DS. The survey results indicate that 39% of the respondents, taking DS, are healthy, almost a half of the respondents have insignificant health problems and about 12% of the respondents have serious health problems.79% of the respondents buy DS at the pharmacies, it allow us to conclude that about 59.7 million packagings of DS were consumed in Ukraine in 2019. It has been proved that the provision of the population of Ukraine with pharmacy institutions is even for all regions of Ukraine and, accordingly, the population has the opportunity to purchase necessary DS at the pharmacies. Taking into account the results of the laboratory tests of DS quality, the risks of the consumption of poor-quality DS may be about 9.5% in Ukraine in 2019. The results of the investigations of the control procurement show that given risk may be increased significantly. Conclusions: The level of the consumption of dietary supplements by the Ukrainian population was established. It was found that the most widespread way of DS purchase is a network of pharmacies, but nearly 20% of all respondents, taking DS, purchase them at the web-stores, through network marketing, etc. The similar ways of the purchase cannot be easily tracked and are not under serious control, which creates significant risks of DS falsification, therefore, much attention should be paid to these indicated ways of distribution. It was established that in Ukraine, the probability of the consumption of non-compliant DS might be up to 9.5% (among those who used DS) in 2019. For the safe use of DS by the citizens of Ukraine, it is necessary to have a confirmation of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the active components of DS while conducting their quality and safety control.

40-47

Authors: ОЗЕРОВА Ю.Ю., ПРИЛИПКО В.А.

Objective:We identified the social risks among the population of surveillance areas (SA) of the NPP and their impact on socio-psychological state. Methods: In the course of the work, we performed the comparison of the assessment of the life quality by the population in the SA of Rivne NPP (RNPP) and South-Ukrainian NPP (SUNPP) located in different physical-and-geographical regions of Ukraine. We studied seven spheres of life quality, the level of psychological stress, and the concern about the risk of the emergencies among the population. The samplingpopulation made up 232 people in the SA of RNPP and 227 ones in the SA of SUNPP, the sampling error was 5.4%. Results: Employment, democratic governance, health are the critical spheres of life for the population of satellite cities, and welfare, living conditions, employmentare the critical ones for the population ofrural areas. The assessment of the level of well-being is closely connected with the assessment of living conditions, job satisfaction is closely connected with the sphere of security, social protection and the well-being level. Reliable connections have been established between the socio-psychological state of the population and the main spheres of life quality among the population in SA of the NPP: high - among the indicators of the scales of somatization, concern and reactive anxiety and the sphere of security and protection, medium - with the spheres of employment and welfare, low - with the sphere of health care. Conclusions: The data of the sociological survey of the population of SA of the studied NPP indicate the community of interests and demands of the population. The population of SA of RNPP and of SUNPP is characterized by the territorial behavior, stipulated by the awareness of the subject of their attitude to the area, where the activity of the NPP is a leading factor. Most of obtained assessments of the spheres of quality of life are similar in values irrespective of theregion. The involvement of the population of Rivne region in the liquidation of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident affects the concern of the population in case of possible man-made emergency. The population of SA of the SUNPP has a higher level of concern about social emergencies, including possible hostility and terrorist attacks, in particular.

54-59

Authors: ПАВЛЕНКО Н.П., МАХНЮК В.М., ВОЛОЩУК О.В.

Оbjective: We improved the hygienic criteria to ensure optimal conditions, training, and preservation of the health of primary school age pupils, which are common for the assessment of architectural-and-planning decisions of urban and rural secondary schools in accord with modern town-planning and sanitary legislation. Materials and methods: We applied bibliosemantic, analytical methods, method of sanitary-and-epidemiological examination of construction projects, sociological, instrumental and medico-statistical ones using StatSoft STATISTICA (v.5.5) application packages, Excel. Results: The exceeding 1.8-2.3 times the number of the actual studies that do not meet the standards for natural light and noise in urban secondary schools in comparison with the rural secondary schools, is due to the dense town-planning situation. The results of the survey of the parents of the pupils in grades 1-4 on the impact of dense school conditions of secondary schools on the indirect parameters of architectural-and-planning decisions showed that in case of insufficient space of the school room, a poor well-being was registered in 26.3% of pupils (rS <0.78), impairment of working capacity was noted in 18.75% of schoolchildren (rS <0.88).The presence of numerous interrelations between direct parameters of architectural-and-planning decisions (the intraschool space is formed according to them) and the pathological affection of urban schools’ pupils was determined. Conclusions: The occupational diseases in primary school age pupils are caused by direct and indirect impact of the parameters of architectural-and-planning decisions and hygienic provision of optimal conditions at urban and rural educational institutions by the improvement of the design of new and reconstruction of existing schools according to the hygienic criteria. We have developed a set of preventive measures to prevent these diseases.

65-73

Authors: ПРОКОПОВ В.О., ЛИПОВЕЦЬКА О.Б., ЗОРІНА О.В., КУЛІШ Т.В., СОБОЛЬ В.А.

Objective: We analyzed the current state of the study of the problem of OCC in drinking water according to the results of research of the Ukrainian scientists. Materials and methods: We used the sources of the scientific literature on the field, experimental, toxicological and epidemiological studies of OCC in drinking water. We applied the method of theoretical analysis of the scientific information. Results: The contribution of the Ukrainian scientists into the study of the problem of organochlorine compounds in drinking water of Ukraine is shown.The spectrum and levels of volatile THM and non-volatile HAA in tap water have been established. The distictions and basic regularities of their formation at the use of different chloragents (gaseous chlorine , sodium hypochlorite, chloramine, chlorine dioxide) and removal of water pipelines at the treatment plants, influence on the process of formation of various natural and technological factors (type anddose of chloragent, concentration of organic substances, exposure, pH, temperature etc.) have been defined. The obtained findings of the research on the problem of OCC in water are new for Ukraine, they indicate a potential threat to the health of the population at the long-term consumption of drinking water contaminated with OCC in excess amount. In recent years, the first results of biomedical studies of the effects of the contaminated with OCC drinking water on the organism of the animals and human health have been obtained. Epidemiological data on the effects of long-term consumption of chlorinated drinking water with excess OCC on non-communicable morbidity are being accumulated.