Environment&Health (Dovkillia ta zdorovia)

10-16

Authors: ТКАЧИШИН A.В.

Objective: to determine lipid panel indices in patients with essential hypertension (EH), complicated with hemorrhagic stroke (HS), after an early recovery period; to establish a formula for calculating the dose of rosuvastatin for such patients and to assess the safety profile of its treatment in 3 months after the starting date of 1-month treatment period. Materials and methods. There were formed 2 groups of people: 107 persons (56 women and 51 men, average (M±σ) age – 54,0±9,5 years) were involved in the main group, who have undergone HS as a complication of EH 6 months and more previously; the comparison group comprised 104 persons (54 women and 50 men, middle age 53,7±8,9 years old) with EH. They were matched groups according to key indicators. All the above-mentioned people underwent blood analysis on lipid panel indices. Results. Lipid panel indices in the main and control group (M±σ) were the following ones, respectively: total cholesterol 5,998±1,326 vs. 6,027±1,103 mmol/l; triglycerides 1,422±0,775 vs. 1,975±1,136 mmol/l; low density lipoprotein 4,196±1,021 vs. 4,301±0,884 mmol/l; very low density lipoprotein 0,619±0,356 vs. 0,719±0,268 mmol/l; high density lipoprotein 1,418±0,301 vs. 1,318±0,252 mmol/l, the difference is significant (p<0,05); the atherogenicity coefficient of 3,438±1,008 vs. 3,616±0,898. Conclusions. Patients with EH, who have suffered HS more than 6 months before and have recovered up to 50-100 points according to Barthel scale, compared with patients with EH stage II, have similar mean values of lipid panel indices, with the exception of high density lipoprotein index, which is bigger in patients with former cerebrovascular injury. A formula for selecting dosage of rosuvastatin has been developed to obtain the resulting low density lipoprotein level in the range of 2,198-2,500 mmol/l for the treatment after 6 months period from the incidence case of HS. It was determined that in the next 3 months period in case of rosuvastatin treatment of persons with former HS during the one-month period, there are no adverse effects in the form of further complications of HS.

23-28

Authors: ДЕПУТАТ Ю.М., ГУЛІЧ М.П.

Objective: We studied the organization of food supply for military personnel of the Ukrainian Armed Forces (UAF) by the common for all arms norm №1 in a zone of Joint Forces Operation (ATO) in 2017 – 2018 in comparison with 2015 – 2016. Methods: We performed a sociological questioning of the UAF military personnel in JFO zone (Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts) regarding the evaluation of organization and quality of food. 287 servicemen took part in the questioning in 2015-2016; 150 servicemen – in 2017-2018. We studied the quality of food intake components, keeping to a diet; evaluated the government nutrition system in a whole; and studied the priorities of wishes for nutrition improvement. Sociological, hygienic, and statistical methods were applied. We carried out a comparison of the organization of nutrition for military personnel in the JFO (ATO) zone in 2016–2016 and 2017–2018. Results: In 2017-2018 in comparison with 2015-2016, 38.9% of the respondents noted the positive shifts in the organization of the nutrition for military personnel in the east of Ukraine; about 50.5% of the respondents noted the absence of changes; about 10.6% of the respondents informed about a deterioration of nutrition. The respondents noted a number of significant shortcomings: irregular nutrition, inopportune preparation and delivery of food, food sameness, fast onset of hunger sensation. They expressed wishes for the improvement of food intake. Conclusion: The obtained results indicate a necessity for further improvement of the organization of food supply for military personnel of the Ukrainian Arm Forces in JFO zone by introduction and guarantee of all measures developed by the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, as well as a strict monitoring of these activities.

33-37

Authors: STORCHYLO O.V.

The low doses of irradiation cause a destructive effect not only on the organism but also on the subsequent generations of its offspring Objective: We determined the mechanisms of in vivo radioprotective and radiocorrective effects of dietary phytoadditive of milled milk thistle fruits on the systems of hydrolysis and transport of carbohydrates of various degrees of polymerization in a small intestine of the offspring of one-time irradiated male rats. Materials and methods: A single exposure of male rats was performed with a help of teletherapy gamma-apparatus "AGAT-R-1". A dose rate was 120 rad/min, a field - 20×20, a distance from the source of irradiation to the field - 75 cm, a dose - 0.5 Gy, an exposure time - 32 sec. Accumulating mucosa preparation (AMP) was produced by the Ugolev method [9]. AMP was incubated for an hour at t=37ºC in oxygenated medium. The solutions of 10 mmol/l of glucose or 5 mmol/l of maltose, made on the Ringer solution with pH 7.4, were used as an incubation medium. 3 drops of rabbit bile were added for emulsification into all media. Concentration of glucose was established by the colorimetric method with the help of photoelectrocolorimeter – CFC-2МP, λ= 625 nm. We assessed the activity of the transport of free and M-glucose in the AMP of the offspring of irradiated male rats under various conditions of the use of milk thistle by the parents. Results: The dietary additive of milled fruits of milk thistle causes a stimulation of the transport both free and M-glucose (1.6-fold in relation to the intact groups in both cases) in the offspring of irradiated male rats that got the thistle before irradiation and intact female rats (radioprotective effect), and respectively 2.7-fold and 2.8-fold in the offspring of irradiated hungry male rats through female rats that were consuming the thistle during lactation (radiocorrective effect). Conclusions: The dietary additive of milled fruits of milk thistle causes the radioprotective and radiocorrective effects in the offspring of the first generation of irradiated males. Realization of both effects has the gender features: radioprotective effect is realized through irradiated fed male rats that got thistle before irradiation and intact female rats but radiocorrective effect is realized in the offspring of irradiated hungry male rats through female rats that were consuming the thistle during lactation.

45-50

Authors: МАЛИШЕВСЬКА О. С., ГАРКАВИЙ С. І.

Objective: We conducted ecological-and-hygienic assessment of the building materials made of cement compositions filled with recycled polymer waste. Materials and methods: We used building materials made of cement-sand compositions filled with mechanically recycled polymer waste. The data of the instrumental research were obtained by the specialists and with the equipment of the Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast Laboratory Centre, MPHU for the research work N 0117U004237 under field conditions at the certified laboratory centres of Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University. Those data determined the impact of various aggressive media on the chemical destruction of the cement compositions filled with polymers. The investigations were carried out with the application of PET waste, PCH, and PE + PP mixtures; slag Portland cement; washed sand; device for mechanical activation of polymer waste; homo-mixer; laboratory balance; chemical reagents, and equipment for titration. The calculations were carried out according to SanNR 2.03.11-85 “Protection of building structures from corrosion”, SSU 4079-2001 “Determination of total chloride content”. The preparation of the cement-sand mixture and the study of physical-and-mechanical properties of the samples were made according to the standards EN 12390-5 and EN 206-1. Results and discussion: The results of the research showed that the smallest amount of the destruction products was extracted from the samples filled with PET (from 2% to 8% of the total weight of the filler) when there was a sharp decrease in the mass loss in samples due to the washing of CaO under conditions of carbon dioxide and extensible corrosion and as well as in rain and distilled water. Acceleration of the destruction of studied sample was noted in the magnesian medium; with PVC from 2% to 6%, there is a sharp decrease in the mass loss of the samples under conditions of all simulated corrosive media, as well as in rain and distilled water; with PE + PP mixture, from 0.25% to 1.25%, under conditions of all simulated aggressive media and in rain and distilled water. In our opinion, an increase in the stability of samples of cement compositions, filled with recycled polymers in aggressive media, is due to the formation of more dense structure with a large amount of low basic calcium hydrosilicates and solid solutions of hydroalumosilicate composition. Conclusions and prospects: Hygienic investigations have shown that the product of destruction of the samples of cement-sand compositions, filled with polymers, is a mixture of inorganic amorphous sediment, its main mass consists of CaO, Ca (OH)2, Ca (НСО3)2 from 97.4 % to 98.2 % of the total mass sediment, Mg (OH)2, Al2 (OH)3. Formed products of destruction are non-toxic insoluble or slightly soluble simple inorganic compounds that do not affect adversely the environment and human being. A study of the impact of the destruction products’ formation in the aggressive media of the surfactants, applied on the surface of polymer fillers to improve their adhesion to the components of the cement matrix, will be the main direction of the subsequent research.

56-60

Authors: СЕВАЛЬНЄВ А.І., ВОЛКОВА Ю.В.

The aim of the work is a hygienic estimation of the air pollution condition by fine suspended particular mater (PM10 and PM4) in the city of Zaporozhye. Materials and methods. The measurements of fine suspended particular mater PM10 and PM4 have been carried out since 2012 to 2017 years in the atmospheric air of Zaporozhye. It was used the KANOMAX-3521 aerosol analyzer for measurements. The data processing was performed with the statistical package of the licensed program “STATISTICA® for Windows 13.0” (StatSoft Inc., No. JPZ8041382130FRCN10-J) and the “Microsoft Excel” program. Results. It has been established that PM10 concentrations in the air of Zaporozhye exceed the recommended levels by the WHO guidelines for air quality. The average concentrations of РМ10 in the city - 0.14 ± 0.002 mg / m3, РМ4 - 0.07 ± 0.001 mg / m3, the concentration of РМ10 is 1.2 times higher (p<0.05) in the Voznesenovsky district. In the experimental areas, the concentration of PM10 is 1.08-1.9 times significantly higher (p <0.001) than in the control area. Maximal index of concentration was recorded in August (seasonality coefficient 1.8-1.83). It was established a strong inverse correlation between the relative humidity of the air and the concentration of PM10 (r = – 0.85) and PM4 (r = – 0.83) and the statistically significant difference between the concentrations of these substances in the evening and in the morning hours of the day (p <0.001). The results of the research indicate the necessity to organize the continuous monitoring of the fine suspended particular mater content in the air and the creation of a hygienic regulatory document for the PM.

69-74

Authors: АРУСТАМЯН О.М., ТКАЧИШИН В.С., КОНДРАТЮК В.Є., АЛЕКСІЙЧУК О.Ю.

The concept of the excessive physical activity in the sports of the highest achievements involves the presence of excessive load which significantly exceeds the individual physical capabilities of a man. Trauma, over-strain of individual organs and systems, fatigue are the main pathogenetic link in the development of the diseases in the athletes. Professional sport is a prerequisite for the development of injuries and various diseases. In general the athletes, engaged in running, skiing, cycling, swimming, and rowing, belong to the risk groups of cardiovascular diseases which work under conditions of high aerobic loads. Gymnasts, volleyball and football players, weightlifters, throwers, acrobats suffer from the overload of locomotorium. An unfavorable prognosis of the onset of diseases is also associated with the intake of pharmacological agents prohibited in sports. Directions of the preventive measures for the prevention of the diseases and injuries in sports include a complex of legal-and-organizational, methodological, sanitary-and-hygienic, socio-economic, therapeutic-and-preventive, and sports-pedagogical measures. The general directions of preventive measures include the primary prevention (at the individual level): the medical observation, protective equipment, rational nutrition, effective warm-up, etc.; secondary prevention (at the group level) - improvement of rules, agreements, information, education; tertiary prevention - social planning, legislation, economic investments. The effectiveness of the measures depends on a number of the factors of the organization of sports training, competitions, and health and functional possibilities of the athletes as well.