International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharmaceutical Chemistry

5

Authors: Nashir N. Parmar1 *, Megha Sangwan2 , Nandini More3 and Swati Gadgil4

Brahmyadi Ghrita (BG) is a polyherbal formulation; explain in ayurvedic classics to treat various CNS conditions which comprise Bacopa monnieri, Brassica campestris, Acorus calamus, Hemidesmus indicus, Saussurea lappa, Piper longum and Rock salt; processed in cow ghee. In present study raw drugs were authenticated with Ayurvedic Pharmacopeia of India parameters. Standard operating procedure (SOP) for Brahmyadi Ghrita was developed in three different batches by maintaining drug proportion and temperature. The three batches were analysed and values are compared to get the mean scores & standard values were established

5

Authors: Nashir N Parmar

A 30 year old female patient came to Ayurveda chikitsalay and Panchkarm Centre, Upleta with compliant of bloody diarrhoea, sticky fecal with foul smell, abdominal pain , nausea and burning in chest since 2 years. She was treated with ayurvedic treatments as an outdoor patient for six month period. Āyurvedic preparations like grahankapatras, mustadiyog, and Tablet: Ayopan were given. After 6 months of treatment patient was improving through Āyurvedic management without need of hospitalization and immunosuppressive medicine like Mesalamine1.2gm. All of her complaints like bleeding per ano, sticky fecal with foul smell, abdominal pain, nausea and burning in chest were cured. After six month of ayurvedic treatment Colonoileoscopy report was totally normal.

6

Authors: Priyanka Rani1 *, Gunjan Sharma2 , Renu Rao3 and Ekta Ramola

Eyeshold special status among all the sense organs because good vision is crucial for social and intellectual development of human beings. Hence authentic classics prescribed several preventive and curative measures for the management of ophthalmic disorders. Among them, topical treatments are very unique, effective in the management of eye diseases and are called Netra Kriyakalpa. Netra Kriyakalpa has very fast action on the target tissues of eye. Anjana is a medicinal preparation which is applied on the lower palpebral conjunctiva. Its active principles may be transferred to the interior of the eye according to their hydrophilic and lipophilic qualities mainly through the conjunctiva and cornea by paracellular and transcellular pathways. Haridradi Anjana is Ayurvedic topical formulation mentioned in Yog Ratnakar1 . The formulation is helpful in curing redness, burning sensation, watering, itching, photophobia, ropy discharge2 in the eye. Keeping all these points in view the present study has been planned with an aim to analyses the physicochemical profile of Haridradi Anjana in ointment form

6

Authors: Pratima Prakash Nalwandikar1 *and Nakade Mamta

Vata is dominant among all the dosha and shool has never been without involvement of the vata. Shirshoola is a chief symptom of the Urdhawajatrugata Vikara. Vatik shirshool is the most common type of primary headache. Nasya is indicated by all Acharyas for its effective management. The nose is saide to be the gateway of the head ,thus is it the best route to eliminate dosha of the head. Exclusive indication of the Ksheerbala taila Nasya in vataroga is available in Sahasrayoga.

7

Authors: Veena Kumari1 *and Niranjan Rao

Kamala is Raktapradoshaja vikara in which there is excessive aggravation of Pitta dosha that burns Rakta and Mamsa dhatu which in turn leads to the manifestation of disease Kamala. It has great resemblance with Jaundice. Liver disease produces a wide range of clinical manifestations. Jaundice is the main manifestation of acute liver disease, usually in association with systemic features of acute illness. Jaundice refers to the yellow appearance of the skin, sclerae and mucous membranes resulting from an increased bilirubin concentration in the body fluids. In our classics we get detailed treatment modalities for the disease Kamala through Shodhana, Shamana and Nidana parivarjana. Here a case of Kamala has been discussed along with its effective management.

8

Authors: Heena Mewara1 * and Jitendra Mewara

Placenta is said to be retained when it is not expelled out after 30 minute of the birth of baby. It is the most common complication of third stage of labour with significant cause of maternal mortality and morbidity throughout the developing world. It complicates 2% of all deliveries and has a case mortality rate of nearly 10% in rural areas. In Ayurveda Placenta is termed as Apara and all the Acharyas have given importance to apara patana by advising to check for complete expulsion of Apara followed by delivery of the fetus and also says that without expulsion of placenta, the women can’t be termed as Sutika. When Apara is not expelled out after birth of the fetus it is termed as apara sanga. Our acharyas have given various modalities of treatment for removal of apara, so in the present paper various references related to apara sanga are collected from all the classical texts and an attempt is made to understand scientific approach of apara sanga and its management in relation to retained placenta.

8

Authors: Sreeja Sreekumar1 * and Ravi Varma Raja H

Vatarakta is a disease that has evoked controversies in the current clinical practice as to which of the conditions or diseases are linked to the term under discussion. Ayurveda Samhita has classifications of vatarakta based on the dosha pradhanyata as well as on the basis of the progression of the disease. But trying to narrow down the disease vatarakta to a specific disease in modern science is impossible. Auto immune disorders such as UCTD can be considered as a variation of vatarakta. One such disease is undifferentiated connective tissue disorder (UCTD). Variations in lifestyle factors predominates in the causative factor of vatarakta. It includes the diet which is rich in dhanya, mamsa, madya and a sedentary life style that is prevalent in the society. These contribute just not to an increase in body mass index and to the development of the metabolic syndrome, but to the development of diseases like vatarakta also. Treatment strategies includes the 2 basic types of chikitsa i.e shamana and shodhana. Many effective formulations that comes under the shamana chikitsa can be used for managing vatarakta or undifferentiated connective tissue disorder.

8

Authors: Drashty D Kambad1 *, Tejal J Ganvit2 , Binal Gondalia3 , Radhika A Gurjar4 , Surendra A Soni

Psoriasis is an auto-immune disease in which there is scaling and itching in the papulo squamous lesions of skin which disturbs the daily routine of the patients. Because of recurrent nature of the disease, it remained a great problem since past many decades. Modern medicine provides temporary &symptomatic relief but also has many side effects. In Ayurvedic context, this condition can be considered as “Ekakushtha”. In current case study, A sixty years aged male diagnosed as a case of Psoriasis (Ekakushtha) was treated on Ayurvedic Principles of Kushthachikitsa viz. Dipan, Pachana, Sneha-pana and Virechana karma and patient showed marked symptomatic improvement with the treatment.

9

Authors: Sapna Kumari Vishwas1 *, Anil Kumar2 , K K Sharma3 , SanjayGupta4 and Parul Sharma

Nasya Karma is one among five procedures of Panchakarma, in which processed medicines is delivered through nasal route, either in the form of Ghee, oil, powder, liquid or smoke. It is particularly indicated in the treatment of Urdhavajatrugata Rogas(diseases occurring in the organs situated in Shira Pradesha/above the clavicle) but it works on the diseases of whole body by improving the activity of the different glands and nervous system. According to Ayurvedic classics Nasa is the entrance (doorway) of Shira Pradesha which means that it might be connected pharmacodynamically through neurovascular system i.e.blood vessels &nervous system (olfactory nerves). The Nasya Dravya which is administered in nostrils reaches to the Shira and eliminates the vitiated Doshas, which are responsible for producing disorders. Pharmacodynamics of the Nasya Karma can be understood through various mechanisms related to anatomical and physiological studies i.e. absorption mechanism, vascular pathway, lymphatic pathway & neural pathway

9

Authors: Santra Ramen1 *, NR NavodayRaju2 , PR Rajalekshmy3 and Panchaxarimath Archana

Tea and coffee are the popular beverages consumed worldwide. Yearly an average of billion kilograms of tea and coffee are produced and consumed. Caffeine-containing beverage is most common drink next to water. Although caffeine may improves airway function modestly up to four hours in people with asthma. But more consumption of tea and coffee has some ill effects on different system of the body. Other than consumption of tea or coffee, the adulteration which are admixtures causing severe health hazards. To maintain a healthy lifestyle one should follow the health beverages mentioned in Ayurveda according to season. Traditional health drinks are to be promoted and bring in to practice instead of tea and coffee, which is beneficial for health.

10

Authors: Ruksar1 *, Anamika Soni2 and Suredra Soni

Aging itself is not a disease however, the risk factors of developing diseases increases with age. The population of the elderly in India was 57 million as compared with 20 million in 1951, as per the 1991 census. There has been a sudden and progressive increase in the number of elderly persons between 1991 and 2001 and it has been projected that, the number of elderly people would rise to about 324 million, by the year 2050. The diseases occurring due to aging in elderly are known as Geriatric disease. Risk factors for geriatric diseases are trauma/injury, development of non-communicable diseases, poverty and social isolation. Common geriatric diseases are Dementia, Mental disorders, Sleep disorders, Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis, Heart disease, Alzheimer’s disease, cognitive impairment, impaired mobility, Chronic pain disorders etc. According to Ayurveda, ageing (Jara) is considered as Swabhavaj Roga. This principle of prevention involves following the Ayurvedic daily regimens (Dincharya) eg. Anjana, Abhyanga, Nasya etc., Seasonal regimens (Ritucharya) and proper dietary protocols which are main elements for prevention of Geriatric disorders. The role of Rasayan drugs in prevention and treating geriatric problems is also well proved in various clinical studies.

11

Authors: LakshmyDevi K 1 *and Jitendra Kumar Sharma

Ayurveda is the science which deals both with health as well as the disease aspect; the focus being prevention of the disease rather than its cure. Ayurveda explains both shareera and manasa concepts; both these when in a healthy state, the person is stated ‘swastha’. Manas is the prime factor among all the Indriyas. Vagbhata Acharya explains the dhaaraneeya vegas as lobha, ershya, dwesha, matsarya, raaga etc. These Bhavas if not contained leads to vitiation of manasa doshas and causes manasika vikara. Mind is having direct influence on the body, i.e. when manasika doshas are vitiated, it will affect the shaareerika doshas, so also inversely. The unending desire or longing for wealth, property, woman etc. is termed Lobha. Considered a synonym of Raaga, it ultimately has detrimental effects, bringing with it an array of diseasesbe it, of the mind or of the body.

11

Authors: A Clinical Study on Assessment of Psychological Stress and Sleeping Quality in Patients of Pandu Roga Vis-A -Vis Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA)

Introduction – Iron deficiency is very common cause of anemia in the world and is more dominant in women than men. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is considered as a nutritional deficiency disorder. Ayurveda has also given description about a similar disease Pandu Roga (a disease entity with clinical picture resembling anemia) in Charak Samhita, Pandu Roga Adhyaya wherein the disease has been described to be caused also due mental or psychological stress. Sleep is reported to be affected negatively by psychological stress. Further, a research paper on sleep quality in IDA patients, also reported for bad sleep quality in them as compared to controls. Based on the above concept of Ayurveda and contemporary medical science, the following paper aims to assess the psychological stress status and sleeping quality in the patients of IDA (comes under the umbrella of Pandu Roga) as compared to healthy controls. Material and Methods - 30 newly diagnosed cases of IDA (Pandu Roga) from the OPD and IPD of the institution were assessed for stress by Perceived stress scale (PSS) and sleeping quality by Pittsburg sleeping quality assessment index (PSQI) and compared to 30 healthy controls to observe for any relationship. The data was analysed statistically using IBM SPSS version 16.0 (Illnosis,USA.) and GraphPad Prism 5 (GraphPad Software Inc, CA, USA). Statistical significance was considered among the groups (p<0.05). Observation & Discussion - It was found that 56% of patients and 30.5% controls reported a bad sleep quality. The total Pittsburgh sleep quality index score was 6.56±0.32 in patients and 6.23±0.23 in controls as revealed by PSQI. Assessment of stress status by PSS revealed severe PSS with value 24-30 found in 6 cases as compared to 3 controls and moderate PSS of 14-23 was found in 20 cases as compared to 19 controls. The total Mean perceived stress score in cases was observed 20.10±0.60 and 19.20±0.94 in controls. No statistically significant correlation was observed between PSS and Hb values in controls and PSS and sleeping quality in both cases and controls. Conclusion – The study reveals some scientific evidence to the etiopathological part of psychological factors Chinta (stress), Shoka (grief), Krodha (anger or frustation) and Bhaya (fear) in the causation of Pandu Roga (IDA). There seems to be cause and effect relationship between stress and IDA. Sleeping quality was found deteriorated in the cases as compared to controls. However, the study revealed no association between stress and sleep quality

12

Authors: Deepak Verma1 * and Shivangi Kunwar

Arsha is one of the commonest disease which affect people now a days. It is correlated with the hemorrhoids due to similarities in the appearance of the masses. According to Acharaya Charaka the treatment of the Arsha is given after the assessment of the Dhoshika predominance. To evaluate the dominant Dosha Acharayas have describe clinical features of different Doshika Arsha. Formation of Mamsa Ankura is one classical feature of Arsha. Mamsa Ankuras are the masses occur in the Guda region and have different shape, colour or appearance. In present time these Mamsa Ankura are correlated with the Hemorrhoidal mass due to their resemblance, therefore it is diagnosed and treated as Hemorrhoidal mass by the medical practitioners. The aim of this research is to clarify the features of different Doshika Arsha Mamsa Ankura described in Sushruta Samhita and then evaluate that either these features are present in the Hemorrhoidal pile mass or not. Clarifying the features of Mamsa Ankura and also its relation with the hemorrhoid pile mass is the main purpose of this research.

13

Authors: Dhara Lakkad1 *, Bharat Ramavat2 , Shilpa B. Donga3 and B R Patel

Introduction: Infertility is defined as a failure to conceive within one or more years of regular unprotected coitus. According to FIGO, ovarian factor contributes to 30-40% in causes of the female infertility. In the Ayurveda classics, description of Vandhyatva is available including Nidana, Samprapti, Lakshana, Bhedaand Chikitsa. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of Rasayana Basti in the management of female Infertility w.s.r to anovulatory factor. Materials and Methods: Total 17 female patients of infertility having an ovulatory factor, being diagnosed by TVS for two consecutive cycles were included in this study. Rasayana Basti was given for 16 days for two cycles through rectal route in dose of 426 ml before meals in the morning time. A special scoring pattern for subjective and objective parameter was adopted. Results: Ovulation was reported in 71.42% of the patients. Conclusion: Rasayana Basti showed good result in anovulation

13

Authors: Gopa Kumar1 *and Santhi Krishna A S2

BACKGROUND: In Ayurveda Classics, Sneha Kalpanas constitutes to be the most widely used and preferred formulations as it incorporates both water and lipid soluble active constituents of the medicine adding to its therapeutic efficacy. Vachalasunadi Taila (VT) is a potent poly herbal formulation explained in the context of Ear Diseases in Sahasrayogam. No research work has been carried out till date and hence an attempt is made to evaluate the Pharmaceutico -analytical standardization of VT with special reference to Murchita (MTT) and Amurchitha tila taila (ATT). METHODOLOGY: VT was prepared as per the reference of Sharangadhara Samhita. The sample was subjected to different phytochemical parameters like pharmacognostical, physicochemical, and instrumental method of analysis comparing Murchitha (MTT) and Amurchitha (ATT) Tila Taila. RESULT: Results for parameters includes specific gravity (0.89, 0.91 gm/ml), Refractive Index (1.486, 1.495), acid value (0.44, 0.45), iodine value (111.81, 113.67%), saponification value (187.09, 190.65), ester value (186.65, 190.2). Instrumental analysis with HPTLC and GC-MS for MTT and ATT also showed a slight difference. CONCLUSION The Pharmaceutico-Analytical standardization of samples reveals an improved stability data in terms of longer shelf life for VT prepared with MTT and VTA showed significant results in all other assessed organoleptic and physico chemical parameters.

14

Authors: Rahul Kumar Burolia1 *, Mahesh Chand2 , Yaman Kumar Sharma3 , Aleena Gauri4 and Anoop Chaturvedi

COVID-19 is a novel and a substantial challenge to the healthcare sector that was identified in Wuhan (China) and spreading from nation-to-nation via contact transmission or air droplet transmission. The rapid spread of an infection in a short period of time is known as an epidemic. If the infection further spreads from nation-to-nation and gradually in the whole world affecting a substantial number of people, it is known as a pandemic. This is relatable to the Ayurvedic concept of Janapadodhvansa. The word ‘Janapada’ refers to community and ‘Janapadodhvansa’ relates to destruction of community irrespective of Prakruti (body constituent), diet, vitality etc of an individual. Ayurveda with its primary purpose to provide healthy life and longevity can help to prevent from the exposure of such pandemic by following the Anagatbhadha (diseases which are yet not evident but predicted to occur in future) Pratisheda (management) which includes Sthan-parityaga, Hitam Janapadanaam Shivanaamupsevnam, Anjali-Namaskara to avoid contact transmission and Sadvrutta (good code of conduct).