International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharmaceutical Chemistry

5

Authors: Shachi Pandya and Jatin Vyas

Incidence of infertility is rising due to changed lifestyle in which male factor contributes 40- 50%. Male factor infertility includes low quality of sperm count with decreased sperm motility. A Couple came to us with average 4 year active marriage life with complain of failure to conceive. Female factor were found normal where ashusband’s report showed severe oligoasthenospermia. Patient was treated with shodhan followed by vaajikaranaushadhi. Reports were found quite positive following treatment. Motility was achieved up to 50% which was 93% non-motile, previously. The total count was found to be 50 mil/ml which was previously 9 mil/ml

6

Authors: Rajiv Tarpe, Datt Bapardekar and Sunita Tarpe

A case of unknown bite presenting with symptoms of local erythema, burning and swelling on left arm came to OPD which was treated by following the treatment protocol of AcharyaSushruta. As per the treatment protocol for bites described by AcharyaSushruta in KalpaSthana, Jalaukavacharana was done in the present case. After performing Jalaukavacharana by using four leeches in a single sitting it was found that there was marked reduction in all the symptoms instantly and the results sustained thereafter permanently.

6

Authors: Dhananjay V. Patel

The purpose of Ayurveda comprises of both the aspects: a curative measure of the diseases and second is their prevention. The Rasayana therapy is exclusively developed for the aim to prevent the disease. In today’s modernized era, the preventive aspect is getting in vogue as everyone wants to work with the best of their efficiency without being affected by poor health. The regularity in the daily schedule, helps to maintain the health up to some extend because our bodily functions are also operating as per the schedule, but due to traveling from one to another place, business, meeting or any other unavoidable work, one’s daily schedule is often not maintained as per schedule, which causes a disturbance in bodily functions and sometimes may lead to disease. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent such diseased condition with the use of Ayurveda Rasayana therapy. Guduchi is one of the Rasayana drug advised in CharakaSamhitaRasayana chapter. The Ghana Vati form is the most convenient form to carry, consume and swallow, so it is selected.

6

Authors: S.O.Mohod and D.T.Tayade

Interaction of 2-p-chloro phenyl thiocarbamidophenol (L3) with transition metal ions Cu(II),Co(II),Cd(II) and Ni(II) by using spectrophotometric method. The stability constant of complex is determined with the help of Job’s variation method in ethanol-water mixture

6

Authors: Rakhee Panda

De quervains thyroiditis is a self limiting granulomatous inflammatory disorder mainly caused by viral infection in individuals having a genetic susceptibility. The disorder is mainly characterized by symptoms like pain over thyroid gland, fever, features of thyrotoxicosis, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate. This article deals with the current concepts in pathogenesis and pathophysiology of De quervain’s thyroiditis and presents a case of de quervain’s thyroiditis managed by treatment modalities available within ayurvedic domain. This case is presented to create awareness among practioners regarding different ayurvedic options available for management of De quervains thyroiditis.

7

Authors: Sunil Baluji Bhagat and Nisar Ali Khan

Theimportance ofeyes to the human beings need not be emphasized. Eyes provide sight, without which life would lose most of its meanings. But at the same time eyes are constantly exposed to the external environment. Almost everyone in the world overworks their eyes due to which several eye problems occur. Ancient Ayurvedic Acharyas identified dozens of Hetu (causes) that can cause eye disorders. A disease is caused due to specific causative factor followed by the pathogenesis with the manifestation of signs and symptoms and if ignored the complication is the next outcome. Without the knowledge of causative factors the implication of treatment is not possible. Hetu gives knowledge of the disease, so understanding the Hetu of eye diseases has its prime importance in preventing, diagnosing and treating the eye diseases.

7

Authors: KishorMadhukar Yadav and A.P.Vaijwade

Aging is the process of physiological, psychological and social change in multidimensional aspects. The eye is also involved with various ailments leading to the manifestations of different types of ocular diseases in old age. Among them important diseases are presbyopia,glaucoma, cataract, retinopathy i.e., ARMD etc. According to the Ayurvedic concepts the pathological lesions in old age are swabhavjanyavyadhis. It is hard to cure them entirely. So it is intended to delay the aging process.In the middle age Acharya’srecommended to start rasayana therapy as it enhanced the physiological processes & immunological status. It provides optimum nourishment to dhatusand thereby provides indriyabala. Rasayana can stabilise the aging process, increase the longevity and increase physical as well as mental strength by destroying the disease process.It becomes more effective if it is preceded with suitable panchakarma.The basic concepts such as chakshushya – which is major contribution of our science, can play role in preventing such changes among ocular components. As the geriatric problems are not attributed to a single cause, the treatment should be planned according to the stage of disease and involved dosha. On the basis of that we are treating the disease by applying classical ayurvedic measures along with kriyakalpas. Intake of rasayana in middle age followed by panchakarma, adopting dinacharya, administration of medication in early stage of disease are helpful in arresting the senile ocular conditions.

7

Authors: Udaya Ganesha B

Vasti Karma is one of the majorPanchakarma very commonly used in all kinds of Vaticailments. Acharyas have opined Vasti karma as half or complete line of treatment. Vasti karma is narrated after Virechana karma in the sequence of Panchakarma. Ayurveda has laid emphasis on prevention is better than cure. If one adopts himself in differentshodhana modalities according to the natural variations of season there may not be occurrence of any pathology.

8

Authors: Bhagyalaxmi K.S, Jadhav Bhagyashree and Swati Deshpande

A poly substance dependent person is one who is addicted to three or more substances psychologically with no specific preference for any one substance. In these patients, alcohol is among the most commonly abused substance1 .Some studies have shown that adolescents have one of the highest rates of polysubstance dependence2 .According to Ayurveda all the MadakariDravya which causes Mada to the person comes under the classification of Madatyaya/Panatyaya. It is a TridoshajaVyadhi(disease caused by involvement of all three Doshas-Vata, Pitta and Kapha). It mainly vitiates Ojas,becauseMadya(Madakaridravya) contains opposite quality of ojas. Hence aneffort was made through Shodana (Vamana, Virechana, Nasyakarma) to treat the ill effects of poly substance use.

9

Authors: Zaibfatima Vakil, A S Baghel, Harisha C.R. and V. J. Shukla

Lifestyle disorders are one of the biggest health issues towards the world. Faulty dietary habit is the cause of many digestion related diseases like Constipation, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Peptic ulcers etc. The ingredients of NagaradiKashaya,Nagara (Rhizome of Zingiberofficinale), Musta (Rhizome of CyperusRotundus) and Ativisha (Root of Aconitumheterophyllum) are very good appetizer and have stomachic, laxative, digestive, carminative, stimulant, expectorant, thermogenic and antihelmintic properties which helps to digest food properly and maintain the digestive capacity. The drug is going to be used in the form of coarse powder and will be subjected to pharmacognostical and physicochemical evaluation. The pharmacognostical results show simple starch grains of Shunthi, fibres of Ativisha, annular vessels of Musta etc. The physicochemical results show pH value of 6.5, loss on drying 4.56% w/w and ash value of 7.2% w/w.

9

Authors: Kalpana Patni and Gaurav Sinha

Rakshakarma means protective measures. It is one of the important procedures extensively used in Ayurveda. It is one of the procedures involved in the resuscitation of the newborn. The concept of Rakshakarma in Ayurveda is quite efficient for providing a complete physical and psychological protective shield to the newborn. Protective measures for the new born baby are taken to prevent the infections and to clean the environment, as well as to increase humoral immunity. The fumigation (dhupana) of the Sutikagara(sanatorium/labour room) by various drugs is mentioned to protect the baby from various opportunistic infections. Ayurvedic acharyas have advocated the use of clean and fumigated clothes, beddings etc. The various drugs mentioned in dhupana karma have antiseptic and antimicrobial properties which have been also proved experimentally in various studies. Plants protect by secreting natural phenols, flavonoids, isoflavones, glucosinolates, etc. These different chemicals are usually bitter, pungent or astringent in taste. In addition to their bactericidal or biological activity these substances may provide a defense against predators. Chanting hymns and practicing Yama and Niyama provide a psychological support to the patient, which is helpful for quick recovery and rehabilitation. Thus we can say that Rakshakarma procedure provides a complete physical and psychological protection to the mother and the child.

10

Authors: Gopal M. Jadhav and Tarannum N. Khan

In today’s clinical practice it is found that several diseases are caused by combination of faulty selection of food,malnutrition,adulteration in food and wrong food processing methods. Nutrition being a prime life support, its importancesustained at every stage of life, including intrauterine life of human being. Number of disorders related to foetal growth and development called Garbhavyapada are explained in Ayurved texts which are having close concern with maternal diet,nutrition and lifestyle. Rather food and nutrition is prime responsible factor for growth and development.As per texts MithyaAaharSevana is basic cause of Garbhavyapada.In recent era various types of fast food recipes with delicious tests,flavour and colours are available but their nutritional values are suspicious .In spite of availability of better medical services and diagnostic technology, evidence of gestational foetal disease (Garbhavyapad) is persistent over a period of decades.Traditional home made food properties as well as Ayurvedic concepts of diet and nutrition are very much essential to correct these conditions. Concepts of Laghu, Guru, Snigdha, Balya, Rasayana, Jivaniya, Santarpan, Poshana are having multidimensional action on body elements and resulting into better nourishment. It not only supports maternal health but also beneficial for proper nourishment and development of upcoming generations. Pre conceptional as well as antenatal role of diet and nutrition will definitely help to reduce the evidence of Garbhavyapadawith improvement in quality of pregnancy outcome.

13

Authors: Lade Vaibhav,Chandurkar Nitin, and Kamble Amar

Tvak Sharir and their diseases have great importance as skin diseases are easily noticeable and a cause of great social concern to the patient. Tvak is defined as the organ which covers the external surface of the body. Ayurvedic literature has described “Tvak Sharir” along with various types of Kushtha. There are eighteen types of Kushtha described in Ayurved, Dadru is one of them. Sushruta mentioned DadruVyadhi in Mahakushthawhile Charakahas mentioned in KshudraKushtha.According to pilot study from various Samhitas and modern literature it is seen that, the symptoms of ‘Dadru’ and Dermatophytosis (Tinea/Ringworm) shows tremendous similarities with each other. The co-relation of ‘Dadru’ and „Dermatophytosis‟ is done on the basis of similarities of the symptoms and results of histopathological investigation. The result found are ‘Dadru’ and Dermatophytosis have almost all the sign and symptoms which are correlated on the basis of literary and clinical study of both Ayurved and Modern science. Dadru(i.e., „AsitetarDadru‟) is superficially limited; similarly Dermatophytosis is confined to Stratum Corneum with some anatomical changes. Skin biopsy shows keratinized stratum corneum having some inflammation. From this examination we conclude that Dermatophytosis is superficial fungal infection.

13

Authors: Mukesh Kumar Meena

Intestinal worm infestations are widely prevalent in tropical and subtropical countries and occur where there is poverty and poor sanitation. Recent global estimates indicate that more than a quarter of the world’s populations are infected with one or more of the parasitic infections, the most common being round worm – AscarisLumbricoides in children. Even though infection can occur at any age, the highest rate is in preschool or early school-age children. The most common etiological and risk factors are poverty, ignorance, lack of hygiene, poor sanitation and use of uncooked food or improper washing of food materials etc. Transmission is primarily hand to mouth, but may also involve ingestion of contaminated raw fruits and vegetables. In Ayurveda the infectious diseases caused by krimiare explained under the title of Oupasargikarogas. The term Krimi is a broad term which includes all types of worms and microbes. That may be pathogenic or non-pathogenic. Among them, pathogenic is harmful to human beings and helminthiasis specifically can be correlated to the Pureeshaja type of Krimi. Treatment like Apakarshana(elimination therapy), PrakrutiVighata(to create an unfavourable environment) and NidanaParivarjana(avoiding the etiology) is found to be very effective to treat Krimi in Ayurveda. Inspite of this it is more economical, painless treatment with no or minimum side effects. The present article reviews the concept of krimi and role of Ayurveda in the management of krimiin children.

14

Authors: Jadhav Kalpana K

Background - Environmental pollution is a major threat to community health. Among them water pollution is very important issue because it is a basic cause for major epidemic diseases e.g. Cholera, Typhoid, Diarrhoea, Hepatitis - A etc. Also the safe drinking water is basic need of human being. Current research is concerned especially for rural population, where there is scarcity of other water purification facilities in rural areas and also purified water supply by local Govt. agencies is not available daily and because of this water needs to be stored for minimum 2 to 3 days. So this research project is conducted on Comparative study of assessment of water qualities stored in Tamra& Stainless steel vessels. Aim - To study the comparison between changes in qualities of raw water stored in Tamra& Stainless Steel vessels. Study Design – Experimental study Materials& Methods - The present investigation is based on analysis of water and data is mainly collected from experimental studies. The study was carried out with raw water of river and tube well stored in both Tamra& Stainless Steel Vessels to find out the changes in qualities in terms of physico-chemical & bacteriological parameters like Turbidity, Temperature,Hardness, pH, TDS, TSS and MPN .Storage of water was done up to 48 hrs and observations were taken after 12 hrs, 24 hrs& 48 hrs.This study was carried out in village Kodoli from Kolhapur district. Testing of water was done at Environment Science Department of ShivajiVidyapeeth, Kolhapur. Results- Assessment of water qualities of sample was done by comparison between water analysis reports of both vessels as well as comparison with Indian Standard Specification for drinking water. Statistical analysis is done on the data generated during this experimental study. Conclusion-Tamra Vessel is more effective to reduce MPN count of raw water throughout the study period from both the sources viz., River & Tube well in each rutu.Tamra vessel has effect on parameters like Turbidity, Hardness, TSS and TDS up to certain limit. Tamra Vessel may be good choice for storage of purified water for house hold purpose.

16

Authors: Vitthal B. Washimkar, M. B. Shende and D. S. Chothe

Dravyaguna is the science of Dravya –Drug which deals with the Guna (Properties), Karma (Actions), and Prayogjananam (Theraputic uses of dravya) which are indicated mainly as medicinal agents or dietic agents to cure disease. Dravyaguna is the study of Drug + Guna. „Drug = Substance‟ & „Guna = Properties and uses of that Drugs‟. According to ChakrapaniGuna includes Rasa (Taste), Vipak (End product), Virya (Potency), and Prabhav. Dravyaguna Shastra is an important branch of Chikitsa Shastra. Ayurveda advocates two principles to maintain normal health. They are Swastha&Swaasthyaa.Swastha = Maintainance of normal health by prevention, and Swaasthyaa= to give relief from suffering or disease condition. For all this details knowledge of Dravyaguna and its basic concepts or principles is of due importance and there by their application in Chikitsa Shastra. There are“Seven Padartha” which forms the basic concepts or principles of Dravyaguna Shastra. These are Dravya, Ras, Gun, Virya, Vipak, Karma and Prabhav. Dravyaguna is one of the basic concepts of Ayurveda and hence for knowing detailed knowledge of Ayurveda and the principles that are hidden in Siddhanta of Samhita, one has to deal with thorough knowledge of this all basic concepts. This review is an attempt to highlight the concept of Dravyagunaand its clinical application along with significance in present era.