International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharmaceutical Chemistry

5

Authors: Satyam S. Supare and Pooja P Shrivastav

Background: Indralupta is deliberated under Kshudraroga by most of the authors of classical Ayurvedic texts, in which there is a hair loss from some or all areas of the body usually from scalp, it shows one or more spot on the scalp. It is named as Alopecia areata in modern science. It is affecting psychological and communal status of a person. It accounts for 2-3% of the new dermatology cases in UK and USA, 3.8% in China, and 0.7% in India. Treatment available is corticosteroids (minoxidil, anthralin , topical imunotheorapy ,phototherapy ,salfasalazine etc.)1 in modern medicine but it has complications and limitations in chronic cases with longer use. Acharya Sushrut has preferred Upakramas like Raktamokshana, Prachhana, Lepaetc in the management of Indralupta. In order to evaluate the efficacy of Prachhana Karma and Gunjabeeja lepa in regeneration of hair in Indralupta, present study was conducted. Materials and Method: In this Case Report patient with Indralupta was treated with Prachhana karma and Gunjabeeja lepa application after all the mandatory investigations. Prachhana karma was done as per described in the classical text and negative vacuum pressure was created over the prachhita area followed by Gunjabeeja lepa application after every five days upto one month. Results: Significant result was observed in the clinical parameters with visuals. Conclusion: From the above study it is concluded that Prachhana karma followed by Gunjabeejlepa helps in the regrowth of hairs. So there is scope for further study on large sample size.

6

Authors: Madhavi Abasaheb Howal and E.E.Mojes

Agni (Digestive fire),Prakruti (Constitution),Dhatusarata(Tissue Excellence),Dosha (BioEnergies) are the unique concept of Ayurveda & are extremely important in the Diagnosis, Treatment and hence in maintaining the health of an individual. The food consumed by the mouth undergoes the process of Digestion in order to achieve the nature of “Sharirbhava swarup.” The process of Digestion takes place in various stages and during every stage; there are changes in the composition of Aahar dravyas under the influence of the jatharagni which participate & regulate the course of Digestion and metabolism. These changes refer the Avasthapaka & vipaka. Kapha pitta and vata at three different levels of mahasrotas are enriched and supported by Madhur, Amla and Katu Avasthapaka respectively. After the Madhura Avasthapaka is completed ,the semidigested food descends to Pachyamanashaya & due to its admixture with amlabhava’s it becomes vidagdha and attains the acid taste. Pitta which is originally situated at this site get’s nourishment & support from this avasthapaka.

6

Authors: Sukhdev Tonde, Shweta Deshpande and Rajesh Kolarkar

Ayurveda emphasizes the treatment aspect in both swastha as well as diseased .Now a days it is also mentioned incontemporary sciences that even a healthy person must undergo some treatment and regimens to maintain health and prevent diseases. Swasthvritta deals with things those should be performed in a day by a person from rising up to go to the bed at night to maintain health. Abhyangam is one of the procedures to be performed daily “AbhyangamAacharetNityam”. Abhyanga is derived from “Ang”dhatu and “abhi” upsarga which means- Movements which perform by hands on bodily part to absorb the snehadrayva. Abhyanga is one of the bahyasnehana. It comes as part of Daily regimen (dincharya), poorva karma (pre procedure of Shodhankarma). According to Ayurveda Abhyangam which is practiced daily prevents the ageing process, avoids diseases, and maintains proper skin health.

7

Authors: Pradipkumar R Suryawanshi, Sandipkumar R Suryawanshi, Shweta S Suryawanshi, Vijay Patha, and Rucha M Shinde

Medical care is vital for our life and health, but the waste generated from medical activities represents a real problem of living nature and human world. Improper management of waste generated in health care facilities causes a direct health impact on the community, the health care workers and on the environment. Every day, relatively large amount of potentially infectious and hazardous waste are generated in the health care hospitals and facilities around the world. This research article is to survey the practice of biomedical waste such as collection, storage, transportation and disposal along with the amount of generated biomedical waste in various hospitals in Dhule city, and create awareness among the staff and patient about biomedical wastes. The survey result on biomedical waste generation, disposal and methods adopted in various hospitals of Dhule city are discussed.

7

Authors: Shrimali Dipakkumar Jayantkumar and Harish Chandra

Neurological disorders are medically defined as disorders that affect the brain as well as the nerves found throughout the human body and the spinal cord. There are more than 600 diseases which can be categorised within this heading and the rate of occurrence of these diseases is increasing day by day. The treatment aspect of these diseases of modern medical science has their own limitations, but in Ayurveda, Panchakarma therapy treats these diseases very effectively. Sirobasti is a one of the therapeutic measures of Panchakarma therapy which is used to treat neurological disorders. The word "Basti" is used here to indicate, "to retain or to hold", thus in Sirobasti the oil is made to retain on the scalp for a prescribed time. The symptoms of vitiated Vata can be observed in neurological disorders. In Sirobasti Karma, used drug is absorbed through the venous system and reach up to the neuron level and rearranges its structural damage by rearranging Vata by its Snigdhadi Guna. Thus Sirobasti is the procedure which can act on neuron level and can treat neurological disorders without any side effect and by minimal expense in view of non availability of suitable treatment modalities in the modern system of medicine.

8

Authors: Udaya Ganesha and Gunvant Hari Yeola

Panchakarma (penta bio purification) is an added advantage of the Ayurvedic system of medicine. Specific diet and regimen is mentioned before, during and after the course of specific panchakarma (penta bio purification). Those specific diet patterns should be followed in a sequential manner, starting from light liquid diet to heavy diet to bring the digestive fire to normalcy. These diet and regimen; if not strictly followed, will have an adverse reaction on the body. Hence specific diet pattern and strict regimen is highly essential to maintain the homeostasis of the bodily constituents.

8

Authors: Dhananjay V. Patel

The World Diabetes Foundation expects 80% of new cases emerge in the developing world, as a result of increased urbanization, sedentary and stressful lifestyles. The response to faulty lifestyle and disturbed psychological conditions varies person to person because each has different bodily and psychic constitution. However, these factors play certain role in the development, progression, prognosis and treatment of disease. The faulty life-style affects one’s mind and homeostasis of body by several psychosomatic mechanisms. Many life style disorders are wing sprouted-up with genetic disposition. Type-2 diabetes is one of such diseases, which is adversely affected by the unwholesome diet, fast & stressful life style with sedentary habits. The following of Ayurvedic principals of Ashta Aaharvidhi Vishesha Ayatanani, Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Achara Rasayana, and Sadavrita can be an appropriate answer to inhibit this life style disorder. Therefore, in the present review article, attempt has been made for recommendation to follow Ayurveda principal related to diet and life style for prevention and control of type-II Diabetes in India and globally.

9

Authors: Kanika Gogoi

In Sanskrit,maxim is recognised under the term Nyaya i.e., inferences from familiar instances. It is basically seen by general public as a logical proposition. Nyaya emasculates a host of classical Sanskrit ideologies in a greater detail. In Ayurveda, Nyayas are used to explore the hidden meaning of the main verse of Caraka with proper enlightment.Cakrapani, the commentator of Carakasamhita used various nyayas to understand Samhita in a better way.

10

Authors: S. Sugunthan, R. Shailaja and M. Mohamed Musthafa

Varmam is the special branch of Siddha Medical system still in practice in Southern parts of Tamil Nadu, especially, in Kanya Kumari and in Southern parts of Kerala. The systematic study of varmam energy in the application of martial arts and therapeutic usage is called as Varmakalai. This medical science had been developed by Tamil Siddhas from ancient times and being transferred to generations through oral tradition, palm leaf and paper manuscripts. Varmam points are bio-energetic sites through which subtle vital energy flows and aid physiological functions of the body. These points are located in the junctions of nerves, naadis, muscle and bones. This review brings out the history, classification of varmam, physiological action and pathological aspects of varmam, its relation with bio-energy transmitter pathways (naadi), angular energy connections(Kona nilai) and the application of this art in therapeutics. It plays a promising role in reviving a person from unconscious state, instant pain management in neuromusculo-skeletal diseases and also in other ailments. The datas were collected from traditional paper manuscripts and printed books.

10

Authors: Sushma Dongre and Priya Bhagat

Ayurved Rasaushadhies (Herbomineral preparations) are immerging now a days due to its ultimate therapeutic properties on acute and chronic disorders. Microbial infections is an acute condition which needs quick treatment in the form of different Antimicrobial agent. Due to increasing irrelevant use of antibiotic and increasing susceptibility of microorganism to antimicrobial agents, there are increasing numbers of drug resistance cases in most of developing countries. So there is urgent need to develop a new antimicrobial agent which is based on targeted drug delivery system. Ayurvedic Bhasma (Incinerated minerals)Preparation are proven antimicrobial agents in various infectious diseases since ancient times but it requires to prove on modern ground as an efficient and effective antimicrobial agents by repeated antimicrobial studies. These Bhasma contain nano particles which could help to explore target base drug delivery system with less or no side effects along with immunomodulatory benefit. Presently various researches studies on antimicrobial properties of Bhasma are carried out to prove its antimicrobial potential. Present paper aimed to review these studies. Antimicrobial studies on Yashad Bhasma,Tambra Bhasma, Hartal and Hartalgodanti Bhasma, Tuttha Bhasma, Suvarnamakshik Bhasma, Sphatica Bhasma and Rasaka Bhasma are included in the present study noted remarkable result against various gram positive and gram negative bacteria against standard antibiotics. Those Bhasmas which have proven Jantughna (Antihelminthic) and Krimighna (Antimicrobials) property needs repeated studies on different species of bacteria and fungi in order to get such antimicrobial agents which do not develop resistance having less or no side effect.

11

Authors: Pradip Kinage and Mukta Sinha

Women have their unique physiology like menstrual cycle, pregnancy, child birth etc. This physiological change makes her more prone to disorders like cervicitis. It is very common disease in women with any gynecological complaints.Cervicitis is an inflammatory condition of cervix producing signs and symptoms like annoying vaginal discharges, backache etc. In Ayurveda all the gynecological disorders are described under the broad heading of Yoni vyapada.Cervicitis can be put parallel with paripluta yoni vyapada. Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) pacifies kapha &pitta and helps in reliving vaginal discharges and inflammation. Research studies have proved Guduchi as a potent anti-inflammatory drug. Having antiinflammatory property it helps to relieve backache, lower abdominal pain produced due to cervicitis. This study was based on clinical trial of Guduchi oil Pichu in cervicitis. Twenty patients fulfilling criteria of cervicitis were given Guduchi oil pichu for 21 days. Observations for relief in signs and symptoms were done in each follow-up. It was concluded that Pichu therapy is good for narrow passage and Guduchi oil pichu is effective in the management of cervicitis.

12

Authors: Kalpana Patni and Gaurav Sinha

Allergy is one of the most common conditions that affect human population with diverse manifestations. Allergic diseases such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis and food allergy afflict up to 20% of the human population in most countries. The prevalence of allergic diseases like Asthma has risen during past 30 years despite an improvement in the general health of the population. The drugs used for allergy in modern medicine are antihistaminics, decongestants, mast cell stabilizer, anticholinergics, leukotriene receptor antagonists and corticosteroids. However, these medicines give only symptomatic relief and most of the time these are associated with untoward effects like sedation, dry mouth and immunosuppression. Ayurvedic herbs can provide the better alternative as a safe and effective management to the conventional therapy in various aspects. The antiallergic, bronchodilator, anti tussive, mucolytic, adaptogenic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomudulatory, and anxiolytic activities of the individual drugs have been clinically and experimentally proved by various scholars from time to time. This article reviews the anti-allergic properties of the commonly used medicinal plants.

13

Authors: Richa Garg

Aim: To evaluate the comparative efficacy of Sanshaman regimen with or without Sanshoodhan in cases of Vatashonita. Introduction: Present day joint disorders are becoming a burning problem in society which causes disability of a person as well as nation, Vatashonita(i.e. Gouty arthritis) is common among them.. Settings and Design: For the present clinical study 44 patients were selected, however the therapeutical assessment was done on 40 patients. The patients having i.e. Pain, Swelling and tenderness in Joints, Stiffness/Restricted movements of Joints with or without Burning sensation & discoluration of the skin of affected Joints and patients with increased serum uric acid were selected for present clinical study. Materials and method: All patients were divided in two groups -Group-A- 22 patients were kept only on Shaman regimen. Singhnada Guggulu – 1 gm BD/ day for a period of 4 month and Guduchi Kwath– 40 ml twice daily.Group-B- 18 patients were kept on Sanshodhanoprant Shanshman regimen. (a) Snehpan – (Guduchiadi taila) for 3-5 days. (b) Virechana – with Virechana kalp yoga. (c) Vasti karma –A series of 9 Vasti were given to patient, 6Anuvasana & 3Niruha Vasti . Statistical analysis used: p value, paired ‘t’ test, unpaired ‘t’ test, χ 2 etc.Results: The trial drugs shows a significant results in terms of improvement in clinical & pathological parameters and no any side effect has been observed. Conclusion:Sanshodhanoprant Sanshaman group had shown better results than Sanshaman group, so it’s suggested that Sanshodhan chikitsa prior to taking Sanshaman chikitsa is of great importance.

19

Authors: Arvind Kumar

The increase in life expectancy has resulted in a major shift in the population of senior citizens hence the 21st century is widely being considered ‘The century of elderly persons’. Population ageing is one of the most important global trends of this century. India has 9.3% of the population older than 60 years of the age. The likely number of elderly people in India by 2050 will be about 1/5th of the total population. These trends call for tremendous efforts to cope with new challenges because population-aging has many health related consequences and a great need is now felt to strengthen the geriatric health care system. Commonest geriatric health problems are – Hypertension, Arthritis, Cataract, Diabetes and Asthma. Commonest ailments for which the oldest-olds are undergoing treatment are body pain, eye-related problems and hypertension. Ayurveda presents a sound concept of aging, its prevention and management. It incorporates a special branch - Rasayana Tantra, which is exclusively devoted to geriatric health care measures. Use of Rasayana seems sufficient to arrest or delay the aging process and to rejuvenate the whole functional dynamics of the body systems. The present review intends to explore the ancient concepts of aging and Rasayana. Numerous research works also has been reviewed which are conducted to evaluate the role of Rasayana in geriatric health care.

26

Authors: Urvi Ashani and Harisha C R

Tephrosia purpurea Pers., Tephroia candida DC & Tephrosia jamnagarensis Sant. belongs to the family Fabaceae. All plants were used in Ayurveda. Tephrosia purpurea Pers. commonly known as Sharpunkha. It is also called as Plihasatru meaning an enemy of the spleen (splenic diseases)1 . Till date the comparative pharmacognostical work had been not reported regarding leaves. In the present study detail comparative study of Tephrosia purpurea Pers., Tephrosia candida DC. & Tephrosia jamnagarensis Sant. has been under taken. The pharmacognostical evaluation showed that all the three species with prismatic and rhomboidal crystals of ca. oxalate, fibers, oil globules in the sections. Whole powder microscopic showed pollen grains of T. candida and T. jamnagarensis and border pitted vessel, starch grains are observed.