Psicogente

262-270

Authors: CRUZ GARCÍA LIRIOS*, JAVIER CARREÓN GUILLÉN**, JORGE HERNÁNDEZ VALDÉS***, MIGUEL BAUTISTA MIRANDA****, AGUSTÍN MÉNDEZ MARTÍNEZ

The main challenge of the public policies related to reproductive and family health is the birth control through methods such as proper use of condoms. The risk behaviors in this field makes adolescents more vulnerable, specially at the time of experiencing their first sexual encounters that often result in unwanted pregnancies and the consequent search for its interruption. In this sense, this research paper presents a study which aims to discern the impact of factors such as sex, age, revenue, marital status and group norms with regard to the attitude towards the induced abortion. For this purpose, we reviewed studies on psychological and attitudinal factors relating to sexual health in order to build an instrument that measured the attitude toward sexual risk behavior in a sample of 300 users of a public library. Once we had established the reliability (alpha of .865 for standard and .768 for attitude) and the effectiveness of the instrument, we proceeded to estimate a model of causal relationships, and their adjustment to the theoretical model. The results show that sex is the determinant of the standard positive group ( = -.28) and that the educational level adversely affects the attitude ( = -.90). These findings are discussed in the framework of the educational programs of orientation.

287-301.

Authors: MARTHA CÓRDOVA OSNAYA*, JOSÉ CARLOS ROSALES PÉREZ** MARÍA BELÉN GARCÍA CASTILLO

The purpose of this research paper was to identify some psychological variables and personal identification related to the presence of suicidal ideation according to the gender at a Mexican student university. Participants included 584 students: 52,6% men and 47,4% women. The applied instrument was the scale of Suicidal Ideation Roberts-CES-D, which was reliable and valid in both genders. No significant difference was found between the percentage of suicidal ideation of men (9.4%) and women (11.9%), and the variables that are associated with suicidal ideation in both genders were attempted suicide being a victim of humiliating situations, lack of social support and presence of negative emotion. In addition, men showed academic performance and upsetting experiences in recent months; while amongst women, GPA and discipline had a great impact as well as receiving discipline in an atmosphere of many rules, or environments without rules or punishments.

314-322

Authors: MANUEL FERNÁNDEZ ARATA*, CÉSAR MERINO SOTO*

The perceived self-efficacy is considered as an important concept in many areas of the behavior, especially in teaching performance and stress. This research paper reports the preliminary psychometric findings based on the Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale (Tschannen-Moran & Woolfolk, 2001) in 313 elementary teachers and 352 high school teachers in Lima, Peru. The results concerning item analysis, reliability and internal structure support the psychometric integrity of this instrument in both samples. These results also suggest cross-cultural comparability of the constructs assessed. Given the importance of perceived self-efficacy and stress intervention amongst teachers, this instrument provides a reliable and structurally valid system for measuring these factors.

337-347

Authors: ARTURO BARRAZA MACÍAS* JESÚS SILERIO QUIÑONEZ**

In this research paper, we establish the relationship between the variable school learned helplessness and two indicators of academic performance. In order to achieve this goal, a correlational, cross-sectional, non-experimental study was developed. The instrument used was the Learned Helplessness School Inventory, which was applied to 462 students at the College La Forestal Graduates located in the city of Durango. Their main results suggest that there is a moderate perception of the variable learned helplessness in school students polled and that this variable is related to the average GPA and the number of failed subjects.

360-370

Authors: GERMÁN CABRERA GUTIÉRREZ* EDWIN BRITO LONDOÑO, LEIDY DIANA CALDERÓN DIMATÉ, LAURA VICTORIA DEVIA CORREA, JUAN PABLO GONZÁLEZ PÁEZ*

This research paper presents a study with an objective to characterize the practice of smoking in young people among the age 16 to 25, who are studying at a public university in the department of Quindío. A study was conducted of a quantitative-descriptive type with cross-sectional data derived from the implementation of the relevant instrument: a survey and the FagerstromTest. Regarding the occasions where tobacco is most frequently consumed, it was found that the 84%, corresponding to 25 of the 30 students, smoke most in situations and spaces such as parties or social gatherings. In addition, with regard to the variable “would stop smoking for health”, it was found that 18 of the 30 students, corresponding to 60%, also responded affirmatively. Finally, when asked about history of consumption, 96%, corresponding to 29 of 30 students, replied yes, they would stop. It was concluded that the majority of the respondents have a low level of dependence on nicotine, since only 3 of the 30 students surveyed showed a high level of dependence

385-413.

Authors: DORA ISABEL GARZÓN DE LAVERDE**, MARÍA CRISTINA RIVEROS REINA

This research paper describes the main parts of an investigation-intervention work related with the conversational narrative processes in relation to the identity construction of young people and families, as well as semantic and relational dynamics based on which, young people interpret and give meaning to the particular experience of Psychoactive Substances (PAS) consumption in the context of family therapy, with the emergence of alternative views, new meanings and actions that enable to build feeling horizons in relation to the construction of narratives that emphasize autonomy and co-evolution of family members. This work assumes a complex systems perspective, based on a qualitative methodology of experiential cutting hermeneutic, that found in a conversational narrative an explanatory domain and enabler intervention method which makes it possible to re-configure stories of identity and family dynamics. This system makes possible the narrator flexibility, diversity and polyphony and building of self-privileged versions of autonomy in the participating systems.

428-444

Authors: CARLOS ARTURO CASTELBLANCO**, JOHANA MORENO CORTÉS*** LIDA ALEJANDRA MORENO****, SONIA SÁNCHEZ SARMIENTO*****, DORA ISABEL GARZÓN******, ROSA HELENA DUQUE

This article presents a research intervention from a systemic approach-constructivist-constructionist based on the conversational narrative - the phenomenon is to understand the narrative construction of permanent substitute families of the ONG children’s villages SOS Bogota-Colombia in relation to the senses of family identity, belonging, permanence and organizational process associated with the construction of possibilities of welfare and autonomy. Participated two foster families consisting of mother, aunt, nine children or young people, as well as juvenile companions, the psychosocial team and management of the organization. The approach is qualitative design of conversational scenarios and reflective equipment. As results is understandable experience to link families based in the relational discursive dynamics, narrated, lived and validated in multiple ways and strategies against the dilemmas that live to build family in an organizational context. It redefines the concept of family as well, seeing it now as a metaphor, generative system where they develop and strengthen the dimensions of being, allowing their emancipation. It also covers the conversational narrative as reflective gear construction itself, which accounts for the self-adaptive learning context recursive structures in language.

462-485.

Authors: MERY L. BALLESTEROS CÁRDENAS**, CARLOS F. RINCÓN LOZADA

his study aims to identify the neuropsychological profile of the joint panel of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH) and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) of an 88 years old woman. This was a unique case study AB referring to a woman who was diagnosed ten months past with AD and NPH, who after the lumbar puncture showed significant improvement in one of the symptoms of the triad of the NPH as well as a minor improvement in the cognitive processes of attention, memory and speed in the processing of information. These results led to the conclusion that the hybrid cases have a poor prognosis to level and cognitive recovery is limited to the motor component.