Enfoque UTE

1-17

Authors: Christian García-Rengifo, Sixto Durán-Ballén

The watershed basin of the Chalpi Grande River is located in the Ecuadorian Amazon. This basin, being above 3200 m a.s.l. It has characteristics of Andean and Amazonian ecosystems. The conservation of this basin is extremely important because the supply of 2.2 m3/s for the Metropolitan District of Quito depends on this river. The objective of this research is the characterization of the additional climate of 31 years (1985-2015) of records of temperature, precipitation and flow of the Chalpi Grande River based on the historical records of INAMHI, EPMAPS and FONAG. These were systematized records filled in based on statistical methods and remote sensors for data validation. The climatic temperature shows increases both in the behaviors and in the trends of the winter and summer seasons; as well as in the trends of climatic parameters that can be the effect of atmospheric phenomena, such as the latent problem of climate change.

33-45

Authors: Eduardo Revelo Vizcaino, Carlos Egas Acosta

Low-energy wireless wide-area networks are a key technology for the development of the Internet of Things. Like any wireless communications system, it requires that during the design the place where the network will be deployed be inspected to determine the locations where the signal is weak. Sigfox is a network with wireless access that provides the connectivity service for the Internet of Things. When the sensor nodes are located inside buildings, the level of the received signal can vary, due to internal obstructions and interference, so it is necessary to have systems that take into account the technical characteristics of the Sigfox network, to measure the levels. signal strength inside buildings and identify locations where there is no signal. The implemented system allows obtaining information on the signal levels inside the buildings in order to identify the locations in which the nodes do not have connectivity with the network and find solutions to this problem before implementing the network. The system implementation uses Sipy nodes programmed with Pymark and the Sigfox cloud, while the application development uses API and APIREST in the Visual Studio development environment.

62-74

Authors: Henry Pacheco, Emilio Jarre, José Ricardo Macias, Frank Intriago, Bolívar Ortega, Edgar Menéndez

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are becoming a very versatile technology tool in several application areas for development activities. Topography, as a fundamental area of engineering, provides information related to the three-dimensional location of points on the earth’s surface. The objective of this work was to generate topographic information, using UAV as a technological alternative to traditional techniques. The methodology consisted of planning and execution of two photogrammetric flights with the EBEB SQ UAV, instrumented with the Sequoia multispectral camera. Five control points were placed on the ground, georeferenced with a total station, used as control points in the processing of the flight images. The photographs captured in flight were processed by photogrammetry with PIX4Dmapper software on a desktop computer, with an Intel(R) Core (TM) i9-9900K CPU 3.60GHz processor and 32.0 GB of RAM. The photogrammetric flight results consisted of a total of 633 RGB photographs in a flight time of 36:27 minutes, for a coverage area of 57.7 ha. The processing quality report showed an accuracy of 2 mm in the georeferencing of the photographs with the control points. The photogrammetric processing was executed in a time of 48 minutes to generate Orthophotos, Digital Terrain Model (DTM) and three-dimensional point cloud. The generated products reached a spatial resolution of 5 cm/ pixel, with millimeter accuracies that allowed the management of secondary topographic information such as slope. The point cloud made it possible to classify the coverage in vegetation and soil, to estimate the height of the cotton crop canopy with an accuracy of 91%. As advantages of the UAV over traditional techniques for topographic surveys, the variety and precision of geospatial products and the optimization of times can be highlighted.