Enfoque UTE

pp. 23 - 41

Authors: Alvaro Nicolás Corral Naveda

The purpose of this article is to provide information to determine that telecommuting in Ecuador can be used as a measure of sustainable transport. Briefly, sustainable development is described, and certain definitions and approaches related to sustainable transport are covered, for instance, the Avoid-Shift-Improve (ASI) approach, as well as the Transport Demand Management (TDM), which serve to validate from a conceptual point of view the application and usefulness of telecommuting. An overview of the current situation in the transport sector in Ecuador is analyzed; the final energy demand; the environmental aspects related to transport, and the amount of public and private employees that are telecommuting. Taking into consideration some hypothesis, such as car ownership rate, the total amount of kilometers driven per year, the assumption of the distance travelled by employees who take public transportation; the assumptions helped to determine the savings that can be obtained through telecommuting in the present time. Therefore, these results would provide adequate information for decision makers to establish a conclusive pronouncement on whether or not support telecommuting as a valid working approach, and to develop the necessary policies to maintain it over time.

pp. 58 - 72

Authors: Katherine Verduga, Jorge Luis Santamaría, Gilda Gordillo, Carolina Montero

In this work, the optimization results are presented in the formulation of an energy bar of sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis), applying the statistical design of mixtures for the analysis of composition and caloric power in the bar. Energy bars consisting of amaranth, quinoa, dehydrated pineapple, oats, honey and sacha inchi were developed. In each composition, the amounts of honey and sacha inchi were modified, selecting three bars with the greatest difference between their compositions and caloric power. When conducting an acceptability analysis based on the application of a survey, the potential consumers turned out to be people between 19 and 24 years old. In addition to performing an evaluation of the caloric intake to all the bars produced, a compositional or proximal analysis was carried out on the bar with the greatest acceptance, on the basis of which new formulations were developed, maintaining the caloric intake value and validating the acceptance by the consumer in each new formulation. Concluding that there are significant differences regarding the acceptance of the optimized and non-optimized bar, since the non-optimized bar has a higher content of sacha inchi than the non-optimized one (35 % wt and 30 % wt, respectively) and in terms of honey content, the non-optimized bar has a higher content than the optimized one (30 % wt and 20 % wt, respectively). An alternative energy bar was obtained that promotes the consumption of native cereals and lipids that also have a great nutritional contribution.

pp. 82 - 96

Authors: Christian Montaleza, Xavier Mayorga, Jimmy Gallegos, Rogelio León

In this research a Rocker-Bogie type suspension geometry is designed and validated based on the analysis of the degrees of freedom, for its future implementation within the space exploration industry sector, having as main purpose the collection and transportation of garbage and waste to strategic sectors within the facilities, avoiding obstacles of different levels, although it could also be applied in the industrial, agricultural and mining areas, where a robust and stable system is required. We start by establishing a safety factor, determined through coefficients that involve safety and economy, then we calculate the dimensions and forces to be supported by the structural elements known as Rocker and Bogie, which are responsible for transmitting the support to the chassis as well as providing support to the connections for the axle components and motors for the wheels. The design and calculation of these elements, depends on the robot prototype being able to move through irregular fields avoiding obstacles such as: surface anomalies, potholes, rocks and curbs. For the validation of the prototype design, a static analysis of the structural elements (Rocker and Bogie) is performed by means of the Von Misses parameter, obtaining a high level of safety before rupture. Subsequently, the simulation of the prototype is executed based on a track created in the software, analyzing parameters of speed, acceleration and displacements in the axes X, Y. Finally, the results obtained from the simulation are compared based mainly on height and maximum length between front and rear axles, being crucial the maximum permissible angle of inclination.