International Journal of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis

6-9

Authors: Rahul Hotwani,Singla Bhavika*,Akshaya N Shetti

Introduction: In India agriculture is the primary occupation of the people. With most of the population working in the fields, snakebite becomes a chief occupational hazard and a medical emergency. In India, more than 20,00,000 snake bites reported annually, of which 35,000-50,000 people die and Maharashtra alone contributes more than 2000 deaths each year. Thus this study is aimed to know the clinic-epidemiological pattern of snake bite in rural Maharashtra. Aims and Objectives: To study clinical and epidemiological characteristics found in patients presenting with snakebite in rural tertiary care unit. Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional study. Material and Methods: The study was conducted between 25/05/2017 to 10/09/2017 after obtaining institutional ethical clearance. A total of 70 patients were participated in study. Set questions were asked to the patient to know the clinic-epidemiological characteristics of snake bite. Statistical analysis: The data was analyzed and expressed in terms of percentage. Results: Patients with various age groups got admitted during the study period. Maximum number of (38) patients are in 21 to 40 yrs. Majority of patients were females were 36(51.4 %). Majority of patients (31) were farmer. Most of the patients were working in the farm 47(67.1%) while they had bite. Maximum bites are seen in patients right lower limb 22(31.2%). The most common vehicle used was two-wheeler 38(54.2%). Out of 70 patients admitted in hospital, 36(51.4) patients suffered with vasculotoxicity. 14(20%) patients brought snakes after killing to the hospital for identification. 22(31.4%) patients out of 70 took primary treatment in primary health care center. Out of 27 patients 5 patients required ventilator support who suffered with neurotoxic type of snake bite. We observed no mortality among 70 patients admitted with snake bite. Conclusion: Regular public health programs educating about prevention, pre–hospital management, early and safe transfer of the victim to the hospital should be done.

14-23

Authors: Manoj Kumar Katual*,Gurfateh Singh,S L. Harikumar

The major focus of the present investigation is to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of Rosuvastatin Calcium. Preaparation of Solid dispersions of Rosuvastatin Calcium by using Vitamin E TPGS, A.Marmelos, and Gum Karaya as carriers in different ratios through solvent evaporation method. As Solid dispersions have been traditionally used effective techniques to improve the dissolution properties and bioavailability of poorly-soluble drugs. The model drug selected Rosuvastatin Calcium, which is BCS class-II drug with anti-hyperlipidemic potential. The reported bioavailability from oral route of drug is only 20%. So aim of current study is to improve the solubility and dissolution rate of a poorly water-soluble drug Rosuvastatin Calcium, by solid dispersion technique. Physical mixtures and solid dispersions were prepared using Vitamin E TPGS, MGK & natural polymers A.Marmelos in different to drug to carrier ratios, dispersions were prepared by solvent evaporation technique. Prepared formulations were characterized in solid state by FTIR analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy and in-vitro dissolution study. The aqueous solubility of Rosuvastatin Calcium was favored by presence of both the polymers. Solid state characterizations indicated the Rosuvastatin Calcium was present in amorphous form and entrapped in polymer matrix. In contrast to the very slow dissolution rate of pure Rosuvastatin Calcium, the dispersion of the drug in the polymers considerably enhanced the dissolution rate. Solid dispersion prepared with TPGS showed maximum 91.19% Drug release. The best formulation of solid dispersion selected and subjected to fast dissolving tablets. The mixtures of solid dispersion and excipients were evaluated for pre-compression parameters. After then fast dissolving tablets were prepared by direct compression technique. The formulated tablets were evaluated by post compression parameters. In-vitro drug release performance of the developed formulations was investigated. Followed by that, the release mechanism of the formulations was also studied by applying various kinetic models. The overall results revealed that the formulated fast dissolving tablets complied with the standards and exhibited satisfactory performance in terms of drug release and other related parameters.