Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research

1-11

Authors: Manish R. Pandya, Dharmesh K. Golwala.

Background: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety effect of Zanopause tablet a marketed herbal formulation of Emami Ltd., in pre-menopausal and menopausal women Methods: 50 women patients age range between 40 to 70 years old suffering from pre-menopausal and menopausal symptoms like hot flashes, night sweats, irregular periods, loss of libido, vaginal dryness and mood swings. Zanopause tablet was given twice a day for 60 days. Results: A significant improvement was observed in clinical symptoms like hot flashes, night sweats, irregularity of periods, loss of libido, vaginal dryness and mood swings after ZZT medication. Laboratory investigation showed improved Haemotological levels in all the patients. Other parameters were observed in normal range. On ‘0th’ day 7.6 - 14.1 (G %), 8.1 – 14.7 (G %) on 45th day and 8.7 – 15.2 (G %) on 60th day. ZZT medication showed a significant increase in Haemoglobin level of patients. 5200 - 9900 (/cu.mm.) on ‘0th’ day, 5600 - 1100 (/ cu.mm.) on 45th day and 4.01-5800 - 9700 (/ cu.mm.) on 60th day, WBC count was observed in normal range, from the data obtained from blood samples of 50 patients. Upper Abdomen USG was normal in all the 50 patients. Conclusion: Menopause symptoms like hot flashes, night sweats, irregularity of periods, loss of libido, vaginal dryness were taken care off. Increase in Haemoglobin levels and status of wellbeing. Reduce pain in knee joints were observed.

16-24

Authors: Gupta Monika, Srivastava Shilpi, Khan Sohrab A.

Introduction: There is very little information about the pregnancy related lumbo-pelvic pain and pregnancy related pelvic girdle pain (PPGP) in Asian countries, particularly in India. Most of the information about these pains has been obtained European countries. Objective: To find out the prevalence of lumbopelvic pain and pregnancy related pelvic girdle pain (PPGP) in Indian primigravida. Methods: A hospital based observational cross-section study including 227 primigravida who were interviewed for demographic data. Those who complained of lumbopelvic pain were assessed for the diagnostic criteria for PPGP. Results: A total of 137 primigravida (60.3%) reported lumbopelvic pain. Based on the diagnostic criteria, 68 women (29.9%) had PPGP and 69 had combined pain (PPGP + PLBP and PLBP). The mean intensity of pain in women with lumbopelvic pain using the visual analogue scale was 5.2 ±1.0 and PPGP was 5.5± 0.7. Conclusions: More than half of the pregnant women studied experienced lumbopelvic pain at the time of examination which shows that about 1 in every 2 primigravida had lumbopelvic pain. PPGP and combined pain (PPGP+PLBP) both are almost equally prevalent and need clinical attention.

31-42

Authors: Dr. Vinita Singh.

Chromosomal abnormalities occur in 0.1% to 0.2% of live births; Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) is the most common karyotype abnormality in live-born infants (1 per 800 live births. Trisomy 21 is the most common genetic cause of mental retardation and one of the few aneuploidies compatible with post-natal survival. The vast majority of meiotic errors leading to the trisomic condition occur in the egg, as nearly 90% of cases involve an additional maternal chromosome. The severity of each of the phenotypic features is highly variable among the patients. Besides mental retardation, present in every individual with Down syndrome (DS), Trisomy 21 is associated with more than 80 clinical traits including congenital heart disease, duodenal stenosis or atresia, imperforate anus, Hirschprung disease, muscle hypotonia, immune system deficiencies, increased risk of childhood leukemia and early onset Alzheimer's disease. The rapid changes in prenatal screening and diagnostic techniques bring new challenges Developments in Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) screening have sought to increase sensitivity and specificity of screening tests.Various methods have been used to identify women at risk of carrying a fetus with Trisomy 21, including consideration of maternal age, biochemical markers, amniocentesis and prenatal ultrasound. This article reviews the literature on prenatal screening for Down’s syndrome which is evidence based and this extensive literature examines how appropriate widely-held understandings of Down’s syndrome are, and asks whether or not practitioners and prospective parents have access to the full range screening and diagnostic test and keeping in account moral, ethical, social &financial milieu of the region and from the point of view of a regional foetal medicine unit. From the point of view of the individual woman, this means that if she chooses to participate in screening, she will have a high chance of detection of Down syndrome, and a low chance that a subsequent invasive diagnostic test will be recommended when her baby is unaffected, since invasive testing carries a low but measurable risk of foetal death.